超声速气流中凹槽结构煤油喷射和掺混研究

针对凹槽超声速气流中的喷射掺混现象开展了实验和数值计算研究。实验中采用了高速阴影法和PLIF(Plane laser induced fluorescence)方法详细地记录了实验现象。结合高速阴影得到的喷射和掺混随时间的流动变化过程,分析了其流动结构和机理。针对在凹槽内喷射的方案研究了喷射压力(1.0 MPa,3.0 MPa,4.0 MPa)、喷射角度(45°,90°)、来流总压和马赫数对掺混的影响。结果表明:在高速气流中,煤油破碎雾化机理依赖于大速度差、强剪切气流作用。煤油雾化区和来流空气混合边界存在涡结构。对小孔(d=0.4 mm)喷射,即使在高压(4.0 MPa)垂直喷射条件下,煤油射流产生的弓形激波强度也较弱。由于剪切层的存在导致上述参数变化对煤油穿透深度的影响较小。     

高速铣削TC21 钛合金的表面粗糙度

通过对TC21钛合金进行高速铣削加工试验,测量不同切削参数下的表面粗糙度.采用正交方法来安排试验和极差分析法对实验数据处理,分析了不同切削参数对粗糙度的影响.其中对TC21钛合金表面粗糙度影响最为显著的因素是每齿进给量,其次为切削深度和切削速率,最后为切削宽度.通过对粗糙度影响机理分析在加工中宜采用较小的进给量和切削深度、较大的切削速率和切削宽度.     

Experimental study on impact of roller imbalance on cage stability

This study presents a method for measuring the imbalance in a small-sized cylindrical roller. The roller imbalance was calibrated on the built static-pressure-air flotation measurement machine. The impact of the roller imbalance on the dynamic characteristics of a cage were then studied on the aero-bearing test rig. The displacement spectrums with different roller imbalance of the obtained cage orbits under various bearing speed and radial load were used to evaluate the cage stability. The results show that the cage cannot form a stable operating state at a lower bearing speed with or without the unbalanced rollers. The cage with balanced rollers gradually develops stable motion with the increase of the bearing speed. The existence of a small roller imbalance causes the stability of the cage to deteriorate. With an increase in the bearing speed and radial load, the cage with the unbalanced rollers runs unsteadily accompanied by a high-frequency vibration when the roller imbalance is large enough. The vibration amplitude of the cage in the horizontal direction is greater than that in the vertical direction during an unstable operation, which is similar in the stable status.     

无人机气液压弹射装置的关键系统设计

无人机气液压弹射起飞是国际上一种先进的无人机发射技术。无人机气液压弹射装置是由许多关键系统组成，其中包括气液压能源系统、滑轮增速系统、滑行小车系统、卸荷控制系统、缓冲吸能系统等等，本文对几个关键系统的设计作了详细的介绍和讨论。本文的研究成果已成功应用于某型无人机系统的研制，也可为其它高速运动机械的设计提供新的思路和方法。     

空间双组元发动机离心式喷注器的喷注流场诊断技术研究

对空间双组元发动机核心部件喷注器的喷雾流场可视化诊断技术开展了研究,有效识别了传统分析手段难以发现的雾化场缺陷,对发动机工作特性进行早期诊断,实现故障预防和设计优化.离心式喷注器的雾化喷注流场包含了大量的数据信息,可以通过高速摄影和图像分析进行数据挖掘分析.通过均值图像和余弦相似性计算对喷注流场的空间分布结构进行诊断,...     

考虑粗糙效应的航空高速滚子轴承动态模拟

耦合高速滚动轴承动力学理论和部分弹性流体动力润滑（PEHL）理论,提出了考虑轴承元件表面粗糙效应的高速滚动轴承动态特性分析方法。分析结果表明,轴承元件表面粗糙度和表面粗糙纹理方向对高速轴承的动力学特性有较大的影响,提高轴承元件表面加工质量可以抑制高速轴承元件在运行中出现的动态不稳定性现象;实验工作不仅支持了本文的分析,而且支持了高速滚动轴承是在混合润滑状态下工作的结论。      

双线圈高速开关阀的水击特性验证

高速开关阀是航天领域动力系统的关键元件,需要具备高频响和高可靠性。然而,高速开关阀的开关特性会使系统产生水击现象,降低系统的可靠性,尤其是在高速开关阀高频切换过程中会产生更多的水击压力波,致使系统中的水击变得更加复杂。因此,采用仿真和实验相结合的方法对不同频率下水击压力脉动的变化进行分析,最终通过对数据时域和频域的分析,发现了高速开关阀的水击压力脉动规律,研究结果可在航天动力系统中应用。     

Chatter stability and precision during high-speed ultrasonic vibration cutting of a thin-walled titanium cylinder

Titanium alloys are widely used in the aviation and aerospace industries due to their unique mechanical and physical properties. Specifically, thin-walled titanium (Ti) cylinders have received increasing attention for their applications as rocket engine casings, aircraft landing gear, and aero-engine hollow shaft due to their observed improvement in the thrust-to-weight ratio. However, the conventional cutting (CC) process is not appropriate for thin-walled Ti cylinders due to its low thermal conductivity, high strength, and low stiffness. Instead, high-speed ultrasonic vibration cutting (HUVC) assisted processing has recently proved highly effective for Ti-alloy machining. In this study, HUVC technology is employed to perform external turning of a thin-walled Ti cylinder, which represents a new application of HUVC. First, the kinematics, tool path, and dynamic cutting thickness of HUVC are evaluated. Second, the phenomenon of mode-coupling chatter is analyzed to determine the effects and mechanism of HUVC by establishing a critical cutting thickness model. HUVC can increase the critical cutting thickness and effectively reduce the average cutting force, thus reducing the energy intake of the system. Finally, comparison experiments are conducted between HUVC and CC processes. The results indicate that the diameter error rate is 10% or less for HUVC and 51% for the CC method due to a 40% reduction in the cutting force. In addition, higher machining precision and better surface roughness are achieved during thin-walled Ti cylinder manufacturing using HUVC.     

微波超宽带高速数控幅度调节器研制

微波频率源技术中常常要求实现微波输出信号功率电平的高精度、小步进调控。作为频率合成器中的重要组成部分, 微波功率幅度控制器的指标好坏对微波频率合成器的功率性能的优劣有很大影响。随着使用要求的不断提升，频率合成器等设备对带宽、速度的要求也越来越高。本文概述了微波超宽带高速幅度控制的背景及现状，详细介绍了微波超宽带高速数控幅度调节器设计原理、设计方法、实现手段及实现指标等内容。