亚声速三角翼俯仰振动涡结构及升力特性研究

本文介绍在暂冲式三声速风洞中实现了非常流动的多片光蒸汽屏显示技术和测力技术，并用这两项技术研究了亚声速时７０°后掠三角翼模型仰振的非定常流动现象，探讨了由于三角翼模型俯振动产生的涡结构人向气动力特性之间的相关关系。     

EB-PVD制备箔材的厚度均匀性研究

从真空蒸镀中使用的小平面蒸发源理论出发,针对电子束物理气相沉积中为改善箔材厚度分布所须旋转大基板进行蒸镀的情况,建立了该过程的数学模型;并利用该模型对不同的坩埚位置所沉积的箔材厚度进行了定性分析,从而实现了对坩埚与基板相对位置的优化,使基板上沉积的箔材厚度分布可以达到最均匀的状态.最后通过K值的提出使理论和实际箔材厚度的结果趋于一致,即证明所建立的数学模型是合理的.     

新型高温/超高温热障涂层及制备技术研究进展

简单介绍了先进航空发动机高温/超高温热障涂层(TBCs)的研究背景、意义和现状;简述了近年来国际上在新一代超高温TBCs方面的研究进展。重点介绍了近年来北京航空航天大学在新型高温/超高温TBCs方面的研究成果,包括新型超高温、高隔热陶瓷隔热层材料,1 150℃以上新型抗高温氧化金属粘结层材料,以及电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)、等离子体激活EB-PVD(PA EB-PVD)和等离子物理气相沉积(PS-PVD)等新型制备工艺。最后对TBCs在未来高性能航空发动机上的应用及发展趋势进行了展望。     

极性面导致新型纳米结构的生长

以氧化锌粉为原料,采用化学气相沉积的方法,通过控制沉积温度、压强、沉积时间等实验条件获得了2种氧化锌纳米材料的新形貌。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、X射线能谱仪等仪器进行了表征,并对氧化锌纳米材料的生长机制进行了探讨。     

有磁场时电子在航天器光电子鞘层中的漂移运动

采用二级漂移近似理论，研究了在航天器光电子鞘层中与电流收集有关的电子在磁场中的运动轨道和收集电子有关的磁瓶结构，结果表明当磁场越强，航天器表面电势越弱，磁瓶在无穷远处横截面积就越小。在光电子鞘层中，势垒对电流收集影响较大，磁瓶的横截面积在略远于垫垒处有极大值，磁瓶在无穷远处的横截面积并非随着势垒距航天器距离的远近而单调变化。     

A global survey of COSMIC ionospheric peak electron density and its height: A comparison with ground-based ionosonde measurements

With a network of ground-based ionosondes distributed around the world, the ionospheric peak electron density and its height measured by FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC satellites in terms of GPS radio occultation technique are extensively examined in this article. It is found that, in spite of the latitude, the mean values of the peak electron density measured by COSMIC satellites are systematically smaller than those observed by ground-based ionosondes. The discrepancy between them is dependent on the latitude, namely, it is small in low and mid-latitudes and large in high-latitude region. Moreover, statistical analysis shows that the slopes of the regression line that is best fitted to the scatter diagram of occultation-retrieved peak electron density (ordinate axis) versus ionosonde-observed peak density (abscissa axis) are universally less than one. This feature is believed to be the result of path average effect of non-uniform distribution of the electron density along the GSP ray during the occultation. A comparison between COSMIC-measured peak height and ionosonde-derived peak height hmF2 indicates that the former is systematically higher than the latter. The difference in the two can be as large as 20% or more in equatorial and low-latitude regions. This result implies that the peak height hmF2 derived from the virtual height through true height analysis based on Titheridge method seems to underestimate the true peak height. The correlation between COSMIC and ionosonde peak electron densities is analyzed and the result reveals that correlation coefficient seems to be dependent on the fluctuation of the occultation-retrieved electron density profile. The correlation will be higher (lower) for the electron density profiles with smaller (larger) fluctuations. This feature suggests that the inhomogeneous distribution of the electron density along the GPS ray path during the occultation plays an important role affecting the correlation between COSMIC and ionosonde measurements.     

Near-real time monitoring of the TEC fluctuations over the northern hemisphere using GNSS permanent networks

Since the early 1990s, global positioning system measurements have been used to study of the state and rapid changes of the Total Electron Content in the ionosphere. Currently, the increasing number of permanent stations makes it possible to generate maps of the irregularities in the ionosphere for specified regions with sub-daily resolution. The main goal of this work was to apply global navigation satellite system observations to obtain information about ionospheric variability around the North Geomagnetic Pole. In order to detect the ionospheric disturbances, 30-s observation data was used. The Rate of Total Electron Content Index was applied as a measure of the variability in the ionosphere. The first analyses were executed using more than 100 permanent stations. The results show two kinds of products: 2-hour maps in spherical geomagnetic coordinates and daily maps presenting the occurrence of the strong Total Electron Content fluctuations as a magnetic local time function, for the most disturbed days of April 2010. Apart from the main product of the algorithm, the Rate of Total Electron Content time series for individual satellite tracks was presented. The results demonstrated very good sensitivity of the obtained maps, which can detect even quite weak disturbances. The presented algorithm developed at the Geodynamic Research Laboratory of the University of Warmia and Mazury, in cooperation with Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radiowave Propagation, will be applied in the near future to create near-real time service of the conditions in the ionosphere based on the Global Navigation Satellite Systems observations.     

肼类动态标准气体发生装置的设计

研制了用于制取肼类标准气体的动态配气装置。该装置通过精密控制的蠕动泵连续不断地注射一定量的肼类液体 ,同时以加热的高纯氮气作为载气 ,在动态中混合均匀后得到一定体积分数的肼类标准气体。结果显示 ,在载气温度、载气流量以及环境温度一定的条件下 ,通过控制进给流量可制备体积分数为 (0 .1～ 10 0 )× 10 -6的肼类标准气体     

Latitudinal variation of the topside electron temperature at different levels of solar activity

A database of electron temperature (T_e) measurements comprising of most of the available satellite measurements in the topside ionosphere is used for studying the solar activity variations of the electron temperature T_e at different latitudes, altitudes, local times and seasons. The T_e data are grouped into three levels of solar activity (low, medium, high) at four altitude ranges, for day and night, and for equinox and solstices. We find that in general T_e changes with solar activity are small and comparable in magnitude with seasonal changes but much smaller than the changes with altitude, latitude, and from day to night. In all cases, except at low altitude during daytime, T_e increases with increasing solar activity. But this increase is not linear as assumed in most empirical T_e models but requires at least a parabolic approximation. At 550 km during daytime negative as well as positive correlation is found with solar activity. Our global data base allows to quantify the latitude range and seasonal conditions for which these correlations occur. A negative correlation with solar activity is found in the invdip latitude range from 20 to 55 degrees during equinox and from 20 degrees onward during winter. In the low latitude (20 to −20 degrees invdip) F-region there is almost no change with solar activity during solstice and a positive correlation during equinox. A positive correlation is also observed during summer from 30 degrees onward.     

战术导弹大迎角高M数绕流特性分析

某战术导弹高马赫数大迎角蒸汽屏流动显示和测力试验先后在中国空气动力研究与发展中心0.6m跨超声速风洞中进行,本文给出了M数为0.8、2.0、4.0,模型迎角为20°、30°、40°时的部分结果.结果表明:模型在大迎角下出现十分复杂的涡系图像;随着M数或迎角的增加,涡的尺寸及其离弹身的高度都增大;当模型状态对称时,流动图像基本上是对称的,而当模型状态不对称时,流动图像也不对称.测力结果与流动显示图像结果具有较好的一致性.