基于NRS-SVM模型的航空弹药消耗预测研究

结合航空弹药训练消耗的特点,研究邻域粗糙集(Neighborhood rough sets,NRS)与支持向量机(Support vector machines,SVM)融合的航空弹药训练消耗预测问题。通过邻域粗糙集将5个初始影响因素约简为3个核心影响因素,并以此训练集对支持向量机进行回归优化。通过参数寻优得到最优的惩罚参数和核参数,进而构建NRS-SVM组合预测模型来预测航空弹药消耗。实证研究表明,该模型预测结果与实际数据吻合度较高,且与其他预测模型相比具有更好的预测性能。     

复合材料连接方法

文中叙述了复合材料常用的几种连接方法,分析了各种连接的破坏模式和连接形式的选择,同时还介绍了国外复合材料连接方法新进展等内容。     

发动机孔探数据在健康管理与安全运行预测中的应用

基于完善目前航空发动机健康管理体系的目的．探讨了如何利用发动机孔探数据进行发动机健康管理和安全运行预测,同时提出了开展该领域研究与实践的一些建议。     

Multi-objective optimization of different dome reinforcement methods for composite cases

A multi-objective optimization method was proposed for different dome reinforcement methods of a filament-wound solid rocket motor composite case based on a Radial Basis Function (RBF) model. Progressive damage of the composite case was considered in a simulation based on Hashin failure criteria, and simulation results were validated by hydraulic burst tests to precisely predict the failure mode, failure position, and burst pressure. An RBF surrogate model was established and evaluated by Relative Average Absolute Error (RAAE), Relative Maximum Absolute Error (RMAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and R² methods to improve the optimization efficient of dome reinforcement. In addition, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) was employed to establish multi-objective optimization models of variable-angle and variable-polar-radius dome reinforcements to investigate the coupling effect of the reinforcement angle, reinforcement layers, and reinforcement range on the case performance. Optimal reinforcement parameters were obtained and used to establish a progressive damage model of the composite case with dome reinforcement. In accordance with progressive damage analysis, the burst pressure and performance factor were obtained. Results illustrated that variable-angle dome reinforcement was the optimal reinforcement method compared with variable-polar-radius dome reinforcement as it could not only ensure the reinforcement angle’s continuous changing but also decrease the mass of composite materials. Compared with the unreinforced case, the reinforced case exhibited an increase in the burst pressure and performance factor of 36.1% and 23.5%, respectively.     

不同拉伸速率下改性双基推进剂的力学特性

为研究改性双基推进剂力学性能的率相关性,开展了不同速率下改性双基推进剂单轴拉伸力学性能试验,并利用扫描电镜对拉伸断面的形貌进行了观察,分析了拉伸速率对推进剂力学性能以及断面形貌的影响,以及不同拉伸速率下的破坏模式。结果表明：随拉伸速率的增加,推进剂应力-应变曲线逐渐出现应变强化现象,且现象越来越明显;推进剂的初始模量、强度随拉伸速率的增大呈现上升趋势;推进剂的断裂伸长率随拉伸速率的增大,呈现先上升后下降的趋势,在0.24%·s-1应变速率附近达到极值;随拉伸速率的增大,推进剂的破坏模式分别表现为颗粒“脱湿”、基体断裂、颗粒断裂。     

可靠性增长试验的计划曲线及其参数研究

在用杜安（Ｄｕａｎｅ）增长模型制定可靠性增长试验的计划曲线时，确定总试验时间经常会遇到缺乏数据、经验和经费不足等困难。本文利用杜安增长模型导出了总试验时间的计算公式，并对影响总试验时间的诸参数进行了分析，提出了选取这些参数的原则和方法，对制定具体的计划曲线有一定的指导意义。     

1420 铝锂合金同种异种自冲铆单搭接头力学性能

为探究1420铝锂合金自冲铆接头的力学性能,本文采用自冲铆连接设备对1420铝锂合金(AL1420)同种及其与铜合金(H62)异种板材组合进行铆接,并通过拉伸-剪切试验测试接头的力学性能,运用SPSS数据分析软件对接头的最大载荷和最大位移量进行分析。结果表明:AL1420-AL1420和AL1420-H62两种接头的失效形式皆为铆钉从下板拉脱,铆钉头与上板接触区域出现不同程度撕裂;H62-AL1420接头除铆钉从下板拉脱,铆钉头与下板接触区域仅出现凹陷。AL1420-AL1420接头最大载荷最高(6 026.8 N),能量吸收性能最好(16.84 J)。对于异种板材组合,H62-AL1420接头的最大载荷(5 304.0 N)大于AL1420-H62接头(5 229.3 N),AL1420-H62接头的能量吸收值(16.79 J)大于H62-AL1420接头(15.08 J),异种板材铆接时则优先采用能量吸收性能较好的AL1420-H62搭接形式。     

Methods to determine stress profile in ALT based on theoretical life models

With the recent products being more reliable,engineers cannot obtain enough failure or degradation information through the design period and even the product lifetime,therefore,accelerated life test(ALT)has become the most popular way to quantify the life characteristics of products.Test design is the most essential topic,such as testing duration,stress profile,data inference,etc.In this paper,a method and procedure based on theoretical life models is proposed to determine the accelerated stress profile.Firstly,the method for theoretical life calculation is put forward based on the main failure mechanism analysis and the theoretical life models.Secondly,the method is provided to determine the accelerated stress profile,including the method to determine the accelerated stress types and the stress range on the basis of the main failure mechanism analysis,the method to determine the acceleration factor and the accelerated stress level based on life quantitative calculation models,and the collaborative analysis method of the accelerated test time while taking the multiple failure mechanisms into consideration.Lastly,the actuator is taken as an example to describe the procedure of the method and the engineering applicability and the validity are verified.     

危害性矩阵分析中故障模式影响概率的确定方法

危害性矩阵分析是进行产品分析和指导改进措施的重要手段,为了解决通过经验决定故障模式影响概率的现状,需采用更加实用客观的方法。根据定量危害性矩阵分析的原理和方法,首先收集故障模式影响概率经验估计法的参照依据和取值范围;然后提出采用故障树计算故障模式影响概率的方法,并用算例进行验证,结果表明故障树计算法避免了人为因素的影响,计算量小,准确性好;最后给出故障模式影响概率的确定流程。     

基于改进型近场动力学方法的复合材料单向板变形与破坏分析

针对复合材料单向板的变形与破坏问题,采用经典的键型近场动力学(Peridynamics,PD)理论进行建模分析,利用基体键与纤维键描述单向板宏观各向异性,同时在基体键中引入反映长程力尺寸效应的核函数修正项改进近场动力学本构模型,构建相应的准静态数值求解体系。使用传统PD模型与改进型PD模型对单轴拉伸单向板变形进行定量计算,二者所得计算结果较理论解相对误差分别为3.5%和1.7%,表明改进型PD模型具有更高的定量计算精度。开展含不同角度中心裂纹单向板单轴拉伸破坏试验与数值模拟,二者所得单向板最终破坏形式与破坏特点均吻合,表明当前模型与方法能够有效处理单向板的破坏问题。最后对纤维角度为0°单向板的拉伸破坏过程展开模拟分析,结果表明单向板在前期主要出现基体开裂,当裂纹扩展至夹持区域后,结构出现纤维断裂,最终形成贯穿整个结构的断面导致单向板发生破坏。