基于PXI平台的半球谐振子相位幅度控制

半球谐振子作为半球谐振陀螺的核心部件之一,其振动参数的测试对自身结构设计与加工过程的参数优化具有至关重要的作用。作为测试系统的重要组成部分,本文设计并实现了基于PXI平台应用LabVIEW编程的半球谐振子相位幅度控制系统,针对测试中存在的谐振频率的漂移和振幅衰减等问题给出了解决方案。实物测试结果表明：该测试系统能有效地实现半球谐振子的相位跟踪及能量控制,可解决开环测试方案下谐振子的频率漂移问题以及初始振幅不一致对谐振子振动性能参数测试的影响,具有快速性好、控制精度高、功能扩展便捷等优点,极大提高了半球谐振子批量化生产与测试效率。     

微玻璃半球壳体谐振子的设计、制备与表征

近年来美国国防高级研究计划局大力推进三维壳体谐振陀螺(尤其是高性能半球谐振陀螺)的微型化,以实现惯导级性能的微机械振动陀螺。提出发泡法制备直径小于1cm的微壳体谐振子,利用发泡剂在高温下释放气体,使软化后的玻璃在气压差和表面张力的作用下形成三维轴对称壳体。大气环境下多普勒测振仪的测试结果表明,利用发泡法制备的微壳体谐振子的酒杯二阶模态的谐振频率为11kHz,频率分裂值为72Hz,相对裂解值为0.65%,相应的品质因子Q值约为970和1127。发泡法有望提供一种低成本、高性能微壳体谐振子的制备方法。     

半球谐振陀螺研究现状与发展趋势

半球谐振陀螺是基于哥氏效应测量角速度的新型固态陀螺,具有结构简单、精度高、功耗低、寿命长、可靠性好、抗空间辐射等优点,是捷联惯性导航系统的理想陀螺仪,在宇航领域具有独特的应用优势。半球谐振陀螺的理论精度不受量子尺寸效应限制,是高精度、微型化陀螺的重要发展方向之一。首先介绍了半球谐振陀螺的基本工作原理,其次介绍了半球谐振陀螺的发展历程,综述了半球谐振陀螺的国内外研究现状,最后对半球谐振陀螺的发展趋势进行了展望。     

计及横向剪切效应的环形谐振子理论研究CSCD

经典环形谐振子理论是一种基于忽略横向剪切变形假设建立的环理论,因而无法准确求解高径比较大的环问题。为了克服上述不足,基于Timoshenko理论和哈密顿原理,建立考虑横向剪切效应的环形谐振子新理论,包括广义本构关系、平衡方程和周期性条件等。利用经典的布勃诺夫-伽辽金法,并结合有限元法,获得谐振子在缓慢、匀速转动过程中二阶弯曲角频率和进动系数的理论解。研究表明,横向剪切变形会在一定程度上影响环形结构二阶弯曲角频率和进动系数的计算结果;环形谐振子的进动系数不是恒定的,它会随着高径比h/r的增大而缓慢地减小。     

Effect of injection scheme on asymmetric phenomenon in rectangular and circular scramjets

The asymmetric separation has a crucial effect on the performance of the scramjet. In this study, the asymmetric separation and combustion in both rectangular and circular scramjets are investigated numerically, and the effect of injection scheme is analyzed. The characteristics of the flow field are analyzed based on sufficient code verification. In the rectangular scramjet, the separation tends to occur in the corner due to the corner boundary-layer effect. The separation is asymmetric and only two corners have serious separation. The fuel penetration depth in the separation zone increases and the combustion is intensified. When the injection scheme is uniform, both the combustion and separation become weak. In the circular scramjet, the separation and combustion are basically axisymmetric in the scramjet with one-row injection scheme. The asymmetric combustion becomes obvious in cases with multi-row injection scheme. When the injection orifices distribute intensively on the top and bottom sides, the strongest and weakest separations occur near these two sides respectively. When the distribution of orifices becomes uniform, the direction of separation cannot be predicted. For multi-row cases, the nonuniform injection scheme could result in violent combustion and asymmetric flow structures compared with the uniform injection scheme.     

碳纤维复合材料波导器件成型技术

以某卫星用高精度、复杂谐振腔波导器件为对象,设计了碳纤维复合材料铺层及工艺成型方案,通过模具表面金属层转移法,制备了内腔表面金属化的碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)谐振腔波导,进行了高低温环境试验。结果表明:碳纤维复合材料谐振腔内腔型面精度、平整度等均满足设计指标,经历100次-196~120℃高低温循环后,表面金属层/碳纤维复合材料基体结合良好。与殷钢谐振腔相比,碳纤维复合材料谐振腔减重72%。     

MCGA-assisted ignition process and flame propagation of a scramjet at Mach 2.0

The ignition process and flame propagation with ethylene fuel in cavity-stabilized scramjet by a Multi-Channel Gliding Arc(MCGA) at Mach 2.0 were investigated. Effects of equivalence ratios on the MCGA-assisted ignition process and flame propagation of the scramjet were recorded by two high-speed cameras from different view angles. The discharge characteristics of MCGA are also collected synchronously with the high-speed cameras. The distributions of temperature, velocity, and equivalence ratios...     

石英谐振加速度计振梁内部热应力的抑制方法研究

石英谐振加速度计具有抗干扰能力强、准数字输出和易于集成等优点，但温漂成为了制约其稳定性指标的关键因素。本文通过全石英无异质材料设计和热应力隔离结构方案有效抑制加速度计振梁内部产生的热应力。传感器敏感结构由惯性质量块、铰链、固定基底和微谐振器组成，均采用石英晶体材料制备，且两个微谐振器呈差动布置可以通过差分对振梁内热应力进行部分抑制。通过微谐振器的四边形框架设计可以将工作环境中产生的热应力与振梁隔离，再对固定基底上的热应力敏感部分进行拓扑优化设计来抑制工作时从固定锚点处传递至振梁内部的热应力。本文对石英谐振加速度计进行了全温度下的有限元仿真计算分析，工作环境温度从室温到75 ℃，微谐振器振梁内部产生的热应力经优化后减少了99.41%以上。     

Mixing and combustion characteristics in a scramjet combustor with different distances between cavity and backward-facing step

The mixing and combustion characteristics in a cavity flameholding combustor under inlet Mach number 2.92 are numerically investigated with ethylene injection. Dimensionless distance is defined as the ratio of the actual distance to the height of the combustor entrance. The cavity shear-layer mode, the lifted cavity shear-layer mode, and jet wake mode with upstream separation are observed respectively with dimensionless distance equals to 1.5, 4.5, and 7.5. In both non-reacting and reacting flow...     

半球谐振陀螺的基础理论研究

针对半球谐振陀螺的几个基本理论问题,对包括环形谐振子和半球谐振子的动力学理论、控制理论和信号处理理论等进行了系统的阐述和总结,建立了包括谐振子振动频率和进动特性、激励系统稳定性、信号处理等在内的半球谐振陀螺的基本理论框架,以期为今后的具体工程提供理论指导。