动态火力接入下要地防空制导决策方法

文章以要地防空为背景,对防空导弹武器系统动态接入下的制导决策方法进行研究。首先,分析了动态火力接入下要地防空作战过程以及接力制导过程;然后,基于制导通路的概念,设计了构建制导通路的算法,并提出了制导能力指数和交接班成功概率作为评价制导通路优劣的指标;最后,通过仿真实例验证了构建算法和优化模型的有效性。     

The auroral activity during the main phase of magnetic storms

The relationship of auroral activity indices (AE, Kp, SME) with interplanetary medium parameters during the main phase of magnetic storms is studied. For the period 1990–2020, 142 magnetic storms driven by (41) Sheath, (61) CIR, and (40) ICME events are selected. It is found that the correlation coefficient between average values of the SME index and the SW electric field for Sheath (r = 0.75) is close to correlation coefficients for CIR and ICME events. The correlation coefficient between Kp_aver&Esw_aver (r = 0.72) is higher than the correlation coefficient between AE_aver&Esw_aver (r = 0.63) at the main phase of magnetic storms induced by the Sheath events. It is shown that average values of SW dynamic pressure and IMF σB fluctuations correlate each other for all types of SW.     

Selection and hydroponic growth of bread wheat cultivars for bioregenerative life support systems

As part of the ESA-funded MELiSSA program, the suitability, the growth and the development of four bread wheat cultivars were investigated in hydroponic culture with the aim to incorporate such a cultivation system in an Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS). Wheat plants can fulfill three major functions in space: (a) fixation of CO₂ and production of O₂, (b) production of grains for human nutrition and (c) production of cleaned water after condensation of the water vapor released from the plants by transpiration. Four spring wheat cultivars (Aletsch, Fiorina, Greina and CH Rubli) were grown hydroponically and compared with respect to growth and grain maturation properties. The height of the plants, the culture duration from germination to harvest, the quantity of water used, the number of fertile and non-fertile tillers as well as the quantity and quality of the grains harvested were considered. Mature grains could be harvested after around 160 days depending on the varieties. It became evident that the nutrient supply is crucial in this context and strongly affects leaf senescence and grain maturation. After a first experiment, the culture conditions were improved for the second experiment (stepwise decrease of EC after flowering, pH adjusted twice a week, less plants per m²) leading to a more favorable harvest (higher grain yield and harvest index). Considerably less green tillers without mature grains were present at harvest time in experiment 2 than in experiment 1. The harvest index for dry matter (including roots) ranged from 0.13 to 0.35 in experiment 1 and from 0.23 to 0.41 in experiment 2 with modified culture conditions. The thousand-grain weight for the four varieties ranged from 30.4 to 36.7 g in experiment 1 and from 33.2 to 39.1 g in experiment 2, while market samples were in the range of 39.4–46.9 g. Calcium levels in grains of the hydroponically grown wheat were similar to those from field-grown wheat, while potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, copper, manganese and nickel levels tended to be higher in the grains of experimental plants. It remains a challenge for future experiments to further adapt the nutrient supply in order to improve senescence of vegetative plant parts, harvest index and the composition of bread wheat grains.     

Latitudinal variation of F2-region response to geomagnetic disturbance

The effect of geomagnetic storms on the F2 region was studied by calculating the deviation, ΔfoF2, of foF2 during 40 magnetic storms, ranging from moderate (Dst < −50 nT) to very intense (Dst < −200 nT) of the 21st solar cycle. In order to study the variation of storm-time foF2 with latitude, season and storm strength, ionosonde data were obtained from eight stations spanning a latitudinal range of +60–−60°. The stations chosen lay in a narrow longitudinal range of 140–151°, so that local time difference between the stations is practically negligible. The features exhibited by positive and negative phases were essentially different. The storm time ΔfoF2 clearly exhibited a latitudinal variation and this variation were found to be coupled with the seasonal variation. As for the variation with storm intensity, though ΔfoF2 was found to vary even between two storms of almost equal intensity, the amplitude of a positive or negative phase, |ΔfoF2max| showed a distinct upper limit for each intensity category of storms.     

Materials selection for applications in space environment considering outgassing phenomenon

Application of the existing materials selection methods is not much popular in space environment. This is in spite of involvement of the selection process in this field with a wide range of influential factors (e.g. conventional mechanical properties and over 21 space environmental effects). In this paper an introductory road map for employing systematic materials selection methods in the field by engaging the selection process with mechanical properties and only one of the space environmental factors is presented. Here, selected case studies, which are involved with outgassing phenomenon of materials in vacuum condition, highlight the incapability of some of the methods in dealing with such example problems. The study specifically indicates the effectiveness of the most recently introduced method, i.e. Z-transformation, over other existing methods. The results show that considering the mechanical properties of materials in conjunction with the space environmental effects produce much more reliable ranking of the candidate materials. Besides, the results recommend introducing more space environmental aspects in the selection process may produce a better outcome.     

光栅信号质量检测及电路实现

对光栅信号的质量指标，主要是对光栅到莫尔条纹信号质量指标进行了分析，并通过采用谐波分析法，对光栅信号质量进行动态综合检测的电路进行了实现。这对计量光栅的发展和长光栅的检测，具有一定的现实意义。     

中国航空运输市场季节变动特点与对策研究

运用季节指数分析方法，对1997--2001年间中国航空旅客运输市场和航空货物运输市场的季节性变动进行分析，并提出了根据季节变动规律合理组织生产和调配运力的建议。     

股票期权受权人的绩效综合评价

目前我国企业在对股票期权受权人的绩效考核方面,普遍缺乏一套客观的、公正的、全面的绩效考核指标体系,相关理论研究也多是对财务指标的研究,缺乏科学的综合评价方法,文章试图在理论和实践的基础上构建一套比较科学、全面的绩效考核指标体系,并提出科学的评价方法--模糊综合评价方法.     

中国地区发展实力对比分析

建立了一套地区发展实力的指标体系 ,利用《中国统计年鉴》1998年～ 2 0 0 0年 3年统计资料的平均值 ,定量分析了我国除西藏外的 30个省、市、区的经济发展实力、科教社会发展实力、人力资源实力和国民经济综合实力 ,并对其进行排序和分类 ,继而提出了增强我国地区发展实力的对策建议。