尺度效应下大功率伺服电机再生冷却通道超临界态甲烷传热特性研究

针对飞行器电动执行机构的大功率伺服电机强化散热问题,建立了不同尺度的电机缠绕式螺旋管再生冷却通道数值模型,对超临界态甲烷在尺度效应影响下的传热特性和机理进行研究,探讨了不同尺度冷却通道中超临界态甲烷所受重力浮升力和离心浮升力对传热性能的影响.结果表明,离心浮升力及重力浮升力均受到超临界态甲烷热物性剧烈变化的影响;在相同...     

热处理温度对硬铬镀层性能的影响

研究了热处理温度对硬铬镀层性能的影响.发现经过200～300℃1*#h热处理,镀层硬度明显提高,耐磨性得到改善,但硬度和耐磨性的最优点对应不同的热处理温度.对镀层XPS分析表明,热处理过的镀层中有有机碳化物析出.对镀层的EDAX分析表明,热处理使镀层表面氧含量增高,但对镀层微裂纹数量和宽度没有明显影响.对镀层的XRD实验结果表明,热处理后镀层的晶体结构未发生改变.     

Recent active thermal management technologies for the development of energy-optimized aerospace vehicles in China

Recently, the development of modern vehicles has brought about aggressive integration and miniaturization of on-board electrical and electronic devices. It will lead to exponential growth in both the overall waste heat and heat flux to be dissipated to maintain the devices within a safe temperature range. However, both the total heat sinks aboard and the cooling capacity of currently utilized thermal control strategy are severely limited, which threatens the lifetime of the on-board equipment and even the entire flight system and shrink the vehicle’s flight time and range. Facing these thermal challenges, the USA proposed the program of “INVENT” to maximize utilities of the available heat sinks and enhance the cooling ability of thermal control strategies. Following the efforts done by the USA researchers, scientists in China fought their ways to develop thermal management technologies for Chinese advanced energy-optimized airplanes and spacecraft. This paper elaborates the available on-board heat sinks and aerospace thermal management systems using both active and passive technologies not confined to the technology in China. Subsequently, active thermal management technologies in China including fuel thermal management system, environment control system, non-fuel liquid cooling strategy are reviewed. At last, space thermal control technologies used in Chinese Space Station and Chang’e-3 and to be used in Chang’e-5 are introduced. Key issues to be solved are also identified, which could facilitate the development of aerospace thermal control techniques across the world.     

Design of nanofluid-cooled heat sink using topology optimization

The paper presented topology optimization of 2D and 3D Nanofluid-Cooled Heat Sink (NCHS). The flow and heat transfer problem in the NCHS was treated as a single-phase nanofluid based convective heat transfer model. The temperature-dependent fluid properties were taken into account in the model due to the strong temperature-dependent features of nanofluids. An average temperature minimum problem was studied subject to the fluid area and energy dissipation constraints by using the density method. In the method, the design variable is updated according to the gradient information obtained by an adjoint based sensitivity analysis process. The effects of the energy dissipation constraint, temperature-dependent fluid properties and nanofluid characteristics on optimal configurations of NCHS were numerically investigated with following conclusions. Firstly, branched flow channels in the optimal configuration increased with the rise of the allowed energy dissipation. Secondly, temperature-dependent fluid properties were significant for obtaining the appropriate optimal results with best cooling performance. Thirdly, heat transfer performances of optimal configurations were enhanced by reducing the nanoparticle diameter or increasing the nanoparticle volume fraction. Fourthly, the optimal configuration for nanofluid had better cooling performance than that for its base fluid.     

粉煤灰颗粒增强铝基复合材料的耐磨性研究

以粒度为80μm的粉煤灰为增强相,粒度为30μm的铝粉为基体,采用粉末冶金法成功制备了粉煤灰颗粒增强铝基复合材料。经SEM、金相显微镜等分析手段对制备的复合材料进行组织观察,并对其进行耐磨性测试。结果表明,粉煤灰含量为20%,烧结温度为650℃时,相对损率最小为0.1590%。随着粉煤灰含量和保压时间的增加,试样的耐磨性逐渐升高,随着烧结温度升高,试样的耐磨性呈现出先升高后降低的趋势。     

某飞机上航炮的黑色磷化液的研究

飞机上常用的航炮要求具有优良的综合力学性能和抗腐蚀性能,一般都需要进行磷化处理和发蓝处理。介绍一种黑化装饰效果及抗蚀性好的钢铁件磷化液,其由黑化液和磷化液两部分组成部分。经飞机上航炮的试验研究表明：用该黑色磷化液处理后,既起到磷化的效果又进行了发黑处理;生成的黑色磷化膜,色泽乌黑纯真,并且有良好的稳定性和极强的抗蚀性能。     

Three dimensional temperature field in a conducting sphere due to an arbitrarily located split ring heating source

Thermal control of spacecrafts plays an important role in space missions. In the design stage the preliminary thermal analysis of the spacecraft requires an estimate of the conductive thermal resistance between the various spacecraft components. With this in mind, the fully three dimensional problem of determining the thermal field in a conducting sphere with an asymmetric split ring current carrying heating source is resolved in an analytical or almost analytical form, implying either a closed form solution or utmost expressions involving a simple numerical integration. This has immediate application for evaluation of thermal resistance in spacecrafts. Green's function integral techniques are used. Comparisons are made with series solutions and also with purely numerical solutions to contrast the simplicity and highlight the elegance of the present method. Parametric studies reveal expected behavior.     

基于区域热核不变量的SAR图像变化检测

快速精确地检测SAR图像的变化是SAR应用亟待解决的问题。针对这一问题,提出了基于区域热核不变量的SAR图像变化检测方法。该方法利用图上热核的特征,可以充分发挥图谱理论的优点,且计算简便、矩阵的扰动性小。通过模拟分析研究了热核的特征,并应用于实际SAR图像的变化检测。实验结果表明该方法可以快速精确地检测到变化区域,且其变化检测的精度要优于区域似然比检测方法。     

Investigation on Thermal Contact Conductance Based on Data Analysis Method of Reliability

The method of reliability is proposed for the investigation of thermal contact conductance (TCC) in this study. A new definition is introduced, namely reliability thermal contact conductance (RTCC), which is defined as the TCC value that meets the reliability design requirement of the structural materials under consideration. An experimental apparatus with the compensation heater to test the TCC is introduced here. A practical engineering example is utilized to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach. By using a statistical regression model along with experimental data obtained from the interfaces of the structural materials GH4169 and K417 used in aero-engine, the estimate values and the confidence level of TCC and RTCC values are studied and compared. The results show that the testing values of TCC increase with interface pressure and the proposed RTCC model matches the test results better at high interface pressure.     

双酚B型氰酸酯的制备与性能

研究了碱性催化法合成非晶态双酚B型氰酸酯的制备工艺,利用红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振(NMR)、热分析(DSC)、流变仪等方法分析了双酚B型氰酸酯的结构性能和工艺特性,研究和测试了树脂固化物介电性能、耐热性能和力学性能.研究结果表明,制备的双酚B型氰酸酯纯度高,200 ℃时的凝胶时间在100 min以上;该型氰酸酯具有较低的粘度(η_25℃=470 mPa·s,η_40℃=210 mPa·s),适于室温树脂传递模塑(RTM,Resin Transfer Molding)成型工艺;250 ℃固化后的介电常数为2.75,介质损耗角正切0.007(10 GHz),玻璃化转变温度299 ℃,弯曲强度174 MPa,模量3.2 GPa,综合性能优异.