针刺炭布/网胎复合织物的组分形态及性能研究

将T-300炭纤维平纹布和聚丙烯腈（PAN）预氧化纤维网胎预复合,接力层叠、针刺、炭化后制备了炭布/网胎复合织物.在分析复合织物组分形态的基础上,研究了针刺深度和针刺密度对复合织物性能的影响.研究结果表明,随针刺深度增大,复合织物密度增大,X-Y向和Z向拉伸强度均存在极值;随针刺密度增加,复合织物X-Y向拉伸强度下降,而复合织物密度和Z向拉伸强度则存在极值.     

红外分光光度法测定压缩气体中油含量的测量不确定度评定

以四氯化碳为吸收液采集压缩气体中的油类物质,用红外光度法测定油含量,依据JJF 1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》,评定了红外光度法测定压缩气体中油含量结果的不确定度。分析了影响不确定度的因素,对各不确定度分量进行了分析和计算,当压缩气体中油测量结果为5.52mg/m³时,扩展不确定度为0.68mg/m³。     

Φ10 mm 碳纤维复合材料管成型工艺及性能研究

对外径为Φ10 mm碳纤维复合材料管成型工艺及性能进行了研究。结果表明,采用热缩工艺成型的碳纤维复合材料管工艺简单、质量可靠,Φ10 mm碳纤维复合材料管件弯曲刚度与不锈钢管相当,弯曲强度为不锈钢的3倍以上,质量仅为不锈钢的50%,尺寸精度满足设计要求。     

碳纤维表面微观结构的定量化表征方法

通过使用Matlab编程处理日本东丽T300、国产GCF-1和GCF-2等3种碳纤维样品断面的扫描电镜照片,采用二值标签算法获得了碳纤维的直径及圆度等碳纤维物理特征定量数据。建立了采用直线方程切线法寻找并计算碳纤维表面沟槽的数量及尺度的方法,发现3种碳纤维样品的边缘沟槽的深度及宽度的分布均符合Weibull分布的特征。3种碳纤维的表面物理特征随温度变化的规律相同,说明其在结构上存在着一致性。经过不同温度热处理后3种碳纤维样品的圆度值变化不大,平均直径随着热处理温度的升高逐渐减小,并且表面沟槽的数量及分布的变化规律相同,说明其结构存在一致性。3种碳纤维的圆度等表面物理特征存在一定差异,T300的圆度小于国产GCF-1及GCF-2碳纤维。     

真空电子辐照对碳纤维/ 氰酸酯复合材料的影响

利用空间带电粒子模拟设备模拟真空电子辐照环境,研究真空电子辐照条件下碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料层间剪切强度和质量损失率变化规律,并利用XPS和SEM对辐照前后复合材料表面性质和断口形貌进行分析和表征。结果表明:150 keV真空电子辐照作用对碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料表面影响较大,随着真空电子辐照注量增加复合材料质量损失率先快速增加后趋于平缓,而层间剪切强度先增加后略有降低。     

MWCNT/ E 复合材料的制备及性能

利用三辊研磨分散技术制备了MWCNT/ E 复合材料。通过调节三辊研磨机入料辊和中辊的间
距,使MWCNT 在环氧树脂中均匀分散。所制备的MWCNT/ E 复合材料与纯环氧树脂相比,拉伸强度提高了
22%,弯曲强度提高了15%,导电性和导热性都得到明显改善。     

碳纤维复合壳体用基体环氧树脂研究进展

介绍了固体火箭发动机碳纤维缠绕用基体环氧树脂的种类、选择原则及适于碳纤维缠绕用基体树脂的研究进展.     

三种纳米碳材料吸波涂层设计及性能

对纳米炭黑(UC)、特导纳米炭黑(L6)、碳纳米管(CNT)三种材料在8～18 GHz波段吸波涂层进行了优化设计及吸波性能分析.结果表明,三种材料的复介电常数随着纳米碳材料质量分数的增加,其实部和虚部均以不同的速度增大.利用理论计算的Cole-Cole图,结合实验测得的复介电常数,求解出这三种材料理想的介电常数,材料的质量分数和吸波涂层的匹配厚度.结果表明,CNT的吸波效果最好,当CNT质量分数为20％涂层、厚度为1.6mm时,反射衰减率在11.2～ 15 GHz均优于-10 dB吸收峰最大值,达到29.6 dB.     

Low-dose carbon ion irradiation effects on DNA damage and oxidative stress in the mouse testis

To investigate the effects of low-dose carbon ion irradiation on reproductive system of mice, the testes of outbred Kunming strain mice were whole-body irradiated with 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 Gy, respectively. We measured DNA double-strand breaks (DNA DSBs) and oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and testis weight and sperm count at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation in mouse testis. At 12 h postirradiation, a significant increase in DNA DSB level but no pronounced alterations in MDA content or SOD activity were observed in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups compared with the control group. At 21 d postirradiation, there was a significant reduction in sperm count and distinct enhancements of DSB level and MDA content in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups in comparison with control. At 35 d postirradiation, the levels of DNA DSBs and MDA, and SOD activity returned to the baseline except for the MDA content in 1 Gy (P < 0.05), while extreme falls of sperm count were still observed in 0.5 (P < 0.01) and 1 Gy (P < 0.01) groups. For the 0.05 or 0.1 Gy group, no differences were found in DNA DSB level and MDA content between control and at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation, indicating that lower doses of carbon ion irradiation have no significant influence on spermatogenesis processes. In this study, male germ cells irradiated with over 0.5 Gy of carbon ions are difficult to repair completely marked by the sperm count. Furthermore, these data suggest that the deleterious effects may be chronic or delayed in reproductive system after whole-body exposure to acute high-dose carbon ions.     

Carbon dioxide dynamics of combined crops of wheat,cowpea, pinto beans in the Laboratory Biosphere closed ecological system

A mixed crop consisting of cowpeas, pinto beans and Apogee ultra-dwarf wheat was grown in the Laboratory Biosphere, a 40 m³ closed life system equipped with 12,000 W of high pressure sodium lamps over planting beds with 5.37 m² of soil. Similar to earlier reported experiments, the concentration of carbon dioxide initially increased to 7860 ppm at 10 days after planting due to soil respiration plus CO₂ contributed from researchers breathing while in the chamber for brief periods before plant growth became substantial. Carbon dioxide concentrations then fell rapidly as plant growth increased up to 29 days after planting and subsequently was maintained mostly in the range of about 200–3000 ppm (with a few excursions) by CO₂ injections to feed plant growth. Numerous analyses of rate of change of CO₂ concentration at many different concentrations and at many different days after planting reveal a strong dependence of fixation rates on CO₂ concentration. In the middle period of growth (days 31–61), fixation rates doubled for CO₂ at 450 ppm compared to 270 ppm, doubled again at 1000 ppm and increased a further 50% at 2000 ppm. High productivity from these crops and the increase of fixation rates with elevated CO₂ concentration supports the concept that enhanced CO₂ can be a useful strategy for remote life support systems. The data suggests avenues of investigation to understand the response of plant communities to increasing CO₂ concentrations in the Earth’s atmosphere. Carbon balance accounting and evapotranspiration rates are included.