GNSS single frequency ionospheric range delay corrections: NeQuick data ingestion technique

A study of the performance of the NeQuick model and the Klobuchar model for GNSS single frequency range delay correction on a global scale was done using data for moderate solar activity. In this study NeQuick was used in the way intended for Galileo. This study is to assess the performance of the two models at each ionospheric geographic region during moderate solar activity as previously published studies were concentrated only on high solar activity. The results obtained showed that NeQuick outperformed Klobuchar for the whole year at the three geographical regions of the ionosphere. In terms of monthly root mean square of mismodeling, NeQuick outperformed Klobuchar by 15 TECU or more at low-latitudes, 5 TEC or more at mid-latitudes, and 1 TECU or more at high-latitudes.     

复合材料蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测的研究

 用数值模拟和实验研究了飞机蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测的规律。提出了蜂窝板积水检测的新型三维传热模型;用有限元法分析了近水检测、远水检测和立放检测3种检测模式下信息参数与积水量的关系;用脉冲热像实验验证了近水检测的基本规律。结果表明:在这3种检测模式下,最大温差和最大对比度与积水高度均呈非线性关系,随着积水高度的增加而增大。近水检测灵敏度最高,其次是蜂窝板立放检测,远水检测灵敏度最低。积水和富胶对表面温度的影响趋势一致,利用温差曲线或最大温差信息无法区分积水和富胶状态。根据可检信息参数与积水高度的关系曲线可以反向估计积水高度。这些研究结果为飞机蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测及评估提供了技术支持。     

Day-to-day variability of equatorial anomaly in GPS-TEC during low solar activity period

The ionospheric total electron content (TEC) in the northern hemispheric equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest region is investigated by using dual-frequency signals of the Global Positioning System (GPS) acquired from Rajkot (Geog. Lat. 22.29°N, Geog. Long. 70.74°E; Geom. Lat. 14.21°N, Geom. Long. 144.90°E), India. The day-to-day variability of EIA characteristics is examined during low solar activity period (F10.7∼83 sfu). It is found that the daily maximum TEC at EIA crest exhibits a day-to-day and strong semi-annual variability. The seasonal anomaly and equinoctial asymmetry in TEC at EIA is found non-existent and weaker, respectively. We found a moderate and positive correlation of daily magnitude of crest, Ic with daily F10.7 and EUV fluxes with a correlation coefficient of 0.43 and 0.33, respectively indicating an existence of a short-term relation between TEC at EIA and the solar radiation even during low solar activity period. The correlation of daily Ic with Dst index is also moderate (r = −0.35), whereas no correlation is found with the daily Kp index (r = 0.14) respectively. We found that the magnitude of EIA crest is moderately correlated with solar flux in all seasons except winter where it is weakly related (0.27). The magnitude of EIA crest is also found highly related with EEJ strength in spring (r = 0.69) and summer (r = 0.65) than autumn (0.5) and winter (r = 0.47), though EEJ is stronger in autumn than spring.     

Ionospheric disturbances on 8 September, 2010: Was it connected with the incoming moderate Chongqing earthquake?

Earthquake prediction stimulates the searches for a correlation between seismic activity and ionospheric anomalies. Contrary to common focuses on strong earthquakes, we report the ionospheric disturbances, 2 days before a moderate Ms = 4.7 Chongqing earthquake (29.4°N, 105.5°E, depth = 7.0 km, occurred at 21:21 LT, 10 September, 2010) with the data of ground-based ionosondes and IGS receivers. The data covering the period under the quiet geomagnetic conditions and a geomagnetic storm was analyzed with upper and lower bounds. It is found that there were significant enhancements of foF2 and total electron content (TEC) on the afternoon of 8 September, 2010, with a limited area close to the epicentre, which was different from the feature of ionospheric perturbations triggered by the geomagnetic storm on 15 September. Taking into account the heliogeomagnetical condition, we conclude that the observed ionospheric enhancements were very likely associated with the forthcoming moderate Chongqing earthquake, which implies that the relationship between the amplitudes of ionospheric disturbances and earthquakes is very complicated.     

关于廊坊市水资源保护的几点设想

本文首先介绍了廊坊市水资源保护的严峻形势,接着又以实现"三个转变"、构筑"四个体系"、做好"五项工作"谈了关于做好廊坊市水资源保护工作的几点设想。     

浆料固相含量对多孔氮化硅陶瓷结构和性能的影响

以琼脂糖作为凝胶物质,采用凝胶注模工艺制备了多孔氮化硅陶瓷,通过改变浆料的固相含量,制备了不同性能的多孔氮化硅陶瓷.结果表明,随着浆料的固相含量从35vol％增加到45vol％,材料的气孔率从57.6％减小至40.8％,弯曲强度从96 MPa增加到178 MPa;大量的长棒状β-Si3N4晶粒从孔壁上生长出来,将气孔填充,其生长方式为溶解-沉淀-析出与气-液-固两种生长机制协同作用的结果.长棒状的氮化硅晶须和恰当的界面结合强度是多孔氮化硅陶瓷具有较高强度的主要原因.     

Assessment of the NeQuick model at mid-latitudes using GNSS TEC and ionosonde data

The modelling of the total electron content (TEC) plays an important role in global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) accuracy, especially for single-frequency receivers, the most common ones constituting the mass market. For the latter and in the framework of Galileo, the NeQuick model has been chosen for correcting the ionospheric error contribution and will be integrated into a global algorithm providing the users with daily updated information.     

模拟地热水温度对镀锌钢管腐蚀与结垢的影响

针对地热水环境中金属管道常见的腐蚀与结垢问题,采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪等研究了不同温度的模拟地热水中镀锌钢管的腐蚀与结垢行为.结果表明:实验前期镀锌钢管的表面出现两种形貌("球"状和"针"状),不同温度的地热水中腐蚀与结垢产物的晶体形状不同,产物成分主要为Zn(OH)2,ZnO,CaCO3和MgCO3;镀锌钢管表面产物的分布对镀锌钢管在模拟地热水中的进一步腐蚀有一定程度的抑制;50℃地热水中的镀锌钢管表面的腐蚀坑面积较小,而在65℃和80℃地热水中腐蚀坑面积较大,镀锌钢管的腐蚀与结垢速度随地热水温度的升高而增大.     

涡轮排气液化循环发动机的能量分析

对涡轮排气液化循环发动机液化水的处置进行了研究。通过热力学分析获得了发动机性能的理论解,并利用热力计算进行验证。分析表明液态水直接排出发动机将导致约2%的比冲损失。分析了发动机各环节的能量传递,获得了燃烧室中心燃烧区焓增的理论表达式,可作为燃烧室性能的详细分析的基础。     

运输类飞机动力装置溅水试验技术

基于对中国民用航空局（CAAC）运输类飞机适航标准和美国联邦航空管理局（FAA）咨询通告的分析、解读,分别从工程试验与适航验证两个方面,研究了溅水试验程序、试验水池方案设计与滑行速度测量与控制技术,制定了符合适航标准体系的运输类飞机动力装置溅水试验审定程序,以ARJ21-700型支线飞机合格审定试飞为平台,完整进行了相关试验验证。结果表明:所设计的溅水试验程序合理可行,能够完整地验证运输类飞机在机场跑道积水环境下动力装置对适航标准体系的符合性;试飞结果表明CF34-10A发动机配装ARJ21-700型飞机在机场积水环境下起飞构型临界滑行速度为166.6 km/h,发动机风扇、压气机及动力涡轮前温度最大波动值分别为5.1%、1.7%和39 ℃;在飞机着陆构型下,发动机慢车状态相对于最大反推力状态工作稳定性较好,能够满足适航标准规定;项目形成溅水试验程序和技术为后续C919、C929等运输类飞机动力装置相关试验提供了直接的支持。