CFRP夹层结构超声特征成像检测

采用便携式超声特征成像检测系统全波列采集检测信号,通过对缺陷特征信号的提取和重构,实现自动识别,可适用于曲面等不规则面的检测,定量精度达到0.1 mm。实验结果表明低频窄带超声换能器能够减小铜网对声波的衰减和畸变,超声特征成像层析成像方法可以对表面铜网结构CFRP泡沫夹层中分层、冲击和脱粘缺陷进行识别并精确定位和定量。检测方法快捷准确、重复性好、可靠性高。     

凸轮式跌落冲击台的原理与调整

阐述了凸轮式跌落冲击台的结构原理、力学性质、冲击参数与其调整方法。凸轮式跌落冲击台产生的次冲击能够影响试件的测试参数并能引起试件的疲劳损伤,说明了消除次冲击的方法。     

聚氨酯/聚乙烯水袋无伞空投跌落仿真

基于Abaqus软件中的拉格朗日-欧拉耦合算法,对一种双层聚氨酯/聚乙烯水袋50 m高空无伞空投跌落冲击过程进行数值仿真,并对聚乙烯材料的厚度进行参数化研究。重点分析水袋以水平、垂直和45°倾斜姿态冲击地面时袋体的瞬态应力、位移变化以及破损情况。通过与已有实验数据的对比验证了该数值方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,2 mm聚乙烯/0.5 mm聚氨酯层可以抵御水平姿态冲击但无法抵御垂直姿态冲击,水体对袋体侧面的剧烈拉伸是引起水袋破裂的主要原因。进一步优化发现,4 mm聚乙烯/0.5 mm聚氨酯层可以抵御水袋沿水平、垂直及45°倾斜姿态冲击地面,保证水袋的跌落安全性。结果表明,本文的计算方法可以应用于针对无伞空投的液体及固体食品包装材料的参数化设计。     

New findings and appraisal of structural control on polygonal impact crater rim-geometry,a study from Mare Fecunditatis,Moon

Polygonal Impact Craters (PICs), having a distinct polygonal rim geometry, are common on terrestrial planets, their natural satellites such as Earth’s Moon and the asteroids. The straight segments of PIC-rims are arguably subparallel or oblique to existing fracture/fault planes in their vicinity, and such pre-existing structural weak planes are considered responsible for the shape of the PICs. The Mare Fecunditatis, a lunar maria, preserves mappable PICs as well as different geomorphic features like wrinkle ridges, grabens and pit crater chains which owe their origin to either compressional or extensional faulting. To understand the structural control, if any, on the PIC-rim geometry in Mare Fecunditatis, PICs, both simple and complex, and the deformational features are mapped, superposition relations between them are observed and trends are compared. The comparison between frequency of rim segment trends of the two types of PICs with wrinkle ridges, grabens and pit crater chains, and also statistical correlation between them, interestingly indicate that the wrinkle ridges and grabens are found to have negligible or no influence on the rim geometry of the PICs. Wrinkle ridges, known to be a group of the Mare Fecunditatis' oldest deformation features, are older than most of the preserved craters and are likely to have had control over the PIC shape. However, lack of correlation between the trends of wrinkle ridges and PIC rims indicates that most of the craters were formed after the fractures beneath the old wrinkle ridges ceased to act as mechanical discontinuity planes due to possible induration caused by fracture-filling through concomitant and later magma injection. The PICs dispersed throughout the maria could have avoided the influence of the grabens, the majority of which are located near the margin of the maria. Pit crater chains with possible deep roots and still/recently continued dike activities, were the only available weak planes which could influence the PIC rim shapes.     

航空发动机法兰接触热阻特性实验研究

通过搭建法兰接触热阻实验台，在法兰间隙0～0.75 mm、螺栓拧紧力矩20～40 N·m参数范围内，测量不同材料机匣多个轴向位置的壁温来获得通过法兰的热流，得到法兰的接触热阻、单位接触热导。分析了法兰间隙、螺栓拧紧力矩对法兰接触热阻特性的影响。研究结果表明随着法兰间隙的增加，接触热阻呈线性增加，最大增加0.03 K/W，单位接触热导先迅速减小，后趋于平缓，最大降低了10 744.2 W/(K·m2)，约94.5%；随着拧紧力矩的增加，接触热阻减小，最大降低了22.1%。     

落角与视场约束制导控制一体化策略

针对考虑视场(FOV)约束和落角约束的高超声速飞行器高精度打击问题，提出一种基于自适应动态规划(ADP)的新型制导控制一体化(IGC)策略。首先设计一种融合视场角与落角约束的视场角指令，在视场角精确跟踪的同时实现精确命中并满足两种约束，从而将约束问题转化为跟踪问题；然后，借助干扰观测技术估计制导控制一体化模型中不确定性并引入到性能指标设计中，又同时将视场角约束与落角约束考虑进去，设计基于自适应动态规划的制导控制一体化方法。利用ADP的强化学习思想求解出最优控制策略，既保证高超声速飞行器的精准打击，又满足视场角约束与落角约束，而且兼顾了对不确定性的鲁棒性。仿真结果验证了本文所提方法的有效性与优势。     

攻击角度约束下的分布式强化学习制导方法

为提高导弹在攻击角度约束下对目标的打击效能，提出了一种基于深度确定性策略梯度算法的分布式强化学习制导策略。为了最大限度地减小攻击角度误差，设计了一种新的奖励函数，使导弹在满足视场角约束的同时，视线角向期望值收敛。此外，为了增强强化学习模型的泛化能力，提出了一种分布式探索策略，提高了模型训练过程中对环境的探索效率。仿真结果验证了所提出的分布式强化学习制导方法能够在固定攻击角度约束下实现对目标的精准打击。与传统制导律相比，所提制导方法的攻击角度误差更小，收敛速度更快。     

FSW和VP-TIG焊接箱底的力学特征分析

针对纵缝采用搅拌摩擦焊、环缝采用VP-TIG熔焊工艺的箱底进行液压试验,并在试验过程中监测各典型焊缝位置的应变响应,结果显示箱底上搅拌摩擦焊缝和熔焊焊缝交叉形成的"T"型接头区域在试验中最先进入屈服,说明该位置材料的屈服强度较低,是箱底承载的薄弱环节。     

MoSi2-YSZ高发射涂层对硅橡胶基防热材料的隔热及抗热振性能影响

制备了MoSi₂-YSZ复合硅橡胶基辐射型热防护涂层，并对其耐烧蚀性能和抗热振性能进行了表征。结果表明：与传统烧蚀型涂层相比，辐射型涂层在0.3～2.5μm波段发射率达到0.93以上，且静态热流测试背板温升降低60%，热振测试背板温升降低30%。辐射型涂层在热振测试中由于辐射散热机制表现出对温度响应的迟滞性，使得背板温度变化率的峰值降低40%。MoSi₂氧化形成的致密氧化层具有良好的保护性和自愈合性，从而提高了涂层的耐烧蚀和抗热振性能。