激光增材制造钛合金构件的化学抛光工艺研究

采用HNO3-HF抛光液对激光选区熔化钛合金制件进行化学抛光,以试样表面粗糙度、减薄及失重变化为指标探究了抛光过程中不同温度和时间对钛合金增材制件抛光效果的影响。通过电化学测量、拉伸试验、残余应力测试等方法对比分析了化学抛光前后钛合金试样的电化学和力学性能。结果表明在温度30℃、反应时间10min下抛光钛合金可以取得较理想的抛光效果,试样表面粗糙度减小、耐腐蚀性能提高。化学抛光后钛合金的强度出现小幅下降,内部原有的残余应力由拉应力转变为压应力。     

CVD SiC纤维的组分与强度

采用射频ＣＶＤ法制备出连续ＳｉＣ（Ｗ）纤维，利用ＸＰＳ分析手段研究了纤维的元素组成及形态与强度的关系，结果表明，纤维中的杂质特别是自由Ｓｉ的存在对纤维抗拉强度有很大影响。     

化学气相沉积法制备纳米铁薄膜的实验研究

纳米铁薄膜是近年来国内外纳米材料科学关注的前沿领域之一,在诸多领域有广泛应用。目前大规模低成本制备方法还有待研究。以铁丝为原材料,利用羰基金属的化学特性,采用化学气相沉积法在石英基片上沉积纳米铁薄膜,利用扫描电子显微镜对不同条件下制备的薄膜进行了分析。结果表明采用以纯铁为原始材料,可以在较宽的实验条件下形成不同特点的纳米铁薄膜。     

Failure of EB-PVD Thermal Barrier Coatings Subjected to Thermo-Mechanical Loading

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) were developed to protect metallic blades and vanes working in turbo-engines. The two-layered structure TBCs, consisting of NiCoCrAlY bond coat and yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), were deposited on a cylinder of superalloy substrate by the electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). The failure mechanism of the TBCs was investigated with a thermo-mechanical fatigue testing system under the service condition similar to that for turbine blades. Non-destructive evaluation of the coated specimens was conducted through the impedance spectroscopy. It is found that the crack initiation mainly takes place on the top coat at the edge of the heated zones.     

化学气相渗透制备氧化硅基复合材料

 以正硅酸乙酯为氧化硅先驱体,以 Nextel4 80纤维三维编织体作为沉积载体,采用化学气相渗透的方法制备了 Nextel4 80 /氧化硅复合材料。研究了正硅酸乙酯温度和沉积温度对沉积速率和渗透效果的影响,分析了沉积过程中产生瓶颈效应和固相粉末的原因以及沉积产物的相和复合材料的显微结构。结果表明 :1沉积速率随正硅酸乙酯温度和沉积温度的升高而显著升高;2瓶颈效应是由于正硅酸乙酯浓度过高,导致沉积速率过快引起的;3固相粉末是因为沉积温度过高,正硅酸乙酯分子或分解的过渡产物在到达沉积区域前已经完全分解引起的;4正硅酸乙酯为先驱体的化学气相沉积产物为无定型氧化硅;5化学气相沉积获得的无定型氧化硅基体与纤维有较佳的热匹配。     

二维过渡区含化学反应的喷流干扰流场DSMC/EPSM仿真

构造可仿真含化学反应的稀薄／连续不同流动区域的DSMC／EPSM混合算法，应用该算法，数值模拟过渡区有横向喷流干扰的二维有限平板高超声速化学反应流场，分析流场结构和物面气动系数分布等特性，充分反映稀薄／连续混合区域高超声速流动中的化学反应效应，同时通过与DSMC算法比较，论证DSMC／EPSM混合算法的可行性与计算效率相对提高的优越性。     

Tomographic determination of the spatial distribution of water vapor using GPS observations

With the advent of the GPS navigation system, a promising ground based technique has been introduced which makes it possible to estimate the amount of water vapor in the troposphere from operational GPS networks at relatively low additional costs. While the estimation of the integrated amount is currently well established, the determination of the spatial water vapor distribution and its temporal variation are still a major challenge. To account for the vertical resolution, several tomographic approaches were pursued. We developed the software package AWATOS (atmospheric water vapor tomography software) which is based on the assimilation of double differenced GPS observations. Applying a least-squares inversion, the inhomogeneous spatial distribution of water vapor is determined. An extensive investigation has been carried out in Switzerland. GPS measurements are performed by the dense permanent Swiss national GPS network AGNES of the Swiss Federal Office of Topography (swisstopo). A total of 40 equally distributed water vapor profiles have been estimated on an hourly basis. For the purpose of validation, 22 radiosonde profiles were used at the GPS and meteorological station Payerne. Furthermore, data of the numerical weather model aLMo (alpine model in Switzerland, MeteoSwiss) were compared with the tomographic results. An overall good agreement of the three methods with an rms of better than 1.6 g/m³ absolute humidity was achieved. The results show that AGNES can be used as a dedicated network for the purpose of GPS-tomography, using a horizontal resolution of approximately 50 km and height layers of 300–500 m thickness in the lower troposphere.     

汽室型铷原子频标中微波腔的小型化

讨论了实现汽室型铷原子频标微波腔小型化的技术途径,给出了自主研制的小型化微波腔的三维仿真结果和外型结构,介绍了以新研制的小型微波腔为基础构成的小型化腔泡系统。小型化微波腔的研制成功,使整个物理系统的体积减小。在小型化的条件下,整机短期频率稳定度达到了国际同类产品水平。     

From Titan’s tholins to Titan’s aerosols: Isotopic study and chemical evolution at Titan’s surface

In the present work, we focused on the possible isotopic fractionation of carbon during the processes involved in the formation of Titan’s tholins. We present the first results obtained on the ¹²C/¹³C isotopic ratios measured on Titan’s tholins synthesized in laboratory with cold plasma discharges. Measurements of isotopic ratio ¹²C/¹³C, done both on tholins and on the initial gas mixture (N₂:CH₄ (98:2)) used to produce them, do not show any evident deficit or enrichment in ¹³C relatively to ¹²C in the synthesized tholins, compared to the initial gas mixture. This observation allows to go further in the analyses of the ACP experiment data, including part of the Cassini–Huygens mission.