加力燃油计量装置的AMESim 仿真研究

为获得加力燃油系统数字化仿真与性能验证平台,采用功能划分的方法分析了典型计量装置的功能模块,确定了伺服阀-随动活塞、计量活门-等压差活门是决定计量装置动态特性的主要组成部分,对其进行了数学建模。鉴于获得的数学模型描述系统特性时缺乏相关元件特性参数的设计依据,建立了由计量活门、等压差活门、电液伺服单元等组成计量装置的AMESim模型,计算主要结构参数后仿真分析了其稳态和动态特性。结果表明:基于控制系统构成的加力燃油计量装置功能划分与数学建模可为仿真研究与参数设计提供指导,AMESim可用于动态过程仿真与性能预测。     

液压减震器动力特性的影响因素研究

介绍了摩托车液压减震器的结构及原理，建立了其动力特性的理论模型。通过数字仿真计算研究了液压油的容性、感性等对减震器动力特性的影响情况，得出了两者影响刚好相反的结论，并与实际测量结果对比，验证了模型的正确性。这对减震器性能优化及结构改进具有指导价值，为建立基于几何尺寸参数的减震器动力特性模型奠定了基础。     

进口速度分布对短突扩压器性能的影响

在任意曲线坐标系下，对环型燃烧室的三维流场进行了数值计算，研究了四种不同的进口速度分布对扩压器性能的影响。计算结果表明，进口速度大小和方向都对扩压器性能有重要影响，进口速度分布均匀以及方向贴近扩压器壁面，有利于提高扩压器的性能。计算中采用标准ｋ－ε双方程紊流模型，采用控制容积法进行离散，在非交错网格体系下用ＳＩＭＰＬＥ法求解     

扇翼气动特性试验研究

通过对扇翼飞行器采用风洞试验的方法,研究横流风扇在不同风扇转速、来流速度、迎角、前缘开口角和叶片安装角下的升力、阻力和需用功率,得到相关的试验数据,并进行了处理分析。结果表明:风扇转速是影响扇翼升推力的主要因素,不同迎角和来流速度下扇翼的气动特性也不相同,前缘开口角和叶片安装角对扇翼的气动特性影响也比较大。本试验进一步验证了扇翼的工作原理以及获得控制扇翼飞行器升推力的方法,为大尺寸扇翼无人机的设计制作提供技术支撑。     

摩擦作用下金属氧化反应的机理

某些金属在空气中摩擦时生成的润滑性氧化膜由于具有低摩擦系数、高耐磨性和自修复等特点越来越受到关注。摩擦过程中氧化膜的生成速度超过磨损速度是获得有效润滑的必要条件。摩擦氧化的动力学机制不同于热氧化，本文基于致密氧化膜的抛物线生长模型研究了摩擦状况下的氧化膜生长规律，使之尽早获得推广应用，具有广阔的市场前景     

Solar cycle and latitude dependence of high-beta suprathermal plasma conditions in interplanetary space between 1.3 and 5.4 AU

The analysis of energetic particles and magnetic field measurements from the Ulysses spacecraft has shown that in a series of events, the energy density contained in the suprathermal tail particle distribution is comparable to or larger than that of the magnetic field, creating conditions of high-beta plasma. In this work we analyze periods of high-beta suprathermal plasma occurrences (β_ep > 1) in interplanetary space, using the ratio (β_ep) of the energetic particle (20 keV to ∼5 MeV) and magnetic field energy densities from measurements covering the entire Ulysses mission lifetime (1990–2009) in order to reveal new or to reconfirm some recently defined interesting characteristics. The main key-results of the work are summarized as follows: (i) we verify that high-beta events are detected within well identified regions corresponding mainly to the vicinity of shock surfaces and magnetic structures, and associated with energetic particle intensity enhancements due to (a) reacceleration at shock-fronts and (b) unusually large magnetic field depressions. (ii) We define three considerable features for the high-beta events, concentrated on the next points: (a) there is an appreciable solar-activity influence on the high-beta events, during the maximum and middle solar-cycle phase, (b) the annual peak magnitude and the number of occurrences of high events are well correlated with the sunspot number, (c) the high-beta suprathermal plasma events present a spatial distribution in heliographic latitudes (HL) up to ∼±80°, and a specific important concentration on the low (−25° ? HL < −6°, 6° < HL ? 25°) and median (−45° ? HL < −25°, 25° < HL ? 45°) latitudes. We also reconfirm by a statistical analysis the results of Marhavilas and Sarris (2011), that the high-beta suprathermal plasma (β_ep > 1) events are characterized by a very large parameter β_ep (up to 1732.5), a great total duration (406 days) and a large percentage of the Ulysses-mission lifetime (which is equal to 6.34% of the total duration with usable measurements, and 11.3% of the duration in presence of suprathermal particles events).     

跨声速风洞斜孔壁非线性流动试验

为分析跨声速风洞斜孔壁近壁区域的流动特性，评估气流偏角-压力系数的非线性关联，在0.6 m跨超声速风洞中开展了基于七孔探针的流动特性测量试验。通过气流偏角和压力系数分布分析了斜孔壁流动的差阻特性，以及马赫数、模型升力对斜孔壁流动的影响，最后基于试验结果发展了计算斜孔壁特性参数的微分法，并与经验方法结果进行对比。结果表明，斜孔壁流动呈现出明显的差阻性和非线性，在负压差范围内，近壁流动仍以出流为主；高亚声速时，空风洞模型区孔壁流动特性趋于实壁；安装模型后，随着升力的增大，升力面对应的孔壁区域流动向入流发展，孔壁流动特性趋于开口边界。     

Diurnal and seasonal variations of F2 layer characteristics over Irkutsk during the decrease in solar activity in 2003–2006: Observations and IRI-2001 model predictions

The diurnal and seasonal variations of F2 layer characteristics (critical frequency, peak height and bottomside thickness) over Irkutsk, Russia (52.3 N and 104.3 E) are studied by the method of running medians. The comparison with the IRI-2001 model during the decrease in solar activity in 2003–2006 revealed cases of both close agreement and systematic differences between predictions and observations. The systematic difference is not the only reason for disagreement between IRI and observations; there are also intrayear variations which are not associated with seasonal behavior. The period of observation was too short to make conclusions about solar activity dependence of the noon bottomside thickness and the modification of its diurnal behavior with decreasing solar activity.     

套齿连接转子简化建模及动力特性分析

在进行转子和整机计算时建立套齿结构接触模型会增加计算量，降低计算效率，直接将套齿结构省略又无法体现其刚 度特性变化对转子动力特性的影响。针对该问题，基于航空发动机单圆柱面套齿连接的结构和力学特征，建立了考虑构件间界面 接触状态的力学特征分析模型，提出了考虑套齿结构刚度随参数变化的简化建模方法，并与套齿接触模型进行了对比分析。建立 了单圆柱面套齿连接结构转子简化模型，开展了相应的转子动力特性试验，对比分析了拧紧力矩对转子模态频率的影响。结果表 明：转子简化模型与试验模型最大计算误差小于5%，证明套齿结构简化建模方法具有较高的可靠性和准确性，可为工程实践中高 效开展含套齿结构转子及整机动力学准确计算分析提供方法与参考。     

加热切削GH135吸收会焦辐射能的研究

本文介绍了采用高效金属素灯作为加热热源切削ＧＨ１３５等难加工材料的方法。采用该方法可有效改善难加工材料的切削性能，本文重点介绍了辐射能量传递的分析及有效的能量公式。同时指出该方法投产少，使用简单，便于推广等特点，因此具有很好的应用前景。