一种新的泊位飞机阴影分割方法

飞机泊位自动引导系统中,识别跟踪定位泊位飞机时,会出现灰度较低区域被误判为阴影区域的现象,严重影响识别效果,因此分割飞机阴影是泊位成功与否的关键技术。提出一种将形态学的幂变换与无边界主动轮廓线模型结合的阴影分割方法,首先利用多方向权重形态学对泊位飞机图像中的噪声和微小的干扰区域进行滤除,然后进行幂变换来增强图像质量,最后利用无边界主动轮廓线模型分割阴影。实验结果表明,该方法不仅能够滤除噪声,保留图像细节,而且能提高分割阴影的精确度,并且抑制了泊位飞机分割产生的＂拖尾＂现象,有效地检测出运动飞机的阴影。     

B737NG航线维护故障模式影响及危害性分析

故障模式影响及危害性分析用于分析产品中每一个可能的故障模式并确定其对产品的影响。本文以国内某航空公司20架B737NG飞机从2005年1月1日至2009年12月31日的航线维护故障数据为基础,对该机型各系统进行故障模式影响及危害性分析,其中着重对起落架系统进行故障模式影响和危害性分析。     

运用监控手段提高继电器质量

继电器是导弹地面测试发控设备的关键器件之一.本文首先叙述提高产品可靠性的通用方法.然后,重点介绍采用监控手段进行继电器质量控制的具体过程和取得的效果.     

超声振动方向对TC4钛合金铣削特性的影响

为充分发挥超声铣削钛合金的优势，改善钛合金的加工效果，增强表面服役性能，分别对刀具和工件施加超声振动，以寻求合适的振动方向和加工参数。理论推导了侧刃断续切削时的临界速度，试验研究了不同振幅和切削速度对表面形貌、切屑形态、切削力和刀具磨损的影响，同时探究了表面微织构对摩擦特性的影响。试验表明在两种振动方向下，增大振幅均使切屑的锯齿化程度降低，并且增加轴向振幅可使锯齿形切屑转变为带状切屑。轴向振动更有利于表面形成微织构、减小切削力、减缓刀具磨损、减小工件摩擦时的磨合时间，但需合理控制切削速度和超声振幅。同时，对切削力进行频谱分析，为工作状态下超声振动频率的测量提供了一种参考方法。     

SiC/SiC复合材料氧化退化研究进展

针对高速推进系统温度测量传感器的设计方法、测量误差等核心问题,综述了现阶段高速推进系统接触式和非接触式温度测量的方法。其中,重点综述了辐射与红外测量、可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)、相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射(CARS)及温度敏感涂料(TSP)等非接触温度测量技术在高速推进系统应用的研究进展和发展趋势,并分析了上述温度测量技术存在的问题。     

丁羟基固体推进剂的破坏包络及其演化行为研究

分析了宽温域(-70 ℃～70 ℃)、泛加载速率(2～200 mm/min)条件下丁羟基固体推进剂的拉伸特性,获得了温度、应变率依赖的推进剂破坏包络;进一步采用循环载荷模拟空基反复巡航加载历史,研究了推进剂在服役环境中的破坏包络演化。结果表明：丁羟基固体推进剂的破坏包络满足平移原理,随着加载速率增大,破坏包络面向高温区平移,导致低温可靠性显著降低;经历循环载荷后,破坏包络整体向小断裂延伸率方向下移,导致可靠发射区域显著减小。研究结论将为复杂条件下的发动机设计及其贮存期可靠性分析提供支撑。     

基于灰色理论与专家系统的电子设备在线故障预测方法研究

针对电子设备的渐发性故障,提出了一种基于改进型灰色理论与专家系统的二阶组合故障预测方法.该预测算法不仅能够实现复杂电子设备的单测点故障预测和多测点综合预测,而且结合在线预测的需求,对原始的灰色模型进行了改进,在专家系统推理部分采用了一种位与运算的规则快速匹配算法,提高了诊断的快速性和准确性.试验结果验证了所提出方法的有效性与正确性.     

腐蚀条件下LD2航空铝合金裂纹扩展规律研究

 腐蚀损伤会加速飞机结构的疲劳裂纹扩展,缩短飞机疲劳寿命。以LD2航空铝合金材料为研究对象,通过在实验室内模拟飞机服役环境进行加速腐蚀试验,得到不同腐蚀时间下的试验件,并在MTS-810疲劳机上对不同腐蚀时间下的试验件进行疲劳试验,得到不同腐蚀年限下的疲劳断口形貌。通过断口判读分析,得到不同腐蚀年限下的裂纹扩展数据(a,N)。从不同腐蚀时间下的裂纹扩展数据研究分析,得到裂纹长度与循环次数符合指数函数的形式,即裂纹扩展速率与裂纹长度成正比,其斜率依赖于腐蚀损伤与疲劳载荷两个因素,而且在同一应力水平下,其斜率与腐蚀时间呈线性关系,并且其截距与应力水平也呈线性关系。     

A novel approach of testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems based on failure evolution mechanism

Prognostics and health management (PHM) significantly improves system availability and reliability, and reduces the cost of system operations. Design for testability (DFT) developed concurrently with system design is an important way to improve PHM capability. Testability modeling and analysis are the foundation of DFT. This paper proposes a novel approach of testability modeling and analysis based on failure evolution mechanisms. At the component level, the fault progression-related information of each unit under test (UUT) in a system is obtained by means of failure modes, evolution mechanisms, effects and criticality analysis (FMEMECA), and then the failure-symptom dependency can be generated. At the system level, the dynamic attributes of UUTs are assigned by using the bond graph methodology, and then the symptom-test dependency can be obtained by means of the functional flow method. Based on the failure-symptom and symptom-test dependencies, testability analysis for PHM systems can be realized. A shunt motor is used to verify the application of the approach proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that this approach is able to be applied to testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems very well, and the analysis results can provide a guide for engineers to design for testability in order to improve PHM performance.     

Study on ballistic penetration resistance of titanium alloy TC4, Part II: Numerical analysis

Enhancing containment capability and reducing weight are always great concerns in the design of casings. Ballistic tests can help to mitigate a catastrophic event after a blade out, yet taking time and costing money. A wise way is to hunt for a validated numerical simulation technology, through which the material dynamic behavior over the strain rate range in the ballistic tests should be represented and reasonable failure strain should be defined. The simulation results show that the validation of the numerical simulation technology based on the test data can accurately estimate the absorption energy, describe the physical process and failure mode during the penetration, as well as the failure mechanism. It is found that energy dissipation of projectiles is in manner of compression stage, energy conversion stage, and interactive scrap stage. An effect indicator is proposed, where the factors of critical velocity including impact orientation and mass of projectiles and thickness of casings are considered. The critical velocity presents a linear relation with the effect indicator, which implies the critical velocity obtained by the flat casing could underestimate the capability of the real casing.