高热流密度燃烧室壁面阵列空气射流-燃油组合冷却结构研究（爆震专刊）

针对高热流密度燃烧室壁面热防护需求提出了一种空气阵列射流冲击和燃油冷却肋板的集成冷却方式,在射流平均雷诺数(Re_j)为10000至30000、燃油进口流速(v_f)为2.33m/s至5.23m/s的范围内,采用数值模拟方法对其传热特性进行了研究,并基于壁面加热侧当量对流换热系数的概念,分析了基准肋板以及燃油冷却肋板的传热增强作用。与无肋板靶面的阵列射流冲击相比,带肋板阵列射流冲击的面积平均当量对流换热系数是前者的1.6倍,压力损失系数相对提高了约25%;采用燃油冷却肋板,加热壁面综合传热能力进一步增强,在Re_j=10000时,采用燃油冷却肋板的面积平均当量对流换热系数是基准肋板的1.5倍以上,即使在Re_j=30000时,燃油冷却肋板的传热增强比也可以达到1.2;燃油冷却肋板的出口温度相对进口温度的提升在20K~50K范围内,其提升幅度随着射流雷诺数或燃油进口流速的增大而减小。     

飞机整机线缆自动化集成检测技术研究现状和发展

飞机整机线缆集成检测是飞机总装过程中的一项重要工作,是关乎线缆制造质量高低的一个关键环节,在航空制造企业受到了广泛重视。对飞机整机线缆检测方法进行了比较和分析,介绍了线缆自动化集成检测的内涵和主要研究内容,对比分析了国内外线缆自动化集成检测的研究现状,分析和指出了线缆自动化集成检测存在的问题以及发展趋势。最后对数字孪生技术在线缆自动化集成检测领域中的应用进行了展望。     

金属加筋壁板蒙皮有效宽度分析方法

民用飞机机身、机翼的壁板、气密框以及翼梁结构为典型的壁板加筋结构,在承受压缩载荷时需考虑成由蒙皮与筋条组成的复合剖面共同承载,其通常为中长柱,工程分析时常取30倍的蒙皮厚度作为蒙皮有效宽度。取30倍的蒙皮厚度作为蒙皮有效宽度存在着一定的保守性,介绍了Von Karman迭代分析方法、有限元分析方法及常用的工程分析方法。在加筋壁板结构的轴压承载能力计算中,蒙皮有效宽度的确定是较为关键的设计因素,对飞机机身、机翼结构效率的提高和重量控制至关重要。随着加工能力的提升,虽然部分壁板结构由组合式逐渐过渡到了整体机加形式,但所述方法仍有一定的借鉴意义,对目前国内外常用的金属加筋壁板有效宽度的工程分析方法进行了研究,并结合有限元分析对工程分析方法进行了验证。     

Dependence on forming parameters of an integral panel during the electromagnetic incremental forming process

Nowadays, more and more attentions are paid to electromagnetic incremental forming(EMIF), especially for a part with a large-scale size, e.g., an integral panel with stiffened ribs. In this work, the bending of a panel into a double-curvature profile via EMIF is carried out experimentally and evaluated by comparing the formed profile with the desired profile. During the process,discharges at four positions along different discharge paths are designed. The effects of forming parameters on the die-fittingness of the workpiece are discussed, for which two evaluation indices are used to judge forming results. The results show that a discharge voltage in an incremental mode is helpful to improve the fittingness and avoid the collision rebound against the die at the same time.Discharging at the diagonal positions with the ‘‘X" discharge path exhibits the minimal shape deviation and the best forming uniformity. On the contrary, discharging at the parallel positions with the ‘‘Z" discharge path obtains the worst forming quality. Overlap of the coil at different positions should be given during EMIF; however, a lower overlap rate of the coil helps improve the forming quality. The results obtained in this work are useful for forming integral panels with stiffened ribs via the EMIF process.     

光纤陀螺惯导在航海领域的发展与应用

针对航海导航领域对惯性技术发展的新需求,从系统精度、旋转调制技术、陀螺性能等方面出发,梳理了国外航海惯导技术的发展脉络。由此总结出了航海惯导三点新的发展需求,包括定位精度、研制成本、使用维护性,同时给出了满足当前发展需求的一个研究方向,那就是采用超高精度的光纤陀螺研制航海惯导。最后从陀螺精度极限、温控、全阻尼等几个方面进行简要的可行性论证,并给出了部分验证试验结果,试验结果表明光纤陀螺惯导在航海领域具有广阔的发展前景。     

GPS/伪卫星组合定位中伪卫星改进选址模型

为了更为有效地改善GPS卫星的几何结构,提高GPS/伪卫星组合定位的精度,在推导伪卫星增强GPS系统基本公式的基础上,阐述了GPS绝对定位精度因子的相关理论,说明了引入伪卫星的必要性;提出了建立以观测时间、高度角和方位角为自变量,绝对定位精度因子为因变量的四维选址模型,并采用一次性添加伪卫星方式,改进现有的逐颗添加方式,建立了整体最优的伪卫星选址模型,给出了该模型的工作流程。以空间位置精度因子PDOP为例,进行实测数据测试与分析,结果表明：基于两种伪卫星添加方式建立的四维模型均可为高效的伪卫星选址工作提供可靠依据,实现伪卫星的优化选址;其中一次性添加方式优于逐颗添加方式,尤其对于添加2颗伪卫星,PDOP值在局部的优化程度达到了1.0以上,较大程度地改善了逐颗添加伪卫星方式产生的不利区域,可以提供更为有效的伪卫星选址方案。     

Attitude determination of planetary exploration rovers using solar panels characteristics and accelerometer

In this study, we propose a new attitude determination system, which we call Irradiance-based Attitude Determination (IRAD). IRAD employs the characteristics and geometry of solar panels. First, the sun vector is estimated using data from solar panels including current, voltage, temperature, and the normal vectors of each solar panel. Because these values are obtained using internal sensors, it is easy for rovers to provide redundancy for IRAD. The normal vectors are used to apply to various shapes of rovers. Second, using the gravity vector obtained from an accelerometer, the attitude of a rover is estimated using a three-axis attitude determination method. The effectiveness of IRAD is verified through numerical simulations and experiments that show IRAD can estimate all the attitude angles (roll, pitch, and yaw) within a few degrees of accuracy, which is adequate for planetary explorations.     

An innovative navigation scheme of powered descent phase for Mars pinpoint landing

Pinpoint landing (within 100 m from the target) is essential for future Mars exploration missions. This paper deals with one aspect of the pinpoint landing architecture—the navigation performance improvement during the powered descent phase, and proposes an innovative navigation scheme to obtain the vehicle complete and accurate states. On the basis of dead reckoning relying on the Inertial Measurement Unit, measurements of the Integrated Doppler Radar are adopted to correct the vehicle velocity and altitude. Distance between the vehicle and one Mars Orbiter as well as their line-of-sight relative velocity is measured by a radio sensor, and integrated in the filter to correct the vehicle horizontal position. The innovative navigation system is based on an Extend Kalman Filter. Two observation schemes are developed. One considers measurements of the Integrated Doppler Radar and radio range measurement. Another further considers radio velocity measurement. The performance of the innovative navigation scheme is greatly influenced by the position of the Mars Orbiter with respect to the target. Stochastic analyses are performed to obtain optimal locations of Mars Orbiter. Finally, the innovative navigation scheme performances are assessed through stochastic simulations. Its performance improvements are demonstrated by comparison with the Integrated Doppler Radar only navigation scheme.     

整体壁板压弯成形等效计算模型

分析了筋条内弯型整体壁板压弯成形过程中蒙皮和筋条的弹塑性变形分布,鉴于内弯筋条发生塑性变形而蒙皮主要为弹性变形的特点,提出了一种将蒙皮部分简化为虚拟材料筋条的几何等效方法.推导了基于惯性矩的虚拟材料等效系数计算公式,给出了复杂网格筋条壁板等效模型建立过程和虚拟材料系数计算方法.进行了Ⅰ型单筋条和网格筋条壁板的有限元分析和压弯实验,对比分析了完整模型和等效模型的计算效率和精度,并用实验数据进行了验证,表明建立的压弯成形有限元等效模型精度可靠、效率数倍提高,为大型整体壁板压弯成形分析和工艺参数优化提供了基础.     

一种基于遗传RBF神经网络的智能容错滤波算法

针对组合导航中标准卡尔曼滤波容错性能不足的问题,提出一种基于遗传RBF神经网络的智能容错滤波算法,其基本思想是通过RBF网络自动调节滤波增益来控制不确定性噪声的影响,进而提高滤波容错性。在RBF神经网络中,隐层单元与核函数宽度的选取对网络的性能具有重要影响,进而利用自适应遗传算法对其隐层单元数及核函数宽度进行了优化,隐层单元中心和输出层连接权值分别由K-均值聚类和最小二乘算法确定,最后得到精度较高且结构优化的RBF网络。为检验方法的应用效果,以SINS/GPS组合导航系统为例进行了仿真验证,实验结果表明遗传RBF网络容错滤波算法能在满足导航精度和计算量增加较小的前提下,比标准卡尔曼滤波具有更强的容错能力,由此也说明了方法的有效性。