Cooperative guidance of seeker-less missile considering localization error

To perform an accurate fire-and-forget attack of seeker-less missile with the consideration of the localization error, a new cooperative guidance strategy of multi-missiles is proposed in this work. Firstly, an estimated position of the seeker-less missile is carefully selected, based on which the slant angle of the line between the estimated and real positions of the seeker-less missile is approximately derived inspired by the localization theory of GPS(Global Position System).Then, respectively based on the guidance law considering the impact angle and time constraints, the consensus theory and the finite-time convergence approach, three cooperative guidance laws employing the previously obtained slant angle are derived for intensive attack to address either a stationary or maneuvering target. Simulation results well demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed cooperative guidance strategy.     

生产关系就是分配关系

在马克思的著作中对生产关系的论述本来是清楚的、明确的，牛产关系和分配关系是不可分割的统一体，它们构成了一定社会的生产方式。把生产关系定义为三因素的观点是理论开倒车的行为。     

Cooperative formation control of multiple aerial vehicles based on guidance route in a complex task environment

In recent years, formation control of multi-agent has been a significant research subject in the field of cooperative control. However, previous works have mainly concentrated on formation control for simple point-mass model and linear model. In contrast, this paper presents a novel cooperative algorithm for multiple air vehicles formation control, which aims to devise a control strategy based on guidance route to achieve precisely coordinated formation control for a group of fixed-wing aircraft in a complex task environment. The proposed method introduces the leader-follower structure for effective organization of the multi-agent coordination. Moreover, the Partial Integrated Formation and Control (PIFC) is adopted to design the control law for Guidance-Route based Formation Control (GRFC). Additionally, the proposed approach designs two guidance-route generation strategies for two special situations to demonstrate the effectiveness of GRFC in complex task environments. Theoretical analysis reveals that the proposed control protocol for guidance command can ensure the overall stability and tracking accuracy of the system. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the theoretical results, and verify that the proposed approach can achieve coordinated formation control precisely in a complex task environment.     

Multiple-constraint cooperative guidance based on two-stage sequential convex programming

An improved approach is presented in this paper to implement highly constrained cooperative guidance to attack a stationary target. The problem with time-varying Proportional Navigation (PN) gain is first formulated as a nonlinear optimal control problem, which is difficult to solve due to the existence of nonlinear kinematics and nonconvex constraints. After convexification treatments and discretization, the solution to the original problem can be approximately obtained by solving a sequence of Second-Order Cone Programming (SOCP) problems, which can be readily solved by state-of-the-art Interior-Point Methods (IPMs). To mitigate the sensibility of the algorithm on the user-provided initial profile, a Two-Stage Sequential Convex Programming (TSSCP) method is presented in detail. Furthermore, numerical simulations under different mission scenarios are conducted to show the superiority of the proposed method in solving the cooperative guidance problem. The research indicated that the TSSCP method is more tractable and reliable than the traditional methods and has great potential for real-time processing and on-board implementation.     

Integrated cooperative guidance framework and cooperative guidance law for multi-missile

An integrated cooperative guidance framework for multi-missile cooperatively attacking a single stationary target is proposed in this paper by combining both the centralized and decentralized communication topologies. Once missiles are distributed into several groups, missiles within a single group communicate with the centralized leader-follower framework, while the leaders from different groups communicate using the nearest-neighbor topology. To implement the integrated cooperative guidance framework, a group of Finite-Time Cooperative Guidance (FTCG) laws considering the saturation constraint on FOV (FTCG-FOV) are firstly derived within the centralized leader-follower framework to satisfy the communication topology of missiles in a single group. Then, an improved sequential approach is developed to adapt the FTCG-FOV to satisfy the communication topology between groups. The numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and high efficiency of the integrated cooperative guidance framework and the cooperative guidance laws, as well as the superiority of the developed sequential approach.     

小天体柔性附着状态协同估计方法

针对小天体附着过程易发生倾覆、反弹导致任务失败问题,提出“柔性附着”概念,替代传统小天体探测的刚性附着模式,为提高小天体附着任务可靠性提供新的解决思路和技术途径。在此基础上,针对柔性着陆器的状态估计问题展开研究。首先建立了柔性着陆器近似模型,提出了柔性着陆器“等效面”概念及柔性着陆器姿态的近似表征方式,进而提出了柔性附着状态协同估计方法,并通过数值仿真检验了柔性着陆器状态协同估计的可行性。     

Cooperative task assignment of multiple heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicles using a modified genetic algorithm with multi-type genes

The task assignment problem of multiple heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicles （UAVs）, concerned with cooperative decision making and control, is studied in this paper. The heterogeneous vehicles have different operational capabilities and kinematic constraints, and carry limited resources （e.g., weapons） onboard. They are designated to perform multiple consecutive tasks cooperatively on multiple ground targets. The problem becomes much more complicated because of these terms of heterogeneity. In order to tackle the challenge, we modify the former genetic algorithm with multi-type genes to stochastically search a best solution. Genes of chromo- somes are different, and they are assorted into several types according to the tasks that must be performed on targets. Different types of genes are processed specifically in the improved genetic operators including initialization, crossover, and mutation. We also present a mirror representation of vehicles to deal with the limited resource constraint. Feasible chromosomes that vehicles could perform tasks using their limited resources under the assignment are created and evolved by genetic operators. The effect of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated in numerical simulations. The results show that it effectively provides good feasible solutions and finds an optimal one.     

空中交通管制专业英语教学新模式探讨

空中交通管制(简称空管)方向学生的英语应用能力主要是听说能力,且应是专业英语听说能力,而传统的以阅读和翻译为主的专业英语教学模式显然不能适应这一要求。本文提出了中外教师课堂合作专业英语教学的新模式,并从课程组建设、学习过程管理和多元化测评体系等方面提出建议,这对提高空管方向学生专业英语应用能力具有重要意义。     

对当前农民法律意识的调查及建议

采取问卷调查的方法，对陕西一个普通村庄的农民的法律意识进行了调查。对调查结果进行了分析，归纳出了当前农民法律意识的四个特点和产生这些特点的五方面原因，并据此提出了四条建议，以期全社会共同努力，共创农村法制工作美好明天。     

带有引诱角色的有限时间协同制导方法

为实现高价值飞行器的有效突防，采用突防飞行器携带一枚防御器的协同突防方案，在突防器作为引诱角色的情况下，基于有限时间控制理论提出了一种带有拦截角约束的协同制导方法。基于飞行器相对运动学方程和一阶动力学特性，建立了带有拦截角约束的协同反拦截模型；用度量矩阵刻画系统有限时间输入输出动态品质，基于微分线性矩阵不等式给出了有限时间状态反馈控制器设计方法。数学仿真表明，该方法能够确保防御器在有限时间内以预置的拦截角有效拦截对方拦截器；在突防器进行引诱配合的情况下，协同突防方案能够大幅节省防御器需用加速度，验证了协同制导方法的有效性；同时，所提制导方法在不同拦截角度和初始发射条件下都能达到较好的控制效果，表现出较强的鲁棒性。