A user-friendly yield criterion for metals exhibiting tension-compression asymmetry

The aim of this paper is to model the yielding asymmetry of pressure-insensitive metals, including but not limited to Ni₃Al alloys. The main focuses are put on the flexibility and manipulative convenience. The parameters of theory are kept to a minimum and can be determined by as few tests as possible. These requirements are fulfilled by constructing a yield function using the second and third-invariants of a linearly transformed stress tensor. The proposed yield criterion has a simple mathematical form and has only seven parameters when used in three-dimensional stresses. Compared with existing theories, the new yield criterion has much fewer parameters, which makes it very convenient for practical applications. The coefficients of the criterion are identified by an error minimization procedure. Applications to a Ni₃Al based intermetallic alloy as well as a Cu-Al-Be shape memory alloy and comparison to other criteria show that the proposed criterion has nearly the same predictive ability and flexibility with other criteria. The proposed yield criterion can estimate the coefficients by using less data, which is a big advantage compared with other similar theories, especially when there is a limited number of experimental data.     

复合材料层合板低速冲击损伤的预测模型

在低速冲击载荷作用下,建立了一种适用于铺层总数较多的复合材料层合板的损伤预测模型。采用三维Puck失效准则预测层内纤维与基体的破坏,并获得基体失效时的断裂面角度。根据低速冲击下复合材料层合板的层间分层损伤机理,同时考虑面内横向正应力、厚度方向正应力、层间剪应力和相邻铺层的损伤状态等因素对界面分层的影响,发展了一种新的冲击分层失效准则。为快速有效地预测铺层总数较多的复合材料层合板的冲击损伤,通过对单元积分点处的应变进行线性插值,提出了在单个实体单元内预测多个铺层损伤的数值计算方法。模型成功预测了受冲击层合板具体的失效模式,预测的分层形状和尺寸与试验值吻合较好,并显著减少了有限元模型的规模,表明本文所发展的数值方法对预测复合材料层合板低速冲击损伤的有效性。     

浅析"三大规范"编写

本文较为详细地介绍了中国燃气涡轮研究院“三大规范”编制与实施过程中的目标的确定、总体规划、采取的措施、应用效果、存在的问题及解决方法,可为同行编制“三大规范”提供借鉴和参考。     

Parameter studies and evaluation principles of delamination damage in laminated composites

Delamination represents one of the most severe failure modes in composite laminates, especially when they are subjected to uniaxial compression loads. The evaluation of the delamination damage has always been an essential issue of composite laminates for durability and damage tolerance in engineering practice. Focusing on the most typical and representative elliptical delamination issue, an analytical model simultaneously considering the conservative buckling process and non-conservative delamination propagation process is implemented. Various computational cases considering different delamination depths, directions, aspect ratios, and areas are established, and the predicted results based on the analytical model are carefully compared. Effects of these geometrical delamination parameters on the buckling, delamination propagation, and failure behaviors of composite laminates are thoroughly analyzed, and innovative evaluation principles of the delamination damage have been concluded. It is found that the delamination area is the key factor that truly affecting the failure behaviors of delaminated composites, and the local / global buckling and failure loads show clear linearity with the delamination area, whilst the delamination depth and direction only have slight effects.     

Evaluation method for helicopter maritime search and rescue response plan with uncertainty

Helicopter plays an increasingly significant role in Maritime Search and Rescue (MSAR), and it will perform MSAR mission based on response plans when an accident occurs. Thus the rationality of response plan determines the success of MSAR mission to a large extent. However, with the impact of many uncertainty factors, it is difficult to evaluate response plans comprehensively before performing them. Aiming at these problems, an evaluation framework of helicopter MSAR response plan named UMAD is proposed in this paper, which reveals the influence mechanism of uncertainty factors based on Multi-Agent method and analyzes the mission flow based on Discrete Event System (DEVS) method. Furthermore, the evaluation criterion and indicators of response plan are extracted from the aspects of safety and effectiveness. Meanwhile, the Monte Carlo method is adapted to calculate the probability distribution and robustness of response plan comprehensive result. Finally, in order to illustrate the validity of this method, it is discussed and verified by an application example of evaluating multiple response plans to the same MSAR scenario. The results show that this method can analyze the influence of uncertainty more systematically and optimize response plans more comprehensively.     

基于压差梯度的平流层飞艇艇囊应力计算和仿真

平流层飞艇体积庞大,艇囊表面曲率小,因而蒙皮材料的局部应力集中极易导致飞艇艇囊蒙皮发生过大变形而迅速超压损伤破坏.基于飞艇艇囊内外压力压差梯度载荷条件,建立飞艇艇囊蒙皮受内外压差真实工况下环向与轴向应力的理论计算模型,构建飞艇蒙皮应力分析的Von Mises强度准则.并采用ABAQUS有限元软件非线性仿真艇囊蒙皮分别在超压300,500,800 Pa载荷下的各点环向的Von Mises应力状况.仿真结果与理论模型计算的应力值基本保持一致,飞艇艇囊蒙皮环向Von Mises应力呈现随压差梯度增大而递增的规律,而轴向Von Mises应力大小由环向Von Mises应力、蒙皮局部经纬向曲率共同决定,且两方向的Von Mises应力均与超压载荷大小成正相关关系,为飞艇艇囊蒙皮超压应力评估和强度计算提供基础性研究.     

引射式结冰风洞内圆柱结冰试验

设计并建造了用于结冰研究的小型引射式结冰风洞试验系统,对其结冰气象条件参数进行了标定,给出了试验段水雾均匀区范围,验证了试验冰形的可重复性.在霜状冰和瘤状冰条件下,对直径为25.4mm和50.8mm的圆柱在所建的结冰风洞内进行了结冰试验.试验结果表明:在所研究的结冰条件和结冰时间范围内,霜状冰与瘤状冰的结冰厚度均随时间推进而线性增长;在满足结冰相似准则的情况下,冰形相似性结果良好,无量纲厚度的最大偏差约为10%.      

关于轰燃定义、机理和判据的讨论与分析

通过对常见的几种轰燃定义的对比分析,对轰燃进行了新的定义,认为轰燃是室内火灾发展到一定阶段引起非连续介质着火燃烧的现象;在此基础上,根据燃烧学原理提出了轰燃发生的机理,即可燃挥发份和高温烟气层接触发生的剧烈氧化还原反应;并提出了预测轰燃的通用判据,即火灾时室内其它可燃物热解产生的可燃挥发份迅速和空气混合,达到其着火浓度下限且接触到超过可燃物自燃点的高温烟气层。     

基于剩余强度分析的民用飞机发动机非包容性损坏下机体结构安全性评估技术研究 安全性评估技术研

在总结大型民用飞机非包容性损坏下机体结构安全性评估方法的基础上,基于转子碎片无限能量的假设,分析了发动机各级转子非包容性损伤碎片对民用飞机机体结构和吊挂的损伤区域和量化分析方法,建立了非包容性损坏下机体结构的有限元模型,跟梁理论、板壳理论结合有限元分析结果总结了适用于民用大型飞机结构的强度校核方法和安全性评估途径,对非包容性损坏下机体结构的安全性评估技术进行了总结,并结合实例进行了说明。分析结果表明,此方法能够对结构进行有效评估。