基于ReliefF-LMBP算法的涡轴发动机气路故障模式识别—两机专刊

针对涡轴发动机气路故障模式识别精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于ReliefF-LMBP故障特征提取的发动机故障模式识别方法。应用ReliefF算法对发动机传感器参数赋予权值,对传感器参数特征权重值进行迭代更新和排序,聚集好的特征样本,离散异类样本。根据筛选出的特征子集,利用LMBP神经网络算法进行发动机故障模式识别。以涡轴发动机为对象进行气路故障诊断验证,结果表明所提方法能提取特征传感器参数并实现有效的故障模式识别。     

流量可调燃气发生器在导弹起竖装置上的应用研究

车载导弹液压起竖装备因安装空间狭小、装机功率受限导致起竖时间长的问题难以解决。为提高起竖速度,设计了基于流量可调燃气发生器的起竖动力装置,建立了燃气发生器/液压系统/导弹一体化计算数学模型,对比分析了定喉面和变喉面两种工作模式下的起竖特性。计算结果表明：定喉面流量不可调工作模式,不能适应起竖变负载特性,无法保持导弹匀速运动;变喉面流量可调工作模式,可实现导弹平稳起竖,但无法完成减速制动,会对系统造成振动与冲击。提出气液联合分段控制策略：起竖前段,采用燃气流量调节阀控制燃气流量输出,实现负载快速启动,保持负载匀速起竖;起竖后段,采用液压流量调节阀控制油液流量输出,完成负载减速制动,保证负载平稳停靠。新型流量可调燃气发生器动力装置可实现导弹16s快速、平稳起竖,为导弹起竖装备的升级改造提供参考依据。     

推进式螺旋桨飞行中桨叶温度测量与尾气防冰性能评估

为研究某推进式布局螺旋桨表面温度分布特性,评估发动机尾气防冰功能,对螺旋桨进行了飞行中的温度测量试验,在桨叶上布置了Pt100热电阻和K型热电偶,通过无线近距遥测系统实现信号传输,测量螺旋桨在不同高度和发动机状态飞行时的表面温度,结果表明桨叶前缘尾气显著影响区温度随半径增加先升高后降低,桨叶最大厚度处温度则随半径增大呈先降低后升高趋势;飞行高度增加会导致桨叶温度显著下降,在同一高度内增大燃气发生器转速可引起桨叶温度小幅升高。根据相关标准和文献得到桨叶表面临界结冰判据,表明在5km螺旋桨防冰功能有效,在7km部分位置存在结冰风险,在8.5km防冰功能完全失效。     

回流型脉冲爆震燃烧室工作特性分析

为了获得回流型脉冲爆震燃烧室在不同工作频率下的工作特性,通过试验和数值相结合的方法对该爆震室工作频率10~30Hz时的出口燃气总压、总温、流量变化规律以及该爆震室的增压能力进行了测试与计算分析。结果表明：出口燃气总压、总温具有极高的峰值和较高的平台区,其工作频率10~30Hz时,压力平台值为0.36~0.91MPa,时均温度为710~1270K。此外,该爆震室排气流量十分集中,以10Hz为例,在一个爆震循环的16%时间内,排出了整个循环60.5%的燃气。为此对出口燃气总压进行质量加权平均,发现该爆震室的增压比随工作频率的增加而降低,在2.05~2.37。     

A combined technique of Kalman filter,artificial neural network and fuzzy logic for gas turbines and signal fault isolation

The target of this paper is the performance-based diagnostics of a gas turbine for the automated early detection of components malfunctions. The paper proposes a new combination of multiple methodologies for the performance-based diagnostics of single and multiple failures on a two-spool engine. The aim of this technique is to combine the strength of each methodology and provide a high success rate for single and multiple failures with the presence of measurement malfunctions. A combination of KF (Kalman Filter), ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and FL (Fuzzy Logic) is used in this research in order to improve the success rate, to increase the flexibility and the number of failures detected and to combine the strength of multiple methods to have a more robust solution. The Kalman filter has in his strength the measurement noise treatment, the artificial neural network the simulation and prediction of reference and deteriorated performance profile and the fuzzy logic the categorization flexibility, which is used to quantify and classify the failures. In the area of GT (Gas Turbine) diagnostics, the multiple failures in combination with measurement issues and the utilization of multiple methods for a 2-spool industrial gas turbine engine has not been investigated extensively.This paper reports the key contribution of each component of the methodology and brief the results in the quantification and classification success rate. The methodology is tested for constant deterioration and increasing noise and for random deterioration. For the random deterioration and nominal noise of 0.4%, in particular, the quantification success rate is above 92.0%, while the classification success rate is above 95.1%. Moreover, the speed of the data processing (1.7 s/sample) proves the suitability of this methodology for online diagnostics.     

A review of recent studies on rotating internal cooling for gas turbine blades

Gas turbines have been used extensively for aircraft and marine propulsions as well as land-based power generation because of their high thermal efficiency and large power to weight ratios. To further increase the thermal efficiency, numerous prior researches on gas turbine blade internal cooling have been intensively carried out, majorly under stationary conditions. However, the stationary studies neglect the effects of Coriolis and buoyancy forces, which should change the velocity, turbulence and temperature distribution under rotating conditions. To elucidate the rotational effects on gas turbine internal cooling, the extensive results collected from recent investigations are discussed, which include the rotation and buoyancy effects on the rib turbulated cooling, pin fin cooling, jet impingement cooling, dimple/protrusion cooling, latticework cooling as well as swirl cooling. The rotational effects on the friction factors and the most employed experimental and numerical methods are also presented. Moreover, recommendations for future research are outlined. Therefore, this review article provides extensive literature information for the design of the next-generation high-efficiency internal cooling for rotating turbine blades.     

应用气动谐振点火的氢氧小发动机试验

将气动谐振点火技术应用于小推力氢氧火箭发动机的设计,通过分析不同混合比下的比冲和燃气温度,确定了氢氧小发动机的总体参数,开展了在不同工况下点火器的单独试验,氢氧小发动机的全系统试验以及小发动机脉冲起动试验。研究结果表明,氢氧小发动机可以实现多次重复起动,结构完好,性能稳定,验证了应用气动谐振点火技术氢氧小发动机的可靠性及方案的可行性。     

带尾缘劈缝冷气喷射的涡轮叶栅性能实验及计算

通过平面叶栅实验和CFD数值计算方法,研究了叶片尾缘全劈缝冷气喷射下涡轮叶栅流场和气动性能。试验和计算发现,在冷气喷射条件下用不同损失系数描述涡轮叶栅性能,结论明显不同,用考虑冷气能量的能量损失系数评价气冷涡轮叶栅性能较为准确和客观。在较小的冷气流量下,劈缝冷气喷射使叶栅能量损失降低,尾缘劈缝冷气喷射可改善近尾迹区域的流动,减小尾迹亏损,降低尾迹掺混损失。尾缘劈缝冷气射流方向偏向叶片某型面,则尾迹损失峰值朝此型面偏移。     

多状态气路分析法诊断发动机故障的分析

对多状态气路分析法诊断发动机故障的可行性进行了分析。估值平均误差J是判断诊断精度的有效判据。通过数值试验给出了J值的建议值。就状态数的选择和监视参数的选择对诊断效果的影响进行了分析。通过分析指出适当增加和正确选择监视参数可减少状态数, 增加诊断精度。增加高压压气机后压力和高低压涡轮间的压力两个测量参数是实用的改善诊断精度的方法。      

环瓣式浮环密封表面瑞利台阶型槽气体润滑动压特性

为提高密封气膜的开启能力以满足长寿命设计要求,基于气体润滑理论研究了环瓣式浮环密封表面瑞利台阶型槽的动压特性.采用有限差分方法,数值计算了密封气膜压力分布和动压效应,分析了操作参数和型槽几何参数对密封气膜压力和泄漏率的影响规律.结果表明,表面瑞利台阶型槽可以产生明显的气体润滑动压效应,可使得密封气膜平均压力和泄漏率分别...