级间进出口几何角度对压气机气动性能和封严效果的影响

为了削弱级间泄漏流对压气机性能的不利影响,提出了一种基于Coanda型几何进出口的级间结构,并以一个亚声速单级轴流压气机为研究对象,数值模拟了5°,10°,20°三种不同级间进出口几何角度对压气机性能的影响。结果表明:改进后的级间进出口几何结构使得压气机流量和效率均略有提升。分析原因是级间出口泄漏流以较小角度与主流汇合,增大了静叶进口气流的轴向速度、径向速度,使得静子通道流动堵塞程度减轻,总压损失减小,扩压能力增强。同时,新结构还减小了级间泄漏流的流量系数,改善了级间封严效果。5°,10°,20°角度下的压气机效率最大分别提升了0.68%,0.63%,0.62%。     

介质阻挡放电等离子体的温度测量

在空气介质阻挡放电中,利用氮分子振动谱线和氮分子离子的转动谱线,研究了振动温度和转动温度在两极板间的分布情况。结果表明：越靠近极板振动温度越小,中间振动温度最高;而转动温度在两极板间基本保持不变。     

Mathematical modeling of plasma drifts over equatorial low latitude regions

This paper presents a mathematical model to simulate ionospheric plasma drifts at equatorial low latitude regions by coupling of E- and F-regions. The governing non-linear differential equations (of elliptic and parabolic nature) are solved numerically through finite-difference schemes and obtained neutral winds and electric fields. The temperature and electron density profiles are generated utilizing MSIS-86 atmospheric model. The continuity equation is employed to obtain night-time E-region density profile using measured ionograms at Trivandrum (India). The computed vertical and zonal plasma drifts are comparable with measured Jacamarca plasma drifts with little variations during noon and evening times. The plasma drifts at Trivandrum (8.5° N, 76.5° E, dip 0.5° N) are compared with those of Jicamarca (12° S, 76.9° W, dip 2° N). Neutral wind simulations of present model agree well with those of horizontal wind model (HWM-93). The post-sunset enhancement and its reversal are also discussed.     

液体火箭可贮存推进剂泄出速度影响因素分析

为提高液体火箭可贮存推进剂泄出速度，缩短泄出时间，通过分析泄出过程中推进剂流动状态及能量变化，建立了推进剂泄出速度的数学模型，按照实际设定参数计算了泄出量，计算结果与实际泄出吻合，并依据模型分析了相关因素对泄出速度的影响程度。结果表明：泄出转接波纹软管管径是影响泄出速度的主要因素，增加软管管径可显著缩短泄出时间；同时，贮箱气枕压力对泄出速度同样具有明显的影响。     

Space observations of comets during solar flares: A possible explanation for comet brightness outbursts

Problems connected with mechanisms for comet brightness outbursts as well as for gamma-ray bursts remain open. Meantime, calculations show that irradiation of a certain class of comet nuclei, having high specific electric resistance, by intense fluxes of energetic protons and positively charged ions with kinetic energies more than 1 MeV/nucleon, ejected from the Sun during strong solar flares, can produce a macroscopic high-voltage electric double layer with positive charge in the subsurface zone of the nucleus, during irradiation times of the order of 10–100 h at heliocentric distances around 1–10 AU. The maximum electric energy accumulated in such layer will be restricted by the electric discharge potential of the layer material. For comet nuclei with typical radii of the order of 1–10 km the accumulated energy of such natural electric capacitor is comparable to the energy of large comet outbursts that are estimated on the basis of ground based optical observations. The impulse gamma and X-ray radiation together with optical burst from the comet nucleus during solar flares, anticipated due to high-voltage electric discharge, may serve as an indicator of realization of the processes above considered. Multi-wavelength observations of comets and pseudo-asteroids of cometary origin, having brightness correlation with solar activity, using ground based optical telescopes as well as space gamma and X-ray observatories, during strong solar flares, are very interesting for the physics of comets as well as for high energy astrophysics.     

离子液体电喷推力器的关键技术及展望

首先介绍离子液体电喷推力器的工作原理和分类，通过与其他相同推力量级的电推力器对比进一步分析了其特点，然后总结了离子液体电喷推力器的国内外研究现状，在此基础上重点梳理了微尺度下带电粒子的产生与加速、微细制造与精密装配、推进剂贮存和供给、高升压比微功率电源处理单元以及比冲和推力测试等离子液体电喷推力器研制过程中涉及的关键技术，最后展望了小型化、模块化与推力密度提升的发展趋势并提出离子液体电喷推力器的发展构想。     

离子电推进技术的发展现状与未来

离子电推进是最具代表性和技术成熟度的电推进技术类型之一。本文从放电室技术、离子光学系统技术、放电阴极和中和器阴极技术的优势、缺憾等方面,总结了离子电推进的技术发展现状。针对未来航天任务对离子电推进更大功率、更高比冲、更简系统等新需求,分析了传统离子电推进所面临的主要技术挑战,梳理出了环型离子电推进、双级加速离子电推进、自中和离子电推进、螺旋波放电离子电推进等创新离子电推进技术发展的未来方向。     

Flow separation control on swept wing with nanosecond pulse driven DBD plasma actuators

A 15° swept wing with dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator is designed.Experimental study of flow separation control with nanosecond pulsed plasma actuation is performed at flow velocity up to 40 m/s. The effects of the actuation frequency and voltage on the aerodynamic performance of the swept wing are evaluated by the balanced force and pressure measurements in the wind tunnel. At last, the performances on separation flow control of the three types of actuators with plane and saw-toothed exposed electrodes are compared. The optimal actuation frequency for the flow separation control on the swept wing is detected, namely the reduced frequency is 0.775, which is different from 2-D airfoil separation control. There exists a threshold voltage for the low swept wing flow control. Before the threshold voltage, as the actuation voltage increases, the control effects become better. The maximum lift is increased by 23.1% with the drag decreased by 22.4% at 14°, compared with the base line. However, the best effects are obtained on actuator with plane exposed electrode in the low-speed experiment and the abilities of saw-toothed actuators are expected to be verified under high-speed conditions.     

表面介质阻挡放电等离子体体积力实验

采用粒子图像测速(PIV)技术,在2200,4800,7300,14600Pa空气压力条件下,测量了高频高压表面介质阻挡放电(surface dielectric barrier discharge,SDBD)等离子体诱导流场.根据速度场和N-S方程求解了等离子体体积力分布,分析了空气压力和激励器电压对等离子体体积力影响.实验结果表明:相同空气压力时,激励器电压越高体积力越大.相同激励器电压时,体积力随空气压力升高减小.在体积力分布区域,体积力方向一致,较大体积力区域分布于体积力方向线上游,流场高速流动区域紧挨较大体积力分布区域,位于体积力方向线下游.     

One-to-one relationship between low latitude whistlers and conjugate source lightning discharges and their propagation characteristics

One-to-one relation with its causative lightning discharges and propagation features of night-time whistlers recorded at low-latitude station, Allahabad (geomag. lat. 16.05°N, L = 1.08), India, from continuous observations made during 1–7 April, 2011 have been studied. The whistler observations were made using the Automatic Whistler Detector (AWD) system and AWESOME VLF receiver. The causative lightning strikes of whistlers were checked in data provided by World-Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN). A total of 32 whistlers were observed out of which 23 were correlated with their causative lightnings in and around the conjugate location (geom. lat. 9.87°S) of Allahabad. A multi-flash whistler is also observed on 1 April with dispersions 15.3, 17.5 and 13.6 s^1/2. About 70% (23 out of 32) whistlers were correlated with the WWLLN detected causative lightnings in the conjugate region which supports the ducted mode of propagation at low latitude. The multi-flash and short whistlers also propagated most likely in the ducted mode to this station.