Investigations of tip-jet and exhaust jet development in a ducted fan

The major aim of this work is to investigate the tip-jet and exhaust jet development in a ducted fan as well as the impact on the fan’s performance. The flow field of the ducted fans under the solidity varied from 0.2 to 0.7 are simulated by using the shear-stress transport k-ω turbulence model with a refined high-quality structured grid. The exhaust jet trajectory, expanding range and the flow intersection of the jet and mainstream in the blade passage are analyzed. As the results suggest, the flow direction of the exhaust jet is deflected by the downwash and Coanda effect. The major decay region of the exhaust jet can extend at least 2 times the blade chord downstream from the blade trailing edge. The blade circulation is impacted by the tip-jet rather than the exhaust jet from the upstream when the blade tip pitch angle is 8°, and the fan solidity is less than 0.7. The blade tip thrust is reduced by the interruption from the exhaust jet when the blade tip pitch angle is 2°, and the fan solidity is larger than 0.3.     

动态过程的飞艇排气特性分析

在体积可变的情况下,针对一次排气过程中压差和艇囊体积的动态变化,利用伯努利方程和气体状态方程,揭示了飞艇的排气特性,即压差的平方根随时间线性下降。进而提出一种排气阀效率和艇体变形的实验方法,可在飞艇集成测试中同步完成。试验校验了飞艇的排气特性,且飞艇体积变形率与压差成正比,排气阀效率与标定结果一致。本文的结果可为飞艇总体设计、压力和浮力控制提供参考。     

出口宽高比对双涵道S弯喷管流动特性的影响

为了明晰出口宽高比对基于真实排气混合器构型的S弯喷管流动特性的影响机制,数值模拟了不同出口宽高比下的双S弯喷管内/外流特性。结果表明：出口宽高比对排气混合器附近的流场特征影响较小,但增加出口宽高比导致喷管下游纵向转弯处的涡量减小,而涡的横向运动更加剧烈,由此带来的涡损失及内/外涵掺混损失沿纵向有所减小,沿横向持续增大。随着出口宽高比的增加,纵向两弯处及等直段区域的壁面剪切应力减小,相应的摩擦损失和局部损失降低;而上、下壁面极限流线的扩张-汇聚程度增强使得该区域的摩擦损失增大。宽高比的增加导致喷管出口附近气流的轴向速度逐渐增大,出口下游的尾喷流速度核心区长度逐渐缩短。不同出口宽高比条件下,喷管几何构型与排气混合器相互作用产生的多种流动损失的变化趋势相反,综合起来对S弯喷管的气动性能影响较小。     

单组元脉冲推力器挤压和排气过程分析

高室压脉冲推力器使用可移动的喷注器,能够得到比供给压强高得多的燃烧室压强。为了分析其工作特性,建立了单组元脉冲推力器挤压和排气过程的数学模型,以硝酸羟铵(HAN)基单组元推进剂为例,采用四阶龙格-库塔法进行了求解。结果表明,燃烧室最大压强和平均压强都大于推进剂入口压强,而燃烧室内近似等容的燃烧过程是压强升高的原因。与所用推进剂、平均推力和面积比都相同的常规推力器相比较表明,脉冲推力器的真空比冲提高5 s,而喷管喉部面积减小89%,若两者喷管出口面积相同,则脉冲推力器的比冲将提高31.5%。     

A step parameters prediction model based on transfer process neural network for exhaust gas temperature estimation after washing aero-engines

The prediction of Exhaust Gas Temperature Margin(EGTM) after washing aeroengines can provide a theoretical basis for airlines not only to evaluate the energy-saving effect and emission reduction, but also to formulate reasonable maintenance plans. However, the EGTM encounters step changes after washing aeroengines, while, in the traditional models, a persistence tendency exists between the prediction results and the previous data, resulting in low accuracy in prediction. In order to solve the pr...     

Effects of forward-flight speed on plume flow and infrared radiation of IRS-integrating helicopter

To address deeper understandings about the aero-thermal performance of an integrating infrared suppressor under more realistic situations, a numerical investigation is motivated in the current study, concerning the effects of forward-flight speed on exhaust plume flow and infrared radiation of the Infrared Suppressor-integrating(IRS-integrating) helicopter, wherein the forward-flight speed is changed from 0 m/s(hover state) to 100 m/s, while both the engine exhaust parameters and the main-rotor ...     

外涵调节对中介机匣性能影响的试验研究

以涡扇发动机中介机匣为研究对象,采用插入式堵塞调节环作为外涵调节装置,开展了不同外涵堵塞比下中介机匣性能的试验研究,分析了外涵调节对中介机匣进出口总压恢复系数、支板尾迹和涵道比的影响。结果表明:随着外涵流量的降低,外涵气体流动损失与附面层效应所占压力损失比重逐渐减小,而调节环对外涵流场的扰动造成的压力损失所占比重逐渐增加;堵塞调节环对内涵压力分布与压力损失基本无影响;堵塞调节环实现外涵流量与涵道比调节的同时,也改变了外涵压力的径向分布;由于堵塞调节环的影响,支板尾迹无法单纯地反映支板后径向压力的分布;几何涵道比大于0.388时,进口马赫数增大,外涵流量比重减小;几何涵道比小于0.243时,进口马赫数增大,外涵流量比重增大。     

Improving EGT sensing data anomaly detection of aircraft auxiliary power unit

The reliability of the on-wing aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) decides the cost and the comfort of flight to a large degree. The most important function of APU is to help start main engines by providing compressed air. Especially on the condition of sudden shutdown in the air, APU can offer additional thrust for landing. Therefore, its condition monitoring has drawn much attention from the academic and industrial field. Among the on-wing sensing data which can reflect its condition, Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) is one of the most important parameters. To ensure the reliability of EGT, one kind of data-driven anomaly detection framework for EGT sensing data is proposed based on the Gaussian Process Regression and Kernel Principal Component Analysis. The situations of one-dimensional and two-dimensional input data for EGT anomaly detection are considered, respectively. The cross-validation experiments are carried out by utilizing the real condition data of APU, which are provided by China Southern Airlines Company Limited Shenyang Maintenance Base. The anomalous stuck condition of EGT sensing data is also detected. Experimental results show that the proposed EGT sensing data anomaly detection method can achieve better performance of false positive ratio, false negative ratio and accuracy.     

并联式TBCC发动机排气系统性能数值模拟

针对一个并联式涡轮基组合循环(Turbine Based Combined Cycle,TBCC)发动机排气系统的气动方案,对其在整个飞行包线范围内典型工作点上的流场进行了数值模拟研究,获得了飞行包线范围内排气系统相应的推力系数、升力、俯仰力矩随飞行马赫数的变化关系.计算结果显示,在整个飞行包线范围内,排气系统的轴向推力系数随着飞行马赫数先减小后增大,在跨声速飞行时降到最低Ma =0.9,涡喷不加力时为0.562,加力时0.662),在设计点附近达到最大;升力和俯仰力矩性能在亚声速及跨声速飞行时较差,在超声速飞行时随着飞行马赫数增加逐渐好转.表明排气系统在跨声速飞行范围内工作时应采取措施以改善其性能.     

Infrared radiation signature of exhaust plume from solid propellants with different energy characteristics

The infrared radiation signature of the plume from solid propellants with different energy characteristics is not the same. Three kinds of double-base propellants of different energy characteristics are chosen to measure the infrared spectral radiance from 1000 cm 1 to 4500 cm 1 of their plumes. The radiative spectrum is obtained in the tests. The experimental results indicate that the infrared radiation of the plume is determined by the energy characteristics of the propellant. The radiative transfer calculation models of the exhaust plume for the solid propellants are established. By including the chemical reaction source term and the radiation source term into the energy equation, the plume field and the radiative transfer are solved in a coupled way. The calculated results are consistent with the experimental data, so the reliability of the models is confirmed. The temperature distribution and the extent of the afterburning of the plume are distinct for the propellants of different energy characteristics, therefore the plume radiation varies for different propellants. The temperature of the fluid cell in the plume will increase or decrease to some extent by the influence of the radiation term.