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101.
E.L. Afraimovich I.K. Edemskiy S.V. Voeykov Yu.V. Yasyukevich I.V. Zhivetiev 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009,44(7):824-835
Using long-term (1998--2009) total electron content (TEC) measurements from the GPS global network including dense network of GPS sites in USA and Japan, we have obtained the first data regarding the spatio-temporal structure and the statistics of medium-scale traveling wave packets (MS TWPs) excited by the solar terminator (ST). Total amount of the detected TWPs exceeds 565,000. There is no correlation between TWPs occurrence and geomagnetic and solar activity. We found that the diurnal, seasonal and spectral MS TWPs characteristics are specified by the solar terminator (ST) dynamics. MS TWPs are the chains of narrow-band TEC oscillations with single packet’s duration of about 1–2 h and oscillation periods of 10–20 min. The total duration of chain is about 4–6 h. The MS TWPs spatial structure is characterized by a high degree of anisotropy and coherence at the distance of more than 10 wavelengths. Occurrence rate of daytime MS TWPs is high in winter and during equinoxes. Occurrence rate of nighttime MS TWPs has its peak in summer. These features are consistent with previous MS travelling ionosphere disturbance (TID) statistics obtained from 630-nm airglow imaging observations in Japan. In winter, MS TWPs in the northern hemisphere are observed 3–4 h after the morning ST passage. In summer, MS TWPs are detected 1.5–2 h before the evening ST appearance at the point of observations, but at the moment of the evening ST passage in the magneto-conjugate point. The obtained results are the first experimental evidence for the hypothesis of the ST-generated ion sound waves. 相似文献
102.
设计和分析双方密钥交换协议,目前已提出多个可证安全模型。为保障密钥交换协议所需的安全特性,形成一个统一的安全模型是非常必要的。本文评估了eCK',eCK和CK模型,证明了eCK’模型是当前最强的密钥交换可证安全模型,并形式化分析了这些模型的强弱关系。此外,对于模型问存在的蕴含关系还提供了形式化证明,并对非蕴含关系给出了反例。 相似文献
103.
104.
Zhong Lingwei Liu Yu Li Juan Gu Zuo Jiang Haocheng Wang Haixing Tang Haibin 《中国航空学报》2010,23(1):15-21
Charge exchange(CEX) ions could inflict severe damages on the ion thruster optical system. This article is aimed at investigating the characteristics of the CEX ions and their influences upon the optical system by means of particle-in- cell(PIC) ion simulation and Monte Carlo collision(MCC) methods. The results from numerical simulation indicate that despite the fact that CEX ions appear in the entire beamlet region near the ion optical system, the ones that present themselves downstream of the accelerator grid have good reason for attracting more attention. As their trajectories are significantly affected by the local electric field, a great number of CEX ions are accelerated toward grids resulting in sputtering erosion. When the influences of the CEX ions are considered in the numerical simulation, there could hardly be observed augments in the screen grid current, but the accelerator grid current increases from zero to 1. 4% of the beamlet current. It can be understood from the numerical simulation that the CEX ions formed in the region far downstream of the accelerator grid should be blamed for the erosion on the downstream surface of the accelerator grid. 相似文献
105.
Malini Aggarwal H.P. Joshi K.N. Iyer M.N. Jivani 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
Solar dependence of electron and ion temperatures (Te and Ti) in the ionosphere is studied using RPA data onboard SROSS C2 at an altitude of ∼500 km and 77°E longitude during early morning hours (04:00–07:00 LT) for three solar activities: solar minimum, moderate and maximum during winter, summer and equinox months in 10°S–20°N geomagnetic latitude. In winter the morning overshoot phenomenon is observed around 06:00 LT (Te enhances to ∼4000 K) during low-solar activity and to Te ∼ 3800 K, during higher solar activity. In summer, it is observed around 05:30 LT, but the rate of Te enhancement is higher during moderate solar activity (∼2700 K/hr) than the low-solar activity (∼1700 K/hr). During equinox, this phenomenon is delayed and is observed around 06:00 LT (∼4200 K) during all three activities. 相似文献
106.
通过一步高温聚合法制备了一系列含有噁唑环的磺化聚酰亚胺(SPI-X),通过改变磺化二胺与非磺化二胺的比例来控制SPI的磺化程度。采用FT-IR、1HNMR和TG-DSC对合成的单体及聚合物进行了表征。研究了SPI-X膜的稳定性、吸水率、溶胀率及其质子导电性能,并与Nafion(117膜进行比较。结果表明,SPI的磺酸基团分解温度达到270℃,溶胀率则表现出明显的各向异性。SPI-25膜室温下的电导率可达6.0×10-3S/cm,接近相同条件下的Nafion(117膜的质子电导率(9.8×10-3S/cm)。 相似文献
107.
Holger Winkler Justus Notholt 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
An ion chemistry model is used to investigate the negative chlorine ion chemistry of the mesosphere for quiet ionospheric conditions. Model results are presented for high latitudes in February as well as for the equator in Summer. For nighttime, Cl-, Cl-(HCl), and NO3−(HCl) are the most abundant chlorine anions in the mesosphere. The concentration of ClO3− depends significantly on its stability against collision-induced dissociation. In contrast to previous model predictions, the abundance of Cl-(H2O) is small. For daytime, photoelectron detachment and photodissociation have pronounced impact on the negative chlorine ion chemistry in the mesosphere. The abundance of all anion cluster is considerably smaller than at night. While Cl- decreases in the upper mesosphere, its abundance increases at lower altitudes. 相似文献
108.
109.
】阐述了高等数学标准化测试计算机辅助教学软件开发的环境,它是在Win-dows中文环境中,利用FoxPro数据库软件和Word字处理软件编制的。介绍了高等数学标准化测试CAI软件的功能及特点,通过DDE技术实现高等数学标准化测试试题的输入输出的方法 相似文献
110.
研究了在紫铜基材上用离子束增强沉积法(IBED)沉积TiB2薄膜后,在600,700和800℃的空气中氧化的动力学曲线;在INH2SO4溶液中,用动电位扫描法测定了其极化曲线和极化阻力,用SEM观察了其形貌,用俄歇电子谱仪(AES)分析了膜的成份,用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了膜的微观结构;讨论了TiB2薄膜具有优良耐蚀性的机理。 相似文献