试验设计在软件可靠性测试中的应用

为了有效利用资源、优化测试数据,在软件可靠性测试中引入试验设计:在操作剖面开发过程中应用正交试验设计,选择典型操作;在测试数据生成过程中使用组合设计,结合发生概率得到优化测试数据集.完整的软件可靠性测试过程包括确定系统模式剖面,然后根据正交试验设计确定操作剖面,根据组合设计确定运行分类,最后生成可靠性测试数据执行测试.在此基础上开发了测试数据自动生成工具,进行了实例应用.结果表明该方法不仅能为软件生成可靠性测试数据,还能发现更多的软件缺陷.      

超高强度钢37SiMnCrNiMoV的储存效应研究

采用超高强度钢37SiMnCrNiMoV制造高压容器,在某些情况下储存会显著降低其使用性能,这种现象被称为储存效应.本文以应力腐蚀破坏时间变化来衡量储存效应的强弱.研究了储存时间与储存后除氢处理对储存效应的影响.研究结果表明储存效应的实质是在第二类内应力诱导下由环境向材料内部渗氢并集聚到峰值应力区,进而在夹杂物尖端产生显微裂纹的过程.      

基于缺陷概率特点的粉末冶金材料寿命预测概率模型

粉末冶金材料由于其制造工艺的特点,强度和寿命对微缺陷（夹杂、气孔、表面划伤）十分敏感,导致了粉末冶金材料的破坏具有较大的分散性,使得寿命预测更为困难。本文根据国内粉末材料中缺陷的分布特点,基于文献[79]中概率断裂分析的思路,对原有方法进行了修正和推广,重新给出了缺陷在表面、亚表面以及内部时的定义及缺陷在这些不同位置时出现概率断裂的确定方法,建立了一个可考虑缺陷形状、大小、位置等分布特征的粉末冶金材料寿命预测概率模型,并基于此计算了不同尺寸缺陷位于不同位置时材料的失效概率及总失效概率。分析表明:所给出的方法可以很好的表征国内工艺条件下粉末冶金材料缺陷的概率特征对强度寿命的影响,方法是有效的。      

基于边缘与非边缘分开处理的印刷品缺陷检测

针对印刷品缺陷检测问题,通过对经典缺陷识别算法的研究,提出了一种边缘点与非边缘点分开处理的印刷品检测缺陷识别算法。算法以统计过程原理为出发点,根据边缘点和非边缘点不同的像素特征,对非边缘点采用统计阈值法处理,对边缘点采用邻域平均值与梯度值相结合的算法处理。该算法经过实验证明,能够有效地剔除伪疵点,提取出真正的缺陷。     

Effects of cerium salts on corrosion behaviors of Si–Zr hybrid sol–gel coatings

The present work examines the effects of cerium salts on corrosion behaviors of Si–Zr hybrid sol–gel coatings. The Si–Zr hybrid sol–gel coatings on a 2A12 aluminum substrate were prepared through hydrolysis and condensation of glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxy-silane(GTMS) and zirconium(IV) n-propoxide(TPOZ). Used as inhibitors for corrosion, three types of cerium salts(Ce(NO_3)_3, CeCl_3, and Ce(CH_3COO)_3) were doped into the sol–gel coatings. Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were employed to investigate the structures and morphologies of various coatings, and the corrosion resistances of the coatings were evaluated by electrochemical methods and neutral salt spray tests. Experimental results indicate that the addition of cerium salts can hinder the process of corrosion due to their self-healing abilities. Furthermore, the sol–gel coating doped with Ce(CH_3COO)_3 has the best corrosion resistance because of the promotions of hydrolysis and condensation provided by CH_3COO.     

XP过程对软件缺陷影响分析

XP方法测试驱动和多版本发布的实践,决定了软件产品集成测试也是一个增量迭代的过程。用户使用测试对提高产品的可靠性有重要作用。本文探讨XP测试过程对软件缺陷的影响及其缺陷改正效率的度量。     

飞机结构腐蚀疲劳寿命预估工程方法研究

简要地说明了飞机结构在腐蚀环境中的破坏模式、腐蚀破坏的分析预估方法和结构服役日历年限预估方法。通过算例说明了分析过程。     

Sm2Zr2O7基热障涂层材料研究现状

由于航空发动机不断向高效率、高推重比方向发展,发动机热端部件表面热障涂层的服役条件也越来越苛刻。稀土锆酸盐作为新型热障涂层材料,其开发和应用受到越来越多国内外学者的关注。Sm₂Zr₂O₇材料在一系列稀土锆酸盐中具有烧绿石结构稳定、低热导率和高热膨胀系数等优点,具有良好的应用前景。为满足热障涂层更高的服役要求,Sm₂Zr₂O₇的掺杂改性及性能研究也成为了研究热点。首先,对热障涂层材料进行了简要概述,然后就Sm₂Zr₂O₇基陶瓷材料及其涂层的晶体结构、热物理性能、力学性能以及抗腐蚀性能等的研究进展进行了详细的介绍,为该材料在热障涂层领域的研究及应用提供参考。     

Comparative investigation on high-speed grinding of TiCp/Ti–6Al–4V particulate reinforced titanium matrix composites with single-layer electroplated and brazed CBN wheels

In order to develop the high-efficiency and precision machining technique of Ti Cp/Ti–6Al–4V particulate reinforced titanium matrix composites(PTMCs), high-speed grinding experiments were conducted using the single-layer electroplated cubic boron nitride(CBN) wheel and brazed CBN wheel, respectively. The comparative grinding performance was studied in terms of grinding force, grinding temperature, grinding-induced surface features and defects. The results display that the grinding forces and grinding temperature obtained with the brazed CBN wheel are always lower than those with the electroplated CBN wheel. Though the voids and microcracks are the dominant grinding-induced surface defects, the brazed CBN wheel produces less surface defects compared to the electroplated wheel according to the statistical analysis results. The maximum materials removal rate with the brazed CBN wheel is much higher than that with the electroplated one. All above indicate that the single-layer brazed CBN super-abrasive wheel is more suitable for high-speed grinding of PTMCs than the electroplated counterpart.     

不同Fe含量耐蚀钛合金(Ti-500)的腐蚀性能

研究了Fe含量在0.05%-0.20%(质量分数）范围内对Ti-500合金的焊接和腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：Fe含量在0.05%-0.20%范围时，Ti-500合金具有良好的焊接性能，焊缝具有很强的腐蚀抗力；Ti-500合金在沸腾8M HNO3溶液中的腐蚀率小于0.1mm/y，溶液中添加Ru^3 ,Cr^6 ,Ce^4 离子能显著提高合金的耐蚀性。