基于GNSS散射信号的双站雷达系统干扰抑制的分析与研究

利用GNSS(全球卫星导航系统)卫星作为照射源,接收机在飞行器的收发分置的GNSS-R双站雷达探测系统作为一门新兴遥感技术越来越受到关注,但由于GNSS散射信号功率太弱,其接收机对GNSS干扰信号的抑制一直是个难点.根据直达波和邻近卫星信号干扰的特点,提出r改进的分块子空间投影算法.即首先对干扰信号进行捕获与跟踪,根据得到的干扰信号参数构筑相应的干扰子空间,利用改进的分块子空间投影进行干扰抑制,该方法既降低了跟踪误差对干扰性能的影响,又使计算量大幅下降,适合多变环境和多数据样本情况.通过对仿真结果的分析,验证了方法的有效性,也为后续系统的优化设计提供了依据.     

高功率射频真空热试验负载设计研究

文章研究了通讯卫星真空热试验时高功率射频RF的吸收冷却措施及安全策略,即通过RF负载及冷媒,将入射的电磁波能量转化为其它形式的能量(主要是热能)而损耗掉.综合考虑RF负载的反射率﹑温控﹑结构特性﹑安全等因素,文章提出了4种形式的结构负载,并分析比较了各自的优缺点.     

Compatibility of Terrestrial Reference Frames used in GNSS broadcast messages during an 8 week period of 2019

The operational Terrestrial Reference Frames (TRFs) realized through the evaluation of broadcast ephemerides for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 have been compared to IGS14, the TRF realized by the International GNSS Service (IGS). The TRFs realized by the GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 broadcast ephemerides are the orbital realizations of WGS 84 (G1762′), PZ90.11, GTRF19v01, and BDCS respectively. These TRFs are compared using up to 56 days of data (21 July-14 Sept 2019) at a 5 or 15-min rate. The operational TRFs are compared to IGS14 in a 7-parameter similarity (Helmert) transformation. Numerical results show that the operational GNSS TRFs differ from IGS14 at a level no greater than 4 cm for Galileo, 6 cm for GPS and BeiDou-3, 13 cm for GLONASS, and 48 cm for a limited set of BeiDou-2 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) vehicles.     

基于放电室均布模型的射频离子推力器研究

为了研究工作参数和结构参数对射频离子推力器放电性能的影响规律，通过开展放电室均布模型数值仿真和推力器性能试验，研究了射频离子推力器LRIT 40的放电机理和放电性能随结构参数和工作参数的变化规律。研究发现，减小长径比或增大工质流率、栅极电压及射频功率均能增大推力器束电流，改善推力器性能。通过分析试验结果和仿真结果得到，放电室均布模型可用于研究射频离子推力器的性能。     

Statistical evaluation of GLONASS amplitude scintillation over low latitudes in the Brazilian territory

The ionospheric scintillation, generated by the ionospheric plasma irregularities, affects the radio signals that pass through it. Their effects are widely studied in the literature with two different approaches. The first one deals with the use of radio signals to study and understand the morphology of this phenomenon, while the second one seeks to understand and model how much this phenomenon interferes in the radio signals and consequently in the services to which these systems work. The interest of several areas, particularly to those that are life critical, has increased using the concept of satellite multi-constellation, which consists of receiving, processing and using data from different navigation and positioning systems. Although there is a vast literature analyzing the effects of ionospheric scintillation on satellite navigation systems, the number of studies using signals received from the Russian satellite positioning system (named GLONASS) is still very rare. This work presents for the first time in the Brazilian low-latitude sector a statistical analysis of ionospheric scintillation data for all levels of magnetic activities obtained by a set of scintillation monitors that receive signals from the GLONASS system. In this study, data collected from four stations were used in the analysis; Fortaleza, Presidente Prudente, São José dos Campos and Porto Alegre. The GLONASS L-band signals were analyzed for the period from December 21, 2012 to June 20, 2016, which includes the peak of the solar cycle 24 that occurred in 2014. The main characteristics of scintillation presented in this study include: (1) the statistical evaluation of seasonal and solar activity, showing the chances that an user on similar geophysical conditions may be susceptible to the effects of ionospheric scintillation; (2) a temporal analysis based on the local time distribution of scintillation at different seasons and intensity levels; and (3) the evaluation of number of simultaneously affected channels and its effects on the dilution of precision (DOP) for GNSS users are also presented in order to alert the timetables in which navigation will be most susceptible to such effects, as well as statistics on simultaneously affected channels. Relevant results about these statistical characteristics of scintillation are presented and analyzed providing relevant information about availability of a navigation system.     

GNSS radio tomography of the ionosphere: The problem with essentially incomplete data

We discuss the specific features of the spatiotemporal radio tomography of ionospheric electron density based on the data from high orbiting global navigational satellite system (GNSS). The main peculiarities are four-dimensionality of the problem and essential incompleteness of input data. The approach suggested for the solution of this problem is based on the search for the solution with minimal Sobolev’s norm (the most smooth solution), which provides, in particular, smooth extension of the solution to the area where no input data is available. Methods and algorithms for the solution of the problem are developed, and the resolution of the proposed technique is estimated. Examples of global and regional radio tomographic imaging based on GNSS data are presented. The obtained results are compared with the data of ionosondes and with the results of radio tomography based on the radio transmissions from low-orbiting satellites.     

GNSS water vapour tomography – Expected improvements by combining GPS,GLONASS and Galileo observations

The German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) operates a GNSS water vapour tomography system using about 350 German GNSS stations. The GNSS data processing at the GFZ works in near real-time and provides zenith total delays, integrated water vapour and slant delay data operationally. This large data set of more than 50,000 slant delays per hour is used to reconstruct spatially resolved humidity fields by means of tomographic techniques. It can be expected that additional observations from the future Galileo system provide more information with improved quality. A simulation study covering 12 h at 14 July 2009 was therefore started to estimate the impact of GPS, Galileo and GLONASS data on the GNSS tomography. It is shown that the spatial coverage of the atmosphere with slant paths is highly improved by combining observations from two or three satellite systems. Equally important for a reliable tomographic reconstruction is the distribution of slant path intersections as they are required to locate the integrated delay information. The number of intersection points can be increased by a factor of 4 or 8 if two or three systems are combined and their distribution will cover larger regions of the atmosphere. The combined data sets can be used to increase the spatiotemporal resolution of the reconstructed humidity fields up to 30 km horizontally, 300 m vertically and 15 min. The reconstruction quality could not be improved considerably using the currently available techniques.     

微放电效应研究进展

微放电效应是空间大功率微波部件的特殊效应之一。文章简要介绍了微放电效应的概念,重点阐述了微放电效应在理论分析及数值模拟、多载波微放电、抑制方法和实验测试等4个方面的研究进展,最后指出了微放电未来发展的趋势。     

THE APPLICATION OF SATELLITE POSITIONING TECHNOLOGY AND ITS INDUSTRIALIZATION IN CHINA

Satellite positioning technology has been widely used in all kinds of military and civil land, marine, space and aeronautical target positioning tasks, naviga tion activities and accurate surveying measurements since 90 s in the last cen tury due to its advantage in providing all-weather, real-time, three dimensional and high precision positioning information, as well as speed and accurate timing information. By now, it has already formed a new hi-tech industry basically.This paper briefly reviews the development of the global satellite positioning and navigation technologies including the basic information of China's "Plough navigation system", introduces the history of satellite positioning technology and its major application fields as well as the status quo of this being industri alized trade in China, gives an account of the writers' vision for the application and prospect of the satellite positioning technologies in China, and approaches the tactics and stresses of the satellite positioning technology's application and its industrialization future in China.     

GBAS在终端区的应用

地基增强系统（GBAS）是一个基于卫星导航技术,并且综合了地面、空中、机载三部分设备的集成系统。它是GNSS的增强系统。本文详细分析了GBAS的系统组成、功能、优点以及GBAS在终端区的应用。