A heuristic cabin-type component alignment method based on multi-source data fusion

In cabin-type component alignment, digital measurement technology is usually adopted to provide guidance for assembly. Depending on the system of measurement, the alignment process can be divided into measurement-assisted assembly (MAA) and force-driven assembly. In MAA, relative pose between components is directly measured to guide assembly, while in force-driven assembly, only contact state can be recognized according to measured six-dimensional force and torque (6D F/T) and the process is completed based on preset assembly strategy. Aiming to improve the efficiency of force-driven cabin-type component alignment, this paper proposed a heuristic alignment method based on multi-source data fusion. In this method, measured 6D F/T, pose data and geometric information of components are fused to calculate the relative pose between components and guide the movement of pose adjustment platform. Among these data types, pose data and measured 6D F/T are combined as data set. To collect the data sets needed for data fusion, dynamic gravity compensation method and hybrid motion control method are designed. Then the relative pose calculation method is elaborated, which transforms collected data sets into discrete geometric elements and calculates the relative poses based on the geometric information of components. Finally, experiments are conducted in simulation environment and the results show that the proposed alignment method is feasible and effective.     

HCKF性能评估及其在传递对准中的应用

针对高阶容积卡尔曼滤波(HCKF)算法在传递对准中的应用问题，提出综合运用多变量函数泰勒级数展开和计算复杂度分析的性能评估方法。基于高阶球面-径向容积准则建立HCKF算法模型，并对其估计精度和计算量进行量化和对比分析：HCKF具有5阶泰勒级数展开精度且计算复杂度为O(n 4)，综合性能优于高斯厄米特积分滤波(GHQF)和无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)。将三种非线性滤波算法应用到舰机大失准角传递对准系统中，摇摆台试验结果表明：HCKF的估计精度比UKF高17%，计算量比GHQF小2个数量级，与HCKF性能评估结果一致。     

基于地轴矢量解算的SINS无纬度支持自对准方法

针对无纬度条件下SINS初始对准问题，提出了一种基于地轴矢量解算的对准方法。在静止基座下，利用陀螺仪敏感地轴矢量，直接建立导航系轴向矢量在载体系的正交投影，解析式确定姿态矩阵；晃动基座条件下，根据惯性系重力矢量观测，构建以地轴矢量为旋转轴的两组等角旋转矢量序列，利用QUEST算法求解旋转四元数实现对地轴矢量的优化解算，并以此建立导航系轴向矢量的载体惯性系投影，最后利用陀螺跟踪载体系相对惯性系的变化，确定载体系相对导航系的姿态关系。静止基座解算实验表明直接解析式对准与传统的解析式对准精度相当，但解算效率得到了提高；晃动基座仿真与船载实验均表明基于四元数的地轴矢量优化解算在精度上要优于三矢量几何解算方法，引入低通滤波环节后，对准精度进一步提高。     

带单轴稳定惯导系统的初始对准

 一、概述 带单轴稳定的惯导系统是一种为避免或减小对陀螺进动角速率动态范围要求过大,而以现有挠性陀螺为基础构成的混合式惯导系统。在这种系统中,由于有一个可以任意控制转动的稳定轴,使实现对准的方法也具有一定的特点。例如可采用的方案之一是,把稳定轴锁定,利用与纯捷联式系统相类似的方法实现对准;另一种方案则是,使惯件测量部件的横向轴围绕稳定轴调平,然后再采用闭环或开环方式估计方位角和俯仰姿     

基于正逆向导航解算的捷联罗经动基座对准研究

针对基于正逆向导航解算的捷联罗经动基座对准实时性弱的问题,基于姿态补偿对准方法,采用一次性姿态补偿和接续姿态更新两种补偿方法设计了一种新的算法,并进行了仿真试验。通过仿真试验验证,全循环法和半循环法均能在同等参数和时间条件下提高对准精度,对比常规捷联罗经对准方法,缩短了对准时间。针对粗对准误差过大导致精对准时间延长的问题,提出了正逆向二级变参数配置方法,减少了对准时间。     

Unscented粒子滤波在静基座捷联惯导系统大方位失准角初始对准中的应用研究

 静基座大方位失准角的捷联惯导系统误差方程是非线性的，Unscented粒子滤波从非线性系统状态向量概率分布出发，结合Unscented卡尔曼滤波和粒子滤波的特点，无需对非线性系统模型进行处理而能达到较高的滤波精度。本文对Unscented粒子滤波进行了研究，并结合重采样算法，运用于捷联惯导系统静基座大方位失准角初始对准中，计算结果验证了该方法的有效性与优越性。     

共轴式无人直遥测自适应帧同步器及性能分析

某共轴式双旋翼无人直升机(简称无人直)遥测帧同步器以EPROM完成帧同步图样的相关检测,以软件实现帧同步逻辑和各种控制,以FPGA构成外围电路,能够自动适应无人机在不同工作状态下传送不同帧长和不同格式的遥测数据,并能支持较高的码速率(可达4 Mbps).通过性能分析,优化设计了各种帧同步参数.经过试飞,证明该遥测帧同步器性能良好,工作稳定,符合设计要求.     

多通道投影图像的几何自动拼接技术

以低端摄像头产品为测量元件构造了实用的可扩展的多通道投影图像自动拼接系统;利用二次校准方法细化求解一致性矩阵,在投影屏幕上实现了多通道投影图像间的几何无缝拼接;特征图案的正确选择和二次校准方法最大限度地降低了摄像头性能对校准精度的影响;在满足相邻投影图像有重叠区域和摄像头能拍摄到重叠区域两个基本条件时,系统可实现自动拼接校准.实验表明,二次校准方法使校准时间明显缩短,使校准精度达到了亚像素级;低端摄像头、高效率的特征提取方法和一致性矩阵求解算法使系统扩展成本大大降低.      

机载导弹空中二次快速传递对准方法研究

针对机载导弹GPS/SINS组合导航系统,提出了一种空中动基座二次快速传递对准方法。该方法在对准第1阶段采用速度加姿态变化量匹配方法,主要完成航向对准,同时初步进行水平对准;在对准第2阶段采用速度匹配方法,其任务是在第1次传递对准的基础上,进一步完成水平对准。第2次传递对准可在数秒钟之内完成,因而缩短了携弹对准飞行时间。第2次的水平对准摆脱了机翼挠性变形的影响,提高了水平对准精度。仿真结果表明了方法的有效性。     

An optimal beam alignment method for large-scale distributed space surveillance radar system

Large-scale distributed space surveillance radar is a very important ground-based equipment to maintain a complete catalogue for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) space debris. However, due to the thousands of kilometers distance between each sites of the distributed radar system, how to optimally implement the Transmitting/Receiving (T/R) beams alignment in a great space using the narrow beam, which proposed a special and considerable technical challenge in the space surveillance area. According to the common coordinate transformation model and the radar beam space model, we presented a two dimensional projection algorithm for T/R beam using the direction angles, which could visually describe and assess the beam alignment performance. Subsequently, the optimal mathematical models for the orientation angle of the antenna array, the site location and the T/R beam coverage are constructed, and also the beam alignment parameters are precisely solved. At last, we conducted the optimal beam alignment experiments base on the site parameters of Air Force Space Surveillance System (AFSSS). The simulation results demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of our novel method, which can significantly stimulate the construction for the LEO space debris surveillance equipment.