引信半实物射频仿真中的近场效应

对引信半实物射频仿真中的近场效应进行了研究。建立了引信射频仿真中阵列单元天线在引信天线上产生球面波的相对幅值与相位,以及锥削的解析式。推导了球面波条件下引信射频仿真阵面曲率半径的计算公式。研究认为：若参试引信天线参数不满足球面波条件的计算公式时,须对近场效应的锥削进行修正。     

蒸发效应与热毛细对流耦合现象的实验研究

实验研究了矩形液池中蒸发薄液居中蒸发效应与热毛细对流的耦合机理. 对于单纯的热毛细对流稳定性从实验和理论上已有深入研究,但目前国际上对带有菇发界面的热毛细对流问题尚缺乏研究. 特别是近来的研究发现,气液界面的蒸发对热毛细对流稳定性有很大的影响. 本实验以温度为主要控制参数,测量了不同工况下蒸发界面不同点的蒸发速率和表层温度,并利用 PIV 方法分析得到了液体内的嘛场分布. 实验结果发现,随着沿界面的温差增加,蒸发液体内的流型从稳定的单涡胞结构变为稳定的多祸胞结构,并最终演变为紊流结构. 综合分析以上测量结果并与理论分析结果进行了比较。      

从干扰地对空雷达到干扰空对地雷达效果的等效推算

通过建立干扰条件下地对空雷达上视工作和空对地雷达下视工作的数学模型,结合在发现概率和虚警概率给定情况下检测因子为定值的雷达检测理论,推导出了从干扰机干扰地对空雷达时的干扰效果等效外推到干扰空对地雷达的干扰效果的推理模型。该模型具有外场可操作性。     

Effect of Processing and Composition on the Structure and Properties of P/M EP741NP Type Alloys

A study was carried out on the effects of processing and composition on the structure and properties of P/M EP741NP type alloys. The objectives of this study were to understand the role of Hf in a P/M superalloy containing high niobium used in aircraft engines and to determine the effects of extrusion and forging the powders as contrasted to HIPing (hot isostatic pressing) only. Two alloys of the P/M EP741NP composition were atomized: one alloy contained 0.26%Hf and the other was Hf free. After the as-atomized powders from both alloys were characterized, the powders were extruded into billets, forged and heat treated. After each process, the microstructures were characterized by SEM and the phases were extracted and identified by X-ray diffraction. The presence of Hf in the residues was probed by EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy). The alloys were given the published Russian heat treatment as well as a more conventional heat treatment more typical of western powder alloys. Tensile, creep and stress rupture mechanical property tests were run. Results of the structural behavior of the alloys after each processing step will be presented and discussed. The role of the Hf on the mechanical proper- ties will be discussed.     

Effect of turbulence models on predicting convective heat transfer to hydrocarbon fuel at supercritical pressure

A variety of turbulence models were used to perform numerical simulations of heat transfer for hydrocarbon fuel flowing upward and downward through uniformly heated vertical pipes at supercritical pressure. Inlet temperatures varied from 373 K to 663 K, with heat flux rang-ing from 300 kW/m2 to 550 kW/m2. Comparative analyses between predicted and experimental results were used to evaluate the ability of turbulence models to respond to variable thermophys-ical properties of hydrocarbon fuel at supercritical pressure. It was found that the prediction per-formance of turbulence models is mainly determined by the damping function, which enables them to respond differently to local flow conditions. Although prediction accuracy for experimental results varied from condition to condition, the shear stress transport (SST) and launder and sharma models performed better than all other models used in the study. For very small buoyancy-influenced runs, the thermal-induced acceleration due to variations in density lead to the impairment of heat transfer occurring in the vicinity of pseudo-critical points, and heat transfer was enhanced at higher temperatures through the combined action of four thermophysical properties: density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and specific heat. For very large buoyancy-influenced runs, the thermal-induced acceleration effect was over predicted by the LS and AB models.     

应变片测量的误差分析

应变片在测量压力方面得到广泛的应用。其种类很多 ,但是反映其基本工作原理及特性的基础结构是最早出现的丝式应变片。其特性方程是ΔRR =Kε。灵敏度K的大小受很多因素影响 ,所以是用实验方法来确定的。本文主要就应变片的粘贴质量及横向效应对应变片测量非电量的影响进行深入的讨论     

Effect of Variable Selection on Multidisciplinary Design Optimization： a Flight Vehicle Example

Different multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) problems are formulated and compared. Two MDO formulations are applied to a sounding rocket in order to optimize the performance of the rocket. In the MDO of the referred vehicle, three disciplines have been considered,which are trajectory, propulsion and aerodynamics. A special design structure matrix is developed to assist data exchange between disciplines. This design process uses response surface method (RSM) for multidisciplinary optimization of the rocket. The RSM is applied to the design in two categories: the propulsion model and the system level. In the propulsion model, RSM deter-mines an approximate mathematical model of the engine output parameters as a function of design variables. In the system level, RSM fits a surface of objective function versus design variables. In the first MDO problem formulation, two design variables are selected to form propulsion discipline. In the second one, three new design variables from geometry are added and finally, an optimization method is applied to the response surface in the system level in order to find the best result. Application of the first developed multidisciplinary design optimization procedure increased accessible altitude (performance index) of the referred sounding rocket by twenty five percents and the second one twenty nine.     

真实气体效应对高超声速轨道器气动特性的影响

基于一个7组元6反应动力学模型，采用NND差分格式求解化学反应Navier-Stokes方程，数值研究高超声速轨道器的绕流特性。重点讨论了轨道器气动特性在真实气体效应作用下对不同来流状态和不同舵偏角的敏感性。研究表明：真实气体效应主要发生在物面附近很薄的激波层内，缩短了激波的脱体距离，使激波层变薄，流动变量的梯度变大；空气的离解和电离导致轨道器的阻力系数比完全气体计算值低，压心位置前移。小攻角下，升力系数和俯仰力矩系数的真实气体计算值高于完全气体计算值，大攻角情形则相反。此外，小攻角时真实气体效应产生小低头力矩，而大攻角时产生小抬头力矩。单就舵面而言，真实气体效应使其阻力系数增大，使其升力系数和俯仰力矩系数在小攻角且非负舵偏角时变小，在大攻角且负舵偏角时变大。特别地，真实气体效应仅在零攻角且零舵偏角时对舵面的压心位置产生较大影响。     

SAR成像及干扰效果评估方法研究

合成孔径雷达(SAR)是一种高分辨率成像雷达,在工作机理上不同于传统雷达,对其实施干扰及效果评估具有其特殊性。本文简单分析了SAR成像的原理和特点,讨论了几种适用的干扰技术,并基于图像质量评估指标体系对其干扰效果进行了仿真分析。     

钟罩浮力补偿中凸轮渐开线线型设计研究

钟罩压力波动是衡量钟罩式气体流量标准装置准确度等级最关键的技术指标。通过对凸轮式浮力补偿机构中凸轮线型的设计进行的深入研究,给出了钟罩装置中凸轮的渐开线线型设计的具体方法,分析了钟罩应用中渐开线与阿基米德螺线的不同,解决了影响钟罩压力波动的关键设计问题,为进一步深入研究高准确度的钟罩提供了技术保证。