Thermosphere density and wind measurements in the equatorial region using a constellation of drag balance nanospacecraft

A mission for in situ thermosphere density and winds measurement is described, based on nanospacecraft equipped with a drag balance instrument (DBI) and a GPS receiver. The mission is based on nanosatellite clusters deployed in three orbital planes. In this study, clusters of 10 nanospacecraft are considered, leading to a mission based on a total of 30 nanospacecraft. The geometry analyzed is a symmetrical one, including an equatorial orbit and two orbits with the same inclination and opposing ascending nodes. The main idea is that, by combining the accurate information on the satellite inertial position and velocity provided by the GPS receiver and the drag acceleration intensity provided by the DBI, due to the orbits’ geometrical configuration, both atmospheric drag and wind can be resolved in a region close to the orbit nodes. Exploiting the Earth oblateness effect, a complete scan of the equatorial regions can be accomplished in the short mission lifetime typical of very low Earth orbit satellites, even in high solar activity peaks, when the expected nanospacecraft lifetime is about 40 days.     

航空发动机管路振动应力原位抑制试验

为解决航空发动机管路振动应力超限问题,提出航空发动机管路振动应力原位抑制概念,制定了管路振动应力原位抑制流程,提炼出基于管路基本管型、卡箍基本约束方式的振动应力原位抑制方法;结合发动机整机试验,对管路系统振动应力测试截面、试车程序进行了分析,并将所建立的分析流程和方法应用到某型发动机管路系统设计和试验中。结果表明:振动应力原位抑制后的管路系统承受住了实际工作环境的考验,验证了流程和方法的有效性;管路两端管接头焊接处、与附件相连接头处、刚性接地卡箍处,是应力较大的区域,应进行重点监控;采用3 min试车方案可在保证测量数据准确有效的前提下,降低测试成本并提高1倍的测试效率。管路振动应力原位抑制流程和方法可为航空发动机管路系统的设计、振动应力测试及抑制提供参考。     

参数化装配方法研究(英文)

参数化零件的装配是一个很复杂的问题。本文论述了以辅助线法生成的参数化零件为基础,交互输入定位关系、装配关系,通过平移、旋转等编辑操作功能,拼成装配图,实现了装配图与零件图的同步参数化驱动。文中对装配图的数据结构、装配过程实现的图形消隐等关键技术作了详细描述,并应用于实际工程,取得了良好效果.     

铝合金小直径薄壁管的全位置焊工艺研究

采用ＭＫ－２００全位置焊管机焊接小直径薄壁铝合金导管,必须解决好焊缝的表面成形和内部气孔问题。分析了气孔产生的原因,并提出了抑制气孔的措施。大量试验表明,采用加填充环和背保护气加压的方法可改善焊缝成形;通过严格的焊前清理、合理的参数设置等抑制气孔的工艺措施可获得理想的气孔合格率。     

颗粒增强金属基原位复合材料的制备技术回顾与展望

综述了国内外制备颗粒增强金属基复合材料的各种原位合成方法、工艺原理 ,并基于原位合成技术实现产业化的关键是优化工艺、降低成本的分析 ,对各种工艺的特点进行了探讨 ,在此基础上介绍了一种原位合成新工艺──反应稀释法。     

具有位置/力混合控制的虚拟装配模型

目前在虚拟环境的应用领域研究主要集中在视觉的逼真性方面,而力觉在交互过程中有着不可替代的作用.采用位置/力混合控制的方法,通过具有力反馈的数据手套在虚拟约束空间中装配虚拟物体可获得触觉效果,使操纵者感受到操纵的细腻过程,如同操纵者直接与物体相接触一样,达到了虚拟装配过程的临场感目的.结果表明,采用力控制技术可使零件的设计质量、装配速度得到显著提高.      

基于原位拉伸测定GTN损伤模型参数的5052铝合金成形极限应力图研究(英文)

传统成形极限图(FLD)由第一主应变与第二主应变的比值构成。但FLD依赖于成形历史和应变路径。因此,本文采用成形极限应力图(FLSD)来预测铝合金5052-O1(AA5052-O1)的成形极限。将修订的Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman(GTN)塑性势模型用来模拟Nakazima凸模胀形实验。采用带扫描电镜(SEM)的原位拉伸试验观察记录损伤演化过程以确定GTN模型中的材料参数。通过计算AA5052-O1三个损伤阶段的孔洞分数获得GTN模型参数。根据实验结果,原生孔洞体积分数、最大形核孔洞体积分数、临界孔洞体积分数,最终断裂孔洞体积分数分别为0.002918,0.0249,0.030103,0.04854。在断裂前最后一个载荷步获得的应力应变值用来绘制AA5052-O1的FLSD和FLD。与Nakazima凸模胀形试验和单轴拉伸试验结果相比较,预测结果与试验结果较为吻合。由原位拉伸试验确定的模型参数可用于研究韧性金属的成形极限。     

Initial design of laboratories for sustainable habitation

An effective and self-sustainable artificial habitat design is essential for human spaceflight and expansion of mankind into orbit or towards other celestial bodies. There are two approaches that need to be implemented in future sustainable habitats: the use of re-cycling technologies in order to gain experience in closed-loop processes and the primary production of resource materials using In Situ Resource Utilisation (ISRU) principles. Various products will be provided and, where applicable, recycled in such a system taking into account basic human factors requirements such as crew work load capacity, safety and well-being, namely:     

Development of a thin section device for space exploration: Overview and system performance estimates

In this paper we present a conceptual design of a spaceborne instrument for the in situ production of rock thin sections on planetary surfaces. The in situ Automated Rock Thin Section Instrument (IS-ARTS) conceptual design demonstrates that the in situ production of thin sections on a planetary body is a plausible new instrument capability for future planetary exploration. Thin section analysis would reduce much ambiguity in the geological history of a sampled site that is present with instruments currently flown. The technical challenge of producing a thin section device compatible with the spacecraft environment is formidable and has been thought too technically difficult to be practical. Terrestrial thin section preparation requires a skilled petrographist, several preparation instruments that individually exceed typical spacecraft mass and power limits, and consumable materials that are not easily compatible with spaceflight. In two companion papers we present research and development work used to constrain the capabilities of IS-ARTS in the technical space compatible with the spacecraft environment. For the design configuration shown we conclude that a device can be constructed that is capable of 50 sample preparations over a 2 year lifespan with mass, power, and volume constraints compatible with current landed Mars mission configurations. The technical requirements of IS-ARTS (mass, power and number of samples produced) depend strongly on the sample mechanical properties, sample processing rate, the sample size and number of samples to be produced.     

某型直升机传动轴装配同轴度校验方法研究

针对某型直升机制造与修理过程存在的技术状态差异，对某型直升机制造与修理过程中进行传动轴同轴度校验方法进行了对比分析，并基于某型直升机在使用过程中机身结构及各安装基准的技术状态所发生的变化，提出了提高传动轴同轴度装配质量的校验改进方法。