航天系统雷电防护技术发展综述及展望

为满足航天系统的全天候发射任务需求，加强航天系统对于雷电环境的适应性，对航天系统雷电防护技术的发展情况进行了综述。首先分析雷电环境对于航天系统产生的破坏效应，追踪了世界航天史上典型的雷击案例，系统梳理了国内外航天系统雷电防护标准规范。针对运载火箭雷电效应数值仿真技术、雷电防护设计技术和试验验证技术，雷电气象监测预警技术，地面雷电防护技术和接地技术等关键技术的发展情况进行了追踪。在此基础上，从我国航天工程雷电防护的实际需求出发，对未来我国航天系统雷电防护技术重点研究方向进行了展望。     

水/金属燃料发动机水滴蒸发非傅里叶效应研究

水／金属燃料发动机单液滴蒸发拟选用表面模型假设,为了验证此假设的正确性,采用了修正的傅立叶定律,并分析了其物理意义及适用范围。通过试验验证及分析计算,从理论上证明,表面模型假设适用于水／金属燃料发动机水滴内部的输运过程。     

舰载机着舰舰面效应及其补偿方法研究

根据舰面效应的作用机理,分析了舰面效应对舰载机着舰的影响,总结了舰载机在不同着舰模式下的舰面效应补偿方法.针对舰载机自动着舰模式,通过分析舰面效应所产生的附加升力造成的着舰偏差,提出了引导信号指令修正的舰面效应补偿方法,并给出了舰面效应自动补偿方法的具体流程,分析了自动补偿方法的特性及其应用面临的关键问题.     

蜂窝状薄壁管拉伸时的收缩分析

为研究蜂窝材料拓扑结构与其整体力学性能的关系，从非平面Vertex模型的势能形式出发，结合蜂窝薄壁管拉伸时的轴对称特征，通过变分法得到了管拉伸时母线满足的控制方程，证实了边界效应是蜂窝状薄壁管受拉时产生收缩的原因，并结合控制方程的若干特解，考察了非平面Vertex模型中材料参数对管弯曲程度的影响。结果表明，非平面Vertex模型中表征夹角势强度的参数决定了材料的整体抗弯性，而距离管端最近的3层元胞是管拉伸时的主要收缩区。最后进一步探讨了蜂窝薄壁管曲率与收缩幅度之间的非线性关系，揭示了构型曲率是蜂窝材料泊松比的影响因素之一。     

Effects of tooth bending damage on the leakage performance and rotordynamic coefficients of labyrinth seals

Tooth bending damage resulting from an intense impact by the rotor sometimes occurs in the transient operation. To investigate the influence of after-damage clearance and tooth bending length on the leakage performance and rotordynamic coefficients of labyrinth seals, three tooth bending damages were taken into consideration, including the unbent tooth damage (abbreviated as Unbent), the partial tooth bending damage (abbreviated as Pbent) and the complete tooth bending damage (abbreviated as Cbent). The transient CFD solution was utilized to calculate the leakage flow rates and rotordynamic coefficients of labyrinth seals with clearances of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 mm for three tooth bending damages. The obtained result shows that the Unbent tooth damage leaks least while the Pbent tooth bending damage leaks most, and an increase of 6.1% for Cbent tooth bending damage and an increase of 19.4% for Pbent tooth bending damage are discovered at the tooth clearance of 0.6 mm in comparison with the Unbent tooth damage. Compared to the Unbent tooth damage, the effective damping for Pbent tooth bending damage and Cbent tooth bending damage is lower and drops by 9.7%–33.6% and 8.5%–22.6% respectively at the tooth clearance of 0.6 mm, suggesting that Pbent tooth bending damage or Cbent tooth bending damage tends to weaken the seal stability when compared to the Unbent tooth damage.     

A novel range-Doppler imaging algorithm with OFDM radar

Traditional pulse Doppler radar estimates the Doppler frequency by taking advantage of Doppler modulation over different pulses and usually it requires a few pulses to estimate the Doppler frequency. In this paper, a novel range-Doppler imaging algorithm based on single pulse with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) radar is proposed, where the OFDM pulse is composed of phase coded symbols. The Doppler frequency is estimated using one single pulse by utilizing Doppler modulation over different symbols, which remarkably increases the data update rate. Besides, it is shown that the range and Doppler estimations are completely independent and the well-known range-Doppler coupling effect does not exist. The effects of target movement on the performances of the proposed algorithm are also discussed and the results show that the algorithm is not sensitive to velocity. Performances of the proposed algorithm as well as comparisons with other range-Doppler algorithms are demonstrated via simulation experiments.     

对新型SAR欺骗干扰效果的评估方法

欺骗干扰效果评估是SAR对抗领域的热点和难点问题。基于新型欺骗干扰的特点,给出欺骗度和压制度的表征方式,并提出一种将欺骗度和压制度相结合的综合评估方法。该方法不仅可利用干扰前后目标轮廓特征的变化描述欺骗干扰逼真度,而且根据图像ROI压制度的分析实现对欺骗度的验证,并结合人工决策模式得到了干扰样式优选的判决条件。实验结果表明,这种评估方法不仅能够有效地对新型欺骗干扰的对抗效果作出评价,而且引入了一定的信息反馈机制,使得评估结论的针对性更强,可靠性更高。     

基于高阶统计量的ISAR干扰效果评估方法

针对ISAR受干扰前后目标图像的灰度分布在统计特性上的差异,提出了一种基于高阶统计量的干扰效果评估方法。借助于描述概率分布对称性和高斯性的斜度和峰度,将干扰效果评估问题转化为图像灰度分布特性的变化问题,同时,为了使评估结果具有归一化的特点,定义了斜度相似度和峰度相似度的概念,分别就射频噪声干扰和噪声调频干扰进行了干扰仿...     

倒品字形分布三个冷却塔的风致干扰效应研究

针对呈倒品字形分布的三个冷却塔,采用风洞试验方法进行风致干扰效应研究.通过增加模型表面粗糙度的方法来补偿模型试验的雷诺数,应用POD方法进行风压点的加密和插值,计算单塔和三塔的阻力系数、升力系数和底部剪力系数等,并分析三塔的干扰系数随塔间距、风向角的变化规律.研究表明,三塔情况下,顺风向底部剪力平均值和极大值的干扰系数大部分都小于1,说明呈倒品字形分布的三塔对风通道形成阻挡,使后塔受到的总体阻力变小.横风向底部剪力极大值的干扰系数大部分超过1,最大值接近2,说明三塔情况下横风向的脉动效应非常显著.     

飞机机电系统PHM的综合诊断推理机设计

在分析区域级PHM功能及区域管理器结构的基础上,开展了综合诊断推理机设计基础准备工作,包括机电系统功能建模、aFMECA分析、机电系统关联分析。最终,设计出飞机机电系统PHM综合诊断推理机的结构及其工作流程。所设计的综合诊断推理机综合了以往多种推理机的推理机制,更加系统全面地实现了对飞机机电系统的综合诊断功能,具有一定的工程应用价值。