环形叶栅分离旋涡频谱特性研究

施加非定常气流脉动激励将大幅度减少叶栅分离损失。而激励的效果与本身的气流脉动频率以及强度等因素有关。为了考察非定常气流脉动激励对叶栅气流分离的作用,以及激励作用效果最佳时激励脉动频率与叶栅分离旋涡脱落频率之间的关系,进行了叶栅分离旋涡脱落频率的测量。实验在环形叶栅实验台上进行,利用IFA300热线风速仪等测试仪器进行实验,分析了不同实验条件下环形扩压叶栅后流动脉动的分布情况。结果表明,在不同迎角以及不同测量位置处(叶中和端壁压),所测环形扩压叶栅后的流动分离均存在某一特征频率。此外对导流叶栅后和环形扩压叶栅后的流动情况的对比说明了在叶轮机械非定常流中流动分离频率的锁定(lockon)现象[1]。     

在大分离区内使用三孔探针测试的探索

随着叶轮机领域研究的深入,在非定常大分离区进行测试的要求开始提出。传统的三孔探针进行稳态测量,校准范围一般在±18°左右。在笔者进行的平面叶栅吹风试验中,由于试验工况的攻角比较大,测试位置靠近端壁,因此栅后不同点气流的角度变化很大。针对这种情况,笔者将三孔探针的校准范围扩大到了±50°,并对数据处理进行了合理的改进。     

压气机双圆弧串列叶栅流动性能的试验研究

本文对三种不同弦长比、弯度比的双圆弧串列叶栅改变其轴向位移和周向偏距等参数,组合成24种不同几何参数的串列叶栅,在进口马赫数M_1=0.3,雷诺数R_e=2.7×10~5进行了吹风试验,得到其主要流动特性,如气流转角Δβ和气流流动总压损失系数ω随气流迎角i的变化关系,并找出其在最佳状态下主要几何参数的变化范围。     

超音轴向分速风扇/压气机叶栅流动特征分析

本文介绍了三种带冲波的超音轴向分速叶型设计,及其叶栅流场计算,分析了这些叶栅流场特征。在计算的反压条件下,全部波系均控制在槽道内,叶栅槽道内存在不同大小的轴向分速超音区,这种叶型叶栅可承受的增压比高,总压恢复系数较低,这类叶栅的性能和流动特征尚缺少实验数据和理论分析。     

压气机叶片的带平台圆弧形前缘

带平台圆弧形前缘的研究是为了优化前缘形状，抑制前缘流动分离。研究中使用了数值模拟方法和氢气泡流动显示实验方法。对带平台圆弧形前缘设计参数做了定义，并讨论了参数选择的准则。此前缘特有的双吸力峰的强度远远弱于圆弧形前缘的单吸力峰。在不同攻角下，其削弱前缘吸力峰，抑制流动分离的效果不亚于椭圆形(长短轴比=2)前缘，而且对加工精度要求低，更适合工程实际应用。     

高压涡轮导向器扇形叶栅试验研究

本文介绍了国内首次在平面叶栅风洞上进行的涡轮导向器扇形叶栅的试验方法和试验结果。扇形段由五个真实的高压涡轮导向叶片组成。试验中通过调整扇形段出13凸块的高度，可以获得满足要求的径向压力梯度。试验结果表明：该涡轮导向器扇形段叶栅在M2h≤1．05时，叶中截面处在带冷气和不带冷气时出口气流参数周向分布较均匀，周期性较好：在设计状态下．带冷气和不带冷气时靠近叶中的几个截面的出口气流参数沿径向的分布变化很小。     

大型空间环境模拟设备中氮气源的设计

氮气源系统是根据我国大型空间环境模拟设备对纯净氮气的需要而设计的。文章介绍了该系统的主要理论计算部分,包括压缩机供气量的估算、主管路管径的选择、汽化器换热能力的计算、电加热器功率的计算等。     

A combined application of micro-vortex generator and boundary layer suction in a high-load compressor cascade

In the current study, the effects of a combined application between micro-vortex generator and boundary layer suction on the flow characteristics of a high-load compressor cascade are investigated. The micro-vortex generator with a special configuration and the longitudinal suction slot are adopted. The calculated results show that a reverse flow region, which is considered the main reason for occurring stall at 7.9° incidence, grows and collapses rapidly near the leading edge and leads to two critical points occurring on the end-wall with the increasing incidence in the baseline. As the micro-vortex generator is introduced in the baseline cascade, the corner separation is switched to a trailing edge separation by the thrust from the induced vortex. Meanwhile, the occurrence of failure is delayed due to the mixed low energy fluid and main flow. The synergistic effects between the micro-vortex generator and the boundary layer suction on the performance of the cascade are superior to the baseline at all the incidence conditions before the occurrence of failure, and the sudden deterioration of the cascade occurs at 10.3° incidence. The optimal results show that the farther upstream suction position, the lower total pressure loss of the cascade with vortex generator at the near stall condition. Moreover, the induced vortex with a leg can migrate the accumulated low energy fluid backward to delay the occurrence of stall.     

Cathode design investigation based on iterative correction of predicted profile errors in electrochemical machining of compressor blades

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is an effective and economical manufacturing method for machining hard-to-cut metal materials that are often used in the aerospace field. Cathode design is very complicated in ECM and is a core problem influencing machining accuracy, especially for complex profiles such as compressor blades in aero engines. A new cathode design method based on iterative correction of predicted profile errors in blade ECM is proposed in this paper. A math-ematical model is first built according to the ECM shaping law, and a simulation is then carried out using ANSYS software. A dynamic forming process is obtained and machining gap distributions at different stages are analyzed. Additionally, the simulation deviation between the prediction profile and model is improved by the new method through correcting the initial cathode profile. Further-more, validation experiments are conducted using cathodes designed before and after the simulation correction. Machining accuracy for the optimal cathode is improved markedly compared with that for the initial cathode. The experimental results illustrate the suitability of the new method and that it can also be applied to other complex engine components such as diffusers.     

等离子体激励对串列叶栅流动分离抑制效果的数值仿真

为了探究不同等离子体激励布局对串列叶栅角区流动分离抑制的效果,采用数值仿真方法,在流动分离前施加激励,对不同布局激励前后流场的流场结构和总压损失沿流向分布进行对比,分析了等离子体激励布局对串列叶栅角区流动分离的影响,以及激励对串列叶栅气流掺混的影响。结果表明:在来流马赫数为0.5、攻角为4°时,ACU2布局激励对流动分离有较好的抑制作用,总压损失系数减小10.74%;ACU2-ACU5组合激励对抑制后排叶片的角区分离有较好效果,总压损失系数降低25.09%。