喷射角对涡轮叶栅端壁气膜冷却传热的影响

在大尺寸低速平面叶栅风洞中,对前缘上游有单排气膜孔的涡轮导向叶栅端壁气膜冷却进行了详细的传热实验。在喷射角为25°,35°和45°以及吹风比为1,2,3下测量了端壁面上的局部冷却效率和换热系数,并由此计算出了叶栅实际工作状态下的端壁热负荷。着重研究了喷射角对端壁气膜冷却的影响。数据表明减小喷射角度虽然能够显著的提高冷却效率,但同时也明显的增大了换热系数,最终的冷却效果取决于端壁热负荷的大小。     

H2/Air连续旋转爆震波的起爆及传播过程试验

在环缝-喷孔对撞式喷注模型发动机上,采用H2/O2热射流切向喷注的起爆方式,进行了H2/Air组合的连续旋转爆震试验,试验成功起爆并实现了爆震波的持续旋转传播。切向喷注的热射流并没有直接诱导形成旋转爆震波,从点火到形成稳定传播的旋转爆震波之间存在时间间隔。对高频信号的时频分析结果表明,在该试验工况下,旋转爆震波的传播过程非常稳定,其传播频率为5.5～5.95 kHz,平均传播频率为5.75 kHz,对应的平均传播速度为1716.4m/s,为理论预测值的91.14%。在没有测量高频压力的情况下开展了长程试验,结果表明,连续旋转爆震波也可以在更长的时间范围内稳定工作。     

高负荷缝隙弯曲扩压叶栅尾迹特性实验

实验研究了设计冲角下压气机采用带切向缝隙大转角弯曲叶片对叶栅出口尾迹特性的影响,结果表明,切向缝隙射流能够有效地改善高负荷扩压叶栅的尾迹低速、低总压特性,减少尾迹高熵流体的加入以及尾迹亏损,从而降低了栅后总损失。     

槽缝射流和泄漏间隙对轴对称涡轮端壁换热特性的影响

为了研究槽缝射流和泄漏间隙对一级涡轮导叶轴对称端壁换热特性的影响,利用R35C15W型宽带液晶和稳态测温技术在高速叶栅风洞试验台进行了端壁换热特性的实验研究.在无槽缝射流时,研究了叶栅进口雷诺数(Re=2.2×105,2.8×105和3.4×105)对端壁换热特性的影响;在有槽缝射流条件下研究了射流质量流量比(0.6％...     

高压涡轮冷却叶片叶顶结构气动与传热

开展了叶顶结构及间隙变化对高压涡轮冷却叶片气动与传热性能影响的研究,建立了四种不同叶顶结构的涡轮冷却叶片几何与数值分析模型,进行了高精度流热固耦合分析,得到了不同叶顶结构及间隙对涡轮冷却叶片气动与传热性能影响的数值分析结果。结果表明:不带射流孔叶片随着叶顶间隙的增大,总压损失增加;由于近壁面处存在的涡流,凹槽叶顶结构能够减少叶顶燃气泄漏,阻碍叶顶平面高温燃气的流动与热交换;叶顶射流孔冷却效果明显,能够大幅度降低叶顶平面温度。在相同叶顶间隙下,凹槽射流叶片具有最高的气动性能。     

In-flight testing of the injection of the LISA Pathfinder test mass into a geodesic

LISA Pathfinder is a technology demonstrator space mission, aimed at testing key technologies for detecting gravitational waves in space. The mission is the precursor of LISA, the first space gravitational waves observatory, whose launch is scheduled for 2034. The LISA Pathfinder scientific payload includes two gravitational reference sensors (GRSs), each one containing a test mass (TM), which is the sensing body of the experiment. A mission critical task is to set each TM into a pure geodesic motion, i.e. guaranteeing an extremely low acceleration noise in the sub-Hertz frequency bandwidth. The grabbing positioning and release mechanism (GPRM), responsible for the injection of the TM into a geodesic trajectory, was widely tested on ground, with the limitations imposed by the 1-g environment. The experiments showed that the mechanism, working in its nominal conditions, is capable of releasing the TM into free-fall fulfilling the very strict constraint imposed on the TM residual velocity, in order to allow its capture on behalf of the electrostatic actuation.However, the first in-flight releases produced unexpected residual velocity components, for both the TMs. Moreover, all the residual velocity components were greater than maximum value set by the requirements. The main suspect is that unexpected contacts took place between the TM and the surroundings bodies. As a consequence, ad hoc manual release procedures had to be adopted for the few following injections performed during the nominal mission. These procedures still resulted in non compliant TM states which were captured only after impacts. However, such procedures seem not practicable for LISA, both for the limited repeatability of the system and for the unmanageable time lag of the telemetry/telecommand signals (about 4400 s). For this reason, at the end of the mission, the GPRM was deeply tested in-flight, performing a large number of releases, according to different strategies. The tests were carried out in order to understand the unexpected dynamics and limit its effects on the final injection. Some risk mitigation maneuvers have been tested aimed at minimizing the vibration of the system at the release and improving the alignment between the mechanism and the TM. However, no overall optimal release strategy to be implemented in LISA could be found, because the two GPRMs behaved differently.     

周向畸变下轴流压气机的失速预警方法研究及应用

为了探究进气畸变条件下轴流压气机的有效失速预警方法并将其应用于主动控制系统中,在一台低速单转子轴流压气机上对均匀进气和周向畸变条件下的失速预警方法进行了实验研究。实验通过在进口布置高度可调节的插板来产生不同强度的周向畸变,并通过在转子叶顶布置的动态压力传感器测得非定常压力信号,运用自相关、互相关和均方根算法对其进行分析,比较了周向畸变下三种失速预警方法的可靠性。分析结果表明:只有传感器安装在畸变区时自相关和均方根分析才有效;互相关分析不依赖于传感器的安装位置,在畸变区和非畸变区均能有效感受到畸变的影响,且互相关系数随着周向畸变的产生或消失相应地下降或上升,因此在周向畸变下互相关分析为更有效的失速预警方法;最后在基于互相关分析的基础上对该单转子轴流压气机实施了喷气主动控制应用,在24.75%畸变强度条件下,主动喷气能取得9.32%的失速裕度改善,与定常喷气相比,获得几乎相等的失速裕度改善的同时节省了约40%的喷气量。     

Prediction of the LISA-Pathfinder release mechanism in-flight performance

In the LISA Pathfinder mission, the grabbing positioning and release mechanism will perform a critical phase, which is the injection of a test mass into a perfect free-fall condition (also called geodesic trajectory). A possible failure is the test mass remaining adhered to the mechanism or released with an excessive velocity, which would hinder the subsequent capacitive control to the desired geodesic status.     

注塑件相似度计算方法

提出一种标准化的塑件相似度计算方法,塑件相似度由规范化的属性距离加权求和构成,并引入灵敏度系数对相似度、区分度进行调整。各权值按塑件各属性项对目标量的影响程度进行分配。所提出的算法可用于基于实例推理的注塑模设计中相似塑件的搜索与匹配。     

固体火箭发动机内流场解析解与数值解

对具有燃面减退的固体火箭发动机燃烧室头部的内流场进行了研究。以二维轴对称流动的不可压N-S方程为基础,介绍了解析方法,包括运用空间相似与时间相似原理简化N-S方程以及运用摄动法求解高阶微分方程。之后采用FLUENT软件中的动网格技术,对该问题进行了数值模拟。主要研究了在不同的燃面减退速率及注入雷诺数下,燃烧室头部区域的速度场,压力场及剪应力的分布。通过解析结果与数值结果的比较,发现两者基本吻合,增强了解析解的可信程度。