数控加工钨渗铜材料工件的工艺参数选用

针对钨渗铜材料切削性能差,在数控切削加工过程中易产生裂纹、崩料、变形等质量缺陷,从刀具、切削参数、切削液选用及走刀路线的安排等方面综合考虑,提出了解决问题的工艺方法。     

基于动力学仿真技术的TC4整体叶轮铣削参数优化

针对某航空发动机TC4整体叶轮在数控加工过程中存在颤振、加工效率低及因加工变形而导致局部超差等问题,提出了相应的铣削参数优化解决方案。在进行切削力系数辨识试验获取TC4材料的切削力系数及锤击试验获取加工系统动力学特性参数的基础上,通过综合使用自行开发的铣削加工动力学仿真软件SimuCut和国外的CutPro软件进行动力学仿真与优化,获得了优化的切削参数。使用优化的切削参数进行加工,有效地消除了颤振和因加工变形引起的局部超差,提高了加工效率。     

Prediction of cutting forces in flank milling of parts with non-developable ruled surfaces

Predicting the cutting forces required for five-axis flank milling is a challenging task due to the difficulties involved in determining the Undeformed Chip Thickness(UCT) and CutterWorkpiece Engagement(CWE). To solve these problems, this paper presents a new mechanistic cutting force model based on the geometrical analysis of a flank milling process. In the model,the part feature and corresponding cutting location data are taken as input information. The UCT considering cutter runout is calculated according to the instantaneous feed rate of the element cutting edges. A solid-discrete-based method is used to precisely and efficiently identify the CWE between the end mill and the surface being machined. Then, after calibrating the specific force coef-ficients, the mechanistic milling force can be obtained. During the validation process, two practical operations, three-axis flank milling of a vertical surface and five-axis flank milling of a nondevelopable ruled surface, are conducted. Comparisons between predicted and measured cutting forces demonstrate the reliability of the proposed cutting force model.     

Cutting force model and damage formation mechanism in milling of 70wt% Si/Al composite

High-mass fraction silicon aluminium composite(Si/Al composite) has unique properties of high specific strength, low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent wear resistance and weldability. It has attracted many applications in terms of radar communication, aerospace and automobile industry. However, rapid tool wear resulted from high cutting force and hard abrasion, and damaged machined surfaces are the main problem in machining Si/Al composite. This work aims to reveal the mechanisms of milli...     

不同材质刀具在7075铝合金高速铣削中的磨损研究

为了研究7075铝合金高速铣削中不同材质刀具的磨损与选用,采用化学气相沉积法（（CVD）制备微米（MCD）/纳米（NCD）金刚石涂层刀具,利用场发射扫描电镜观察膜层的表面形貌,结合拉曼谱仪分析CVD金刚石涂层刀具薄膜的结构和成分;分别采用同规格尺寸的硬质合金刀具、MCD涂层刀具在无润滑干切条件下,进行粗加工高速铣削试验,观测两种刀具在加工一定距离后的磨损状况;分别采用同规格尺寸的硬质合金刀具、MCD涂层刀具、NCD涂层刀具在无润滑干切条件下,进行精加工高速铣削试验,观测和分析工件精加工铣削后的表面粗糙度值。结果表明：在大切深高速粗加工铣削7075铝合金时,MCD涂层刀具的寿命为硬质合金刀具的3倍;在小切削深度大进给的高速精加工7075铝合金中,三种刀具铣削后的工件表面粗糙度平均值分别为0.981、1.122和0.960 μm,NCD涂层刀具的加工效果要优于MCD涂层刀具;同时通过同一材质刀具的粗、精加工试验对比,发现同规格尺寸的刀具在小切深大进给高速精加工中的寿命是大切深大进给高速粗加工寿命的10倍。这说明7075铝合金的粗加工铣削优选MCD涂层刀具,精加工铣削优选NCD涂层刀具。     

Cutting tool temperature prediction method using analytical model for end milling

Dramatic tool temperature variation in end milling can cause excessive tool wear and shorten its life, especially in machining of difficult-to-machine materials. In this study, a new analyt-ical model-based method for the prediction of cutting tool temperature in end milling is presented. The cutting cycle is divided into temperature increase and decrease phases. For the temperature increase phase, a temperature prediction model considering real friction state between the chip and tool is proposed, and the heat flux and tool-chip contact length are then obtained through finite element simulation. In the temperature decrease phase, a temperature decrease model based on the one-dimension plate heat convection is proposed. A single wire thermocouple is employed to mea-sure the tool temperature in the conducted milling experiments. Both of the theoretical and experi-mental results are obtained with cutting conditions of the cutting speed ranging from 60 m/min to 100 m/min, feed per tooth from 0.12 mm/z to 0.20 mm/z, and the radial and axial depth of cut respec-tively being 4 mm and 0.5 mm. The comparison results show high agreement between the physical cutting experiments and the proposed cutting tool temperature prediction method.     

碳纤维增强复合材料铣削和钻孔技术研究进展

碳纤维增强复合材料(特别是碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料和碳/碳复合材料)具有比强度和比模量高、耐高温、抗腐蚀等特点,被广泛应用于航空航天等领域.由于碳纤维增强复合材料硬度高、脆性大、层间剪切强度低等特点,使其在加工中容易出现毛刺、分层、撕裂等加工缺陷,并且刀具磨损快、耐用度低.针对碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料和碳/碳复合材料的加工问题,从铣削和钻削两个方面讨论了加工参数、加工刀具、切削力预测以及超声振动钻孔和螺旋铣孔等方面的技术,总结了目前提高碳纤维增强复合材料加工质量的工艺方法.     

透平叶片变切削加工工艺数据库设计与开发

透平叶片是透平机械的核心零件之一,因其复杂的曲面造型和低刚度性,被认为是机械加工中的难题.通过Visual Basic编程语言进行叶片切削工艺数据库开发,在功能上实现面向叶片工艺变切削参数智能推荐、相似工艺实例推理和数控加工工序卡片、程序清单的输出,方便企业用户使用,提高工作效率和准确性..     

难加工材料切削用量可优化区间的限定

针对传统切削用量优化方法在自动化程度较高以及大量使用难加工材料领域时局限,对刀具磨损随切削用量的变化趋势与广义刀具耐用度公式和马卡洛夫最优切削速度公式两种数学模型的符合程度进行比较,分析基于两种数学模型的优化方法的适用性和限制,提出使用磨损指数确定切削用量可优化区间边界条件的方法,分析多项切削用量可优化区域的特点.     

钛合金径向超声振动铣削表面粗糙度研究

为提高钛合金零件加工质量,设计了径向超声振动辅助铣削试验装置,研究了切削速度、切削深度、进给速度和超声振动幅值对钛合金零件表面粗糙度的影响规律.试验结果表明,与普通铣削相比,径向超声振动铣削后工件上的刀痕更加平整、分布更加均匀,材料去除更彻底,有效减少了由于钛合金切屑粘刀造成的表面划痕和积屑瘤等现象.在不同的切削参数下,径向超声振动铣削均可以改善钛合金零件的表面粗糙度,这一点在低速切削时更为明显,而超声振动幅值过大或过小都会影响加工质量.对加工系统的切削力进行了分析,发现超声振动辅助铣削时系统的切削力明显减小,有助于提高加工系统的稳定性,从而能够获得较好的表面质量.