新型内突扩加力燃烧室方案可行性分析

介绍了一种新型内突扩加力燃烧室方案,具有质量轻、尺寸小、红外隐身功能突出等优点;在分析当前高推重比发动机需求的基础上,结合目前国内外加力燃烧室的技术水平,根据新一代军用发动机的加力燃烧室进气参数,论证了该方案所具有的现实可行性。     

机翼尾迹脱落涡噪声的理论研究

Ｍｉｃｈｅｌ等人１９９８年应用平面传声器阵列对飞机过顶噪声进行的测量研究首次发现，机翼尾迹脱落涡噪声是某些类型飞机重要的噪声源。为发展一种预测这种噪声源的理论预测模型，应用ｖｏｎ Ｋａｒｍａｎ涡街模型模拟二维机翼下游尾迹脱落涡，尾迹涡的强度和脱落频率应用这个模型进行计算。基于Ｈｏｗｅ后缘噪声理论，并结合尾迹模型，本文发展了一种预测脱落涡噪声声压级和指向特征的气动声学模型。对６架现代商用飞机的机翼尾迹脱落涡噪声的计算表明，本文理论模型预测的涡脱落频率、声压级以及噪声的指向性等与实验测量结果有较好的一致性。     

铝粉颗粒燃烧产物的平均弥散度计算研究

采用金属颗粒的扩散燃烧模型和燃烧产物的均匀多相成核理论，对铝粉燃烧所形成的Al2O3平均弥散度进行了计算研究。根据计算结果，对铝粉燃烧区域中的温度、燃烧产物的过饱和度及其凝聚成核速率的变化规律进行了分析讨论。并研究了环境因素对上述多数和铝粉燃烧产物平均弥散度的影响。     

燃速仪压强的自动控制方案

本文介绍了一种燃速仪压强的自动控制方案.这种方案结构简单,工作可靠.经过燃速实验测定,在4MPa压强时,其压强波动相对误差小于±1%.该方案应用于固体推进剂中止实验时,没有废气回流污染中止表面,也不影响降压速率的测量.     

航空发动机燃烧室主燃区特性的研究

采用FLUENT6．1软件对某型机燃烧室主燃区的各个典型工作状态进行三维两相湍流燃烧的速度场、温度场、油滴轨迹进行了数值模拟计算。通过对计算结果的分析，得出了主燃区的特性：主燃区的冷热区决定了出口温场冷热区，其效率决定了燃烧室的效率；随着负荷增加，油滴轨迹明显呈缩短趋势，模拟计算结果与试验结果及燃烧室工作特点比较吻合。     

A Comparative Study of the Influence of the Active Young Sun on the Early Atmospheres of Earth, Venus, and Mars

Because the solar radiation and particle environment plays a major role in all atmospheric processes such as ionization, dissociation, heating of the upper atmospheres, and thermal and non-thermal atmospheric loss processes, the long-time evolution of planetary atmospheres and their water inventories can only be understood within the context of the evolving Sun. We compare the effect of solar induced X-ray and EUV (XUV) heating on the upper atmospheres of Earth, Venus and Mars since the time when the Sun arrived at the Zero-Age-Main-Sequence (ZAMS) about 4.6 Gyr ago. We apply a diffusive-gravitational equilibrium and thermal balance model for studying heating of the early thermospheres by photodissociation and ionization processes, due to exothermic chemical reactions and cooling by IR-radiating molecules like CO₂, NO, OH, etc. Our model simulations result in extended thermospheres for early Earth, Venus and Mars. The exospheric temperatures obtained for all the three planets during this time period lead to diffusion-limited hydrodynamic escape of atomic hydrogen and high Jeans’ escape rates for heavier species like H₂, He, C, N, O, etc. The duration of this blow-off phase for atomic hydrogen depends essentially on the mixing ratios of CO₂, N₂ and H₂O in the atmospheres and could last from ∼100 to several hundred million years. Furthermore, we study the efficiency of various non-thermal atmospheric loss processes on Venus and Mars and investigate the possible protecting effect of the early martian magnetosphere against solar wind induced ion pick up erosion. We find that the early martian magnetic field could decrease the ion-related non-thermal escape rates by a great amount. It is possible that non-magnetized early Mars could have lost its whole atmosphere due to the combined effect of its extended upper atmosphere and a dense solar wind plasma flow of the young Sun during about 200 Myr after the Sun arrived at the ZAMS. Depending on the solar wind parameters, our model simulations for early Venus show that ion pick up by strong solar wind from a non-magnetized planet could erode up to an equivalent amount of ∼250 bar of O⁺ ions during the first several hundred million years. This accumulated loss corresponds to an equivalent mass of ∼1 terrestrial ocean (TO (1 TO ∼1.39×10²⁴ g or expressed as partial pressure, about 265 bar, which corresponds to ∼2900 m average depth)). Finally, we discuss and compare our findings with the results of preceding studies.     

变几何喉道对超燃冲压发动机点火与燃烧性能的影响

1引言超燃冲压发动机能高速飞行且能利用空气中的氧气作氧化剂,增加了有效载荷,因而备受重视,但它需要在较高的飞行马赫数下才能工作,因此受到较大的限制。由于双模态超燃冲压发动机可以将工作飞行马赫数下限降低至Ma=3,发动机在飞行马赫数Ma=3~6时以亚燃冲压模态工作,在马赫数     

计算跨声速机翼尾涡流自适应区域方法

本文利用自适应区域方法调节机翼后每个Ｔｒｅｆｆｔｚ平面上的计算域，使得尾涡对这个计算域边界的影响足够小，从而提高了计算的精度和时间。考虑到间断面的影响，在尾涡面上引入有旋项对流场进行计算。椭圆载荷机翼计算表明本文计算结果与经典Ｂｅｔｚ理论一致。用本文方法对某轰炸机进行了计算，计算结果已用于预计其实际飞行的尾涡面。     

超音速燃烧室燃烧效率数学模型及气流状态参数的计算

本文分析及提出了超音速燃烧冲压发动机燃烧室燃烧效率的数学模型.该模型综合了氢气喷射方式、燃烧室进口气流参数以及燃烧室结构的影响因素.用这一数学模型求解一组一元流方程.计算出通过燃烧室的气流状态参数,计算结果与试验数据对比,证明这个模型是适用的.     

尖顶襟翼／涡襟翼干扰对三角翼背风面流动的影响

本文详细地叙述了实验马赫数为０．８和１．５，攻角直到２５°时，尖顶襟翼／涡襟翼干扰对三角翼背风面流动的影响。用蒸汽屏和纹影技术，显示出涡系干扰的流动图像；测量了尖顶襟翼在不同偏角下，三角翼上表面展向压力分布。数据分析表明：偏角、攻角和马赫数对背风面流动特性有重要的影响。指出涡系干扰仅在负偏角下可增大机翼升阻比。