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151.
152.
M. F. Kessler 《Space Science Reviews》1995,74(1-2):57-65
The Infrared Space Observatory (ISO), a fully approved and funded project of the European Space Agency (ESA), is an astronomical satellite, which will operate at wavelengths from 2.5–240 m. ISO will provide astronomers with a unique facility of unprecedented sensitivity for a detailed exploration of the universe ranging from objects in the solar system right out to distant extragalactic sources. The satellite essentially consists of a large cryostat containing at launch over 2000 litres of superfluid helium to maintain the Ritchey-Chrétien telescope, the scientific instruments and the optical baffles at temperatures between 2 K and 8 K. The telescope has a 60-cm diameter primary mirror and is diffraction-limited at a wavelength of 5 m. A pointing accuracy of a few arc seconds is provided by a three-axis-stabilisation system consisting of reaction wheels, gyros and optical sensors. ISO's instrument complement consists of four instruments, namely: an imaging photo-polarimeter (2.5–240 m), a camera (2.5–17 m), a short wavelength spectrometer (3–45 m) and a long wavelength spectrometer (43–196 m). These instruments are being built by international consortia of scientific institutes and have been delivered to ESA for in-orbit operations. ISO will be launched in September 1995 by an Ariane 4 into an elliptical orbit (apogee 70000 km and perigee 1000 km) and will be operational for at least 18 months. In keeping with ISO's role as an observatory, the majority of its observing time is being made available to the general astronomical community via a Call for Observing Proposals. 相似文献
153.
F. -X. Désert 《Space Science Reviews》1995,74(1-2):157-162
The visible extragalactic background (though as yet undetected) is insufficient to explain the abundance of heavy elements in galaxies: either there should be some diffuse extragalactic light in the near infrared (from 1 to 10 m) and/or in the far infrared (100 m) if dust has reprocessed the star light. We propose a new space mission to be dedicated to the search and mapping of primordial stellar light from the visible to the mid-infrared (20 m). In this spectrum range, detectors have reached such a sensitivity that the mission should aim at being (source) photon noise limited, and not any longer background photon noise limited. For that purpose, a small passively cooled telescope with large format CCDs and CIDs could be sent beyond the zodiacal dust cloud (which is absent beyond a solar distance of about 3 AU). In that case, the only remaining foregrounds before reaching the extragalactic background, is due to the Milky Way integrated emission from stars and the diffuse galactic light due to scattering and emission by interstellar dust, which are all unavoidable. Maps of the extragalactic light could be obtained at the arcminute resolution with high signal to noise ratio. This mission is the next logical step after IRAS, COBE and ISO for the study of extragalactic IR backgrounds. It has been proposed as a possible medium-sized mission for the post-horizon 2000 ESA program that could be a piggy back of a planetary mission. 相似文献
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文章阐述了用于空间大气成分探测傅立叶变换红外光谱仪的国外发展状况,主要介绍了几种国外先进的高分辨率空间大气探测用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪的结构、应用范围和技术指标,比较了这几种设备的优缺点和技术特点。 相似文献
156.
本文考虑了红外辐射源腔内的镜反射成份,采用镜-漫混合反射模式,用蒙特卡罗法求定空腔的定向有效发射率。在通解的数学模型基础上,还针对500K双锥-圆筒热管空腔求得其典型解,分析了空腔辐射特性与锥角的关系。利用本文提供的方法也可计算其他腔形的辐射特性。 相似文献
157.
随着现代航天技术的发展 ,传统卫星开始向质量轻、体积小、任务单一、成本低廉、研制周期短、风险小、能快速灵活发射的微小型卫星发展 ,相应的对有效载荷也提出了微小型化的要求。作为有效载荷的重要部分 ,红外相机的微小型化更是有效载荷小型化的重点和难点。文章对小型红外相机的发展方向进行了论述 ,对红外相机的各个组成部分的小型化发展作了详细的介绍。 相似文献
158.
文章介绍了CBERS -1卫星红外多光谱扫描仪 (IRMSS)分系统的主要性能和基本组成 相似文献
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160.
红外寻制导的导弹只能探测跟踪目标(飞机)的热辐射中心,即发动机尾喷流中心。它离飞机质心有一段距离h,为了有效地杀伤目标,提高杀伤概率,必须使命中点前移一段距离h,为此我们对此进行了研究。本文导出了空间飞行时实现超前偏置的相对运动方程和导引律,并提出简化导引律方案,探讨了控制系统实现的方法。 相似文献