基于气助雾化喷射的柴油喷雾特性数值模拟

为对气助雾化喷射柴油的过程进行数值分析，借助计算流体力学仿真工具Fluent，在不改变喷嘴结构的情况下，建立考虑油气预混腔中柴油喷射过程的三维流体计算模型，研究定容弹内气助雾化喷嘴的柴油/空气两相流喷射过程，并且重点考察喷气压力、环境背压以及燃油温度对气助雾化喷射柴油喷雾特性的影响规律。结果表明：喷气压力对喷雾贯穿距离影响较大，喷气压力由0.65 MPa增大至0.75 MPa后贯穿距离增加12.2%，但柴油索太尔平均直径（SMD）只减小了5.2%，说明在保证燃油SMD处于较好水平时，喷气压力和环境背压绝对压力比值（气相压比）为7.5有利于减少气量消耗；环境背压对喷雾贯穿距离与燃油SMD影响显著，气相压比为1.875时，喷嘴出口处流场基本不会产生超声速气流，气动力降低显著影响了燃油液滴破碎过程，使喷射时间在4 ms时的SMD达到40.7μm；燃油温度对喷雾贯穿距离影响不大，但对燃油SMD影响较大，燃油温度升高后燃油SMD显著减小，323 K对应的SMD比293 K时减小了12.3%，喷射时间在4 ms时的SMD达到14.9μm，燃油蒸发质量分数达到36.93%。     

Design and analysis of a novel hybrid cooling method of high-speed high-power permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance starter/generator in aviation applications

To improve the heat dissipation performance, this paper proposes a novel hybrid cooling method for high-speed high-power Permanent Magnet assisted Synchronous Reluctance Starter/Generator (PMaSynR S/G) in aerospace applications. The hybrid cooling structure with oil circulation in the housing, oil spray at winding ends and rotor end surface is firstly proposed for the PMaSynR S/G. Then the accurate loss calculation of the PMaSynR S/G is proposed, which includes air gap friction loss under oil spray cooling, copper loss, stator and rotor core loss, permanent magnet eddy current loss and bearing loss. The parameter sensitivity analysis of the hybrid cooling structure is proposed, while the equivalent thermal network model of the PMaSynR S/G is established considering the uneven spraying at the winding ends. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid cooling method is demonstrated on a 40 kW/24000 r/min PMaSynR S/G experimental platform.     

A power and thermal management system for long endurance hypersonic vehicle

Due to the pneumatic heating and combustion effect, the scramjet engine of hypersonic vehicle faces high temperature challenge. It is necessary to comprehensively consider its thermal management and power generation together. A new Power and Thermal Management System (PTMS) combined with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SCO₂) closed Brayton cycle and fuel vapor turbine is proposed and discussed in this paper. The new PTMS can meet the cooling requirement of hypersonic vehicle at Mach number 6–7, and avoid the coking and scrapping in the scramjet cooling channels. Compared with the PTMS only based on fuel vapor turbine, the new PTMS utilizes the waste heat of scramjet to generate more electricity. In addition, it can reduce the use of fuel sink for cooling, and the additional weight penalty can be compensated for long endurance hypersonic flight.