浅议邦达至拉萨航线的放行工作

高原机场由于其特殊的地理环境导致了特殊的恶劣的气象环境,使得航空公司对此类航线的运行控制难度很大。本文通过对邦达-拉萨航线上天气、跑道道面、航行通告等方面的分析,阐述邦达-拉萨这条特殊的高原-高原航线的运行特点和运行控制的难点。     

利用NOAA资料确定我国华东地区积冰高度层的方法研究

建立积冰概率模型,利用NOAA提供的温度、相对湿度资料,计算华东地区积冰高度范围及概率。结果表明:山东、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建六省冬季积冰高度层均出现在1 000至500 hPa,夏季均出现在600至400 hPa;冬季和夏季积冰概率最大,春季和秋季次之;积冰概率在33°N附近达到最大值,该纬度以北积冰概率随纬度增加而减弱,以南随纬度的减小而增加,且出现积冰的可能性较以北更大;冬季积冰概率大于50%,最大可达到76.4%;春季积冰概率大于40%,最大可达到72.7%;夏季积冰概率大于50%,最大可达到67.9%;秋季积冰概率大于40%,最大可达到53%。     

Experimental study of an anti-icing method over an airfoil based on pulsed dielectric barrier discharge plasma

Aircraft icing has long been a plague to aviation for its serious threat to flight safety. Even though lots of methods for anti-icing have been in use or studied for quite a long time, new methods are still in great demand for both civil and military aircraft. The current study in this paper uses widely used Dielectric Barrier Discharge(DBD) plasma actuation to anti-ice on a NACA0012 airfoil model with a chord length of 53.5 cm in a closed-circuit icing wind tunnel. An actuator was installed at the leading edge of the airfoil model, and actuated by a pulsed low-temperature plasma power source. The actuator has two types of layout, a striped electrode layout and a meshy electrode layout.The ice accretion process or anti-icing process was recorded by a CCD camera and an infrared camera. Instantaneous pictures and infrared contours show that both types of DBD plasma actuators have the ability for anti-ice under a freestream velocity of 90 m/s, a static temperature of -7℃,an Median Volume droplet Diameter(MVD) of 20 lm, and an Liquid Water Content(LWC) of 0.5 g/m~3. The detected variations of temperatures with time at specific locations reveal that the temperatures oscillate for some time after spraying at first, and then tend to be nearly constant values.This shows that the key point of the anti-icing mechanism with DBD plasma actuation is to achieve a thermal equilibrium on the model surface. Besides, the power consumption in the anti-icing process was estimated in this paper by Lissajous figures measured by an oscilloscope, and it is lower than those of existing anti-icing methods. The experimental results presented in this paper indicate that the DBD plasma anti-icing method is a promising technique in the future.     

民用飞机RAT发电机自然结冰环境飞行试验研究

为了检验某型飞机RAT发电机在自然结冰环境下能否正常释放和供电,对该RAT发电机自然结冰试飞进行研究。首先,阐述RAT发电机进行自然结冰试飞的原因、目的以及民用航空标准对自然结冰环境的要求;其次,介绍RAT发电机自然结冰的试飞方法;最后,对试飞结果进行分析。结果表明:RAT发电机自然结冰环境条件满足适航规章要求,能够在可预期的自然结冰环境下实现手动释放功能且供电功能正常。     

叶型结冰计算及流场分析

叶型结冰会改变叶型原有的气动外形,影响气动特性。采用 FENSAP-ICE软件对 NACA0012翼型的 结冰进行数值计算,并与试验结果进行对比验证;对压气机进口导叶叶型进行二维结冰计算,并对数值计算结 果进行流场分析。结果表明:明冰对叶型的气动性能影响大于毛冰,叶型气动特性的衰退主要受分离区中上分 离涡的影响,叶型前缘上翘的明冰引起叶型尾部分离区域面积增大,强烈的分离涡导致结冰后叶型压力损失 增大。     

Conceptual design and preliminary experiment of icing risk management and protection system

Icing is one of the main external environmental factors that causes aircraft to lose control. The flight safety assurance system under icing condition is particularly important. However,most of the systems do not consider the coupling characteristics of aerodynamics and flight dynamics of icing aircraft. This will affect the accuracy of the calculation results. Besides, the icing risk management system helps the pilot to realize the possible dangers in advance and perform correct maneuvers, base...     

FY-1C/D极轨气象卫星的运行和应用

简要介绍了风云一号(FY-1)C，D极轨气象卫星的运行情况。运行期间，在洪涝、火情、干旱和积雪等自然灾害的监测服务，沙尘暴、大雾和海冰等环境监测服务，全球资料应用，以及天气分析方面发挥了重要的作用．并可提供气象卫星数据的共享服务。两星在大范围自然灾害监测和评估等领城取得了显著的社会和经济效益，并在国内国际产生了重大影响。     

气象卫星在暴雨和强对流天气系统监测和短时天气预报中的应用

简要地介绍了气象卫星,特别是地球静止气象卫星图象资料在强对流风暴(雷雨大风和冰雹)和暴雨两大类灾害性天气系统的监测和短时预报中的作用、地位和应用情况;同时,还扼要地给出了利用卫星资料研究这两类天气系统所取得的部分成果;最后讨论了利用气象卫星监测降水的重要性及其现状。     

直线度误差计算方法探讨

通过实际测量机床导轨的直线度误差,对直线度误差计算的五种方法进行了比较,得出了各种方法在计算准确度、计算时间、算法及编程等方面的区别,同时得出了各种方法的使用条件。     

直升机防冰技术研究

根据直升机的自然结冰条件,研究了云层液态水含量、水珠平均有效直径和大气温度等要素对直升机结冰的影响;同时论述了直升机旋翼无防冰设备民政部下各要素对直升机性能的影响,以及具备防冰能力的直升机必须的结冰试验项目与内容;根据国外直升机结冰试验结果,提出了旋翼防冰设计应考虑的因素,可供直升机防水设计和试验时参考。