北京空间机电研究所50年成就与展望

文章介绍了北京空间机电研究所50年来在回收与着陆技术、航天光学遥感技术和复合材料成型技术领域所取得的成就,并对三大技术领域的后续发展进行了展望.     

埋头焊接方法及其应力变化

针对普通焊接方式形成焊点的多种缺点,提出了针对通孔插装元器件的埋头焊接概念及各种实现方案,并对各种焊接方案进行分析对比。最后通过有限元分析软件对一种相对较优方案进行了应力变化分析,为埋头焊接的具体应用提供了实现方式参考和理论数据支持。     

一种翼身融合飞行器的失速特性研究

翼身融合（BWB）布局飞行器作为下一代商用飞机的主要构型之一，越来越受到重视。对于翼身融合飞行器的研究主要针对其巡航状态的特性，而对其失速特性的研究较少。对一种翼身融合客机构型进行风洞试验研究，采用测力试验方法对其无增升装置的构型，以及具有翼梢小翼、前缘缝翼和机身上部双吊舱的组合部件构型下的纵向特性进行研究，特别是对其失速特性的分析，并通过二维粒子图像测试技术以及油流试验对其失速过程的流动机理进行研究。结果表明，无增升装置的基本构型下，翼身融合飞行器可以保持低速飞行，而各组合构型都具有提高最大升力系数的作用。对失速过程的分析表明，随着迎角的增大，飞机表面流场分离区域从翼梢开始逐渐向翼根以及机身发展，当外翼段完全处于分离区域时，飞机并不会马上失速，因为中心体同样具有提供升力的作用，且中心体的流动分离较外翼的流动分离更晚，所以当外翼在失速迎角出现升力损失时可以通过中心体的升力进行补偿，维持其低速飞行状态，真正的失速发生在中心体出现流动分离之后。     

Evaluation of global modeling of M(3000)F2 and hmF2 based on alternative empirical orthogonal function expansions

Global modeling of M(3000)F2 and hmF2 based on three alternative EOF (empirical orthogonal function) expansion methods is described briefly. Data used for the model construction is the monthly median hourly values of M(3000)F2 from the ionosonde/digisonde stations distributed around the world for the period of 1975–1985 and the hmF2 data of the same period converted from the measured M(3000)F2 based on the strong anti-correlation existing between them. Independent data of a low (1965) and a high (1970) solar activity year are used to validate the three alternative models based on different EOF expansion methods. Comparisons between the modeled results and observed data for both the low (1965) and high (1970) solar activity years showed good agreement for both M(3000)F2 and hmF2 parameters. Statistical analysis on the differences between model values and observed data showed that all the three alternative models (Model A, B and C) based on the different EOF expansion methods have better agreement with the observed data than the models currently used in IRI. All three alternative EOF based models have almost the same accuracy. Discussion on the preference of the three alternative EOF based models is given.     

飞机载荷机构特性曲线的自动检测

基于飞机飞行品质和装备科学保障的基本要求,提出了载荷机构特性曲线自动检测的原理方案,研制了相应的通用性自动检测仪,并成功地实现了载荷机构特性曲线的实时自动检测。检测结果准确可靠,为分析飞机操纵系统品质提供了直接的参考依据,对提高飞机操纵的可靠性、安全性和维修保障性具有重要意义。     

小型化精密电机轴向预紧力调整研究

通过对液浮陀螺电机轴向预紧力调整情况及声音异常现象的分析,归纳和完善了电机轴向预紧力调整过程中的经验调法,并对电机轴向预紧力的量化调整进行了摸索和探讨,提出了较为可行的解决措施,从一定程度上保证了电机装调质量,提高了小型化精密电机装调合格率。     

经验公式与施肥效果分析的数学模型

本文利用数据拟合等方法讨论了一个数学建模问题:施肥效果分析,给出了两种模型,每种模型又都讨论了产量模型和效益模型。     

某型飞机连接螺栓断裂分析和排除

批量生产的飞机出现螺栓断裂，给飞行留下安全隐患。应深入分析其断裂原因，制定针对性排除方案，找出恰当、有效地防止此类现象发生的改进方法，以保障飞行安全。     

等臂杠杆式小力值标准装置关键技术研究

为了解决高准确度的小力值传感器和测力仪的校准问题,设计了一套小力值标准装置,其关键技术包括杠杆平衡系统的设计、专用砝码的设计、配平机构的设计等几个方面。这些关键技术保证了本标准装置的准确度,为小力值的计量校准提供了标准保障。     

On the clustering of foF2 time series corresponding to disturbed ionospheric periods

This paper presents an analysis of a set of time series that represent foF2 disturbances during storm conditions, using clustering tools. The time series under study have been drawn from ionospheric observations obtained from eight European middle latitude ionosondes during a significant number of storm-time intervals and they are divided into eight groups according to the latitude (middle to low and middle to high) and the local time of the observation point at storm onset (afternoon, evening, morning, prenoon). The time series in each group have been analyzed using clustering-based methods. Specifically, each time series has been represented using two different ways of representation: the first is the raw representation while the second is through the parameters of the autoregressive (AR) model that best represents it. For each representation a hierarchy of clusterings is produced via the complete link algorithm. The two produced hierarchies are combined to a single one and the final clustering results are extracted from the produced hierarchy. The obtained results are in close agreement with the theoretical formulations concerning ionospheric storm effects at middle latitudes. In addition, they may be proved useful in the development of more accurate ionospheric forecasting methods.