超临界态碳氢燃料流固耦合传热及热裂解的计算方法研究

为深入研究主动再生冷却机理,采用固体热传导方程和流体控制方程,建立了超临界态碳氢燃料耦合传热及热裂解的数值方法。对两种实验状态下电加热管内RP-3航空煤油的耦合传热及热裂解过程进行了计算研究,其中RP-3的热裂解反应由包含1个总体反应和23个二次反应的Modified Kumar-Kunzru反应机理模拟。两种状态下计算得到的外壁温、燃料温度、RP-3裂解率以及裂解产物分布与测量值的最大误差分别小于10%和15%。计算与实验结果吻合较好,表明建立的数值方法是准确的,可以作为研究超临界态碳氢燃料耦合传热及热裂解特性的有效计算分析工具。     

生物航煤对飞机油箱密封胶性能影响研究

研究利用餐饮余油,采用脂肪酸加氢工艺合成的生物燃料组分对飞机油箱密封胶性能的影响.实验结果表明,重铬酸盐固化聚硫密封胶和锰固化聚硫密封胶在生物燃料组分93℃的环境温度中浸泡28 d后,其硬度明显增加,断裂伸长率明显减小,体积出现较大收缩.当生物燃料组分与传统喷气燃料按照50/50体积比掺混后,重铬酸盐固化聚硫密封胶体积膨胀率从-3.0％增加到-0.5％,而锰固化聚硫密封胶体积膨胀率从-6.7％增加到-5％.其各自的硬度、断裂伸长率也均发生了明显变化.     

固体燃料冲压发动机燃速理论分析与数值模拟

从理论和数值模拟两方面探讨了固体燃料冲压发动机 (SFRJ)燃速影响因素, 给出了平均燃速与入口空气流量、空气温度以及燃烧室压强之间的指数关系式, 同时考虑了燃速沿轴向的变化。与实验数据的比较表明, 本文提出的模拟方法是正确而且可靠的。所得结果对于固体燃料冲压发动机设计和实验均具有一定指导意义。      

吸热型碳氢燃料的量热研究

对不同结构组成的吸热型碳氢燃料在不同工作温度下的热沉进行了测定和研究,并在此基础上,研制开发了一种性能较好的ＮＪ－１５０碳氢燃料,并测定了其有关的理化性质和热沉,实验结果表明ＮＪ－１５０是一种很有发展前途的吸热型碳氢燃料。     

Review of atomization mechanism and spray characteristics of a liquid jet in supersonic crossflow

The injection and atomization process of a liquid fuel jet is critical for an ignition start of a scramjet engine. Airwall-mounted crossflow injection strategy is widely used in scramjet combustors, avoiding high total pressure loss and allowing the liquid fuel to rapidly undergo atomization, mixing, and evaporation. In this review, research progress on a liquid jet in supersonic crossflow was evaluated from aspects of atomization mechanism and spray characteristics. When a liquid jet is injected into a supersonic crossflow, primary and secondary breakups occur successively. The surface instability of liquid can significantly affect the breakup process. This review discusses the current understanding of the breakup process and spray characteristics of a liquid jet in supersonic crossflow including the mechanism of atomization and the characteristics of distribution and atomization. The development of windward Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) unstable waves is the main factor in column breakup. The development of Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) unstable waves along the circumferential direction of the jet or droplets is the main factor of surface and droplet breakups. The liquid–gas momentum ratio is the most important factor affecting the penetration depth. The span width of the liquid jet is affected by the windward area. Breakup and coalescence lead to a transformation of the size distribution of droplets from S- or C-shaped to I-shaped, and the velocity distribution of the droplets on the central symmetry plane has a mirrored S-shape. The droplet distribution on the spanwise cross-section retains a structure similar to an “Ω” shape. At last, some promising recommendations have been proposed, namely a theoretical predictive model which can describe the breakup mechanism of a liquid jet, the distribution characteristics and droplets size distribution of a liquid jet under a cavity combustion chamber, especially for enthalpy flows with complex wave structures.     

可压缩管流中真实气体效应的理论分析与数值模拟

为研究超燃冲压发动机冷却通道内复杂碳氢燃料的可压缩流动特性及相关影响因素,本文在典型工况条件下讨论了超声速膨胀流中真实气体效应的影响。基于平衡热力学理论,明确了气体动力学基础导数对可压缩流动的关键影响,并从气体动力学基础导数的角度出发考察了多种碳氢燃料在临界点附近的特性。同时,在数值模拟程序中耦合了立方型状态方程以准确描述超临界碳氢燃料的热物性参数。最后,对超临界条件下的二维超声速膨胀流进行了数值模拟,捕捉到了超声速扩张管道流动中马赫数下降的现象并揭示了其相应的物理机制。此外,参考发动机冷却通道内的典型工况条件,系统考察了不同入口马赫数、压力与温度等不同来流条件下真实气体效应的影响规律。