平板上钝缘舵在超声速绕流中的三维分离特性研究

对于平板上的直立钝缘舵在M_∞=1.79、2.04和2.50的条件下,研究了该平板干扰区中的三维分离特性。着重讨论了钝缘直径、舵面迎角和来流马赫数对主分离线位置和形状的影响。分析了该类三维分离在性态上更强地依赖于无粘流动特性。此外,还对分离区内的二次分离发展过程和形态进行了初步讨论。     

多尺度子域基函数矩量法解的稳定性与迭代法

通过对几个具体实例的计算，证实了在电磁场边值问题的矩量法求解过程中，选用不同的基函数其解的数值稳定性会有很大的差别。从而有可能选择一种数值稳定性比较好的基函数来进行矩量法求解。另一方面，提出了选用多尺度子域基函数，并通过多次迭代来提高矩量法解的精度的算法。实例计算表明，该算法不仅可以有效地降低系数矩阵的条件数，而且还降低了对计算机内存容量的要求，是一种有效的、稳定的算法     

Multi-channel discharge characteristics cutting by ultra-fine wire-EDM

Compared with a copper wire electrode, molybdenum wire with a poor conductor is usually used as the electrode in high speed wire-cut electrical discharge machining(HSWEDM), so the resistance of an ultra-fine wire cannot be ignored. To study the differences of discharge characteristics between the ultra-fine wire and the conventional diameter wire, the continuous discharge waveform of two kinds of wire electrodes was compared. It was found that there was a multichannel discharge phenomenon in the...     

蜂窝状薄壁管拉伸时的内陷分析

蜂窝材料因具备广阔的结构设计空间,已广泛应用于航空航天等工业领域。探索蜂窝元胞的组织结构、组分性质与材料整体性能之间的关系有助于新型功能性材料的设计开发。本文从非平面Vertex模型的势能形式出发,结合蜂窝薄壁圆管拉伸时的轴对称特征,通过变分法得到了圆管拉伸时母线满足的控制方程,揭示了边界效应是蜂窝状薄壁圆管受拉时产生内陷的原因,并结合母线控制方程的若干特解,考察了非平面Vertex模型势能形式中包含的材料性质参数与圆管拉伸后内陷程度及范围的关系。研究还指出,蜂窝材料的材料性质包含在非平面Vertex模型的势能形式中,为蜂窝状材料整体性能的研究提供了一种新的思路。     

翼身融合运输机分布式电推进系统设计及油耗评估

针对翼身融合运输机开展了分布式电推进系统的总体设计与油耗评估。通过数值计算完成了70t载质量翼身融合飞机的气动设计与优化。在巡航马赫数为0.80和10km高度的设计点,最大升阻比达到了24。通过求解积分边界层方程组,完成了电推进系统的总体设计。电推进系统包含10个推进风扇,风扇直径为1.45m，压比为1.35，巡航功率为2.94MW。建立了考虑燃烧过程的发动机一维性能模型,对发动机油耗进行了评估,获得了不同发动机循环参数下燃油消耗。建模结果表明,基于翼身融合布局和分布式电推进技术,可使运输机的油耗较C-17节省近50%。      

Case study of inclined sporadic E layers in the Earth’s ionosphere observed by CHAMP/GPS radio occultations: Coupling between the tilted plasma layers and internal waves

We have used the radio occultation (RO) satellite data CHAMP/GPS (Challenging Minisatellite Payload/Global Positioning System) for studying the ionosphere of the Earth. A method for deriving the parameters of ionospheric structures is based upon an analysis of the RO signal variations in the phase path and intensity. This method allows one to estimate the spatial displacement of a plasma layer with respect to the ray perigee, and to determine the layer inclination and height correction values. In this paper, we focus on the case study of inclined sporadic E (E_s) layers in the high-latitude ionosphere based on available CHAMP RO data. Assuming that the internal gravity waves (IGWs) with the phase-fronts parallel to the ionization layer surfaces are responsible for the tilt angles of sporadic plasma layers, we have developed a new technique for determining the parameters of IGWs linked with the inclined E_s structures. A small-scale internal wave may be modulating initially horizontal E_s layer in height and causing a direction of the plasma density gradient to be rotated and aligned with that of the wave propagation vector k. The results of determination of the intrinsic wave frequency and period, vertical and horizontal wavelengths, intrinsic vertical and horizontal phase speeds, and other characteristics of IGWs under study are presented and discussed.     

展向离散抽吸法控制边界层转捩实验研究

通过实验成功发展了一种生成大振幅稳定条带的有效方法,即展向离散抽吸方法。在此基础上,开展条带控制边界层转捩的研究。实验在水洞中进行,以零压力梯度平板边界层为研究对象,利用氢气泡时间线法观测引入条带前后人工激发转捩边界层中扰动发展变化,分析条带对转捩的控制效果及参数影响。结果表明,展向离散抽吸方法生成的稳定条带最大振幅可达28.4%U（U为自由流速度）;实验中引入的宽度14和28mm的稳定条带都能起到抑制转捩的作用;条带振幅越大、宽度越窄,抑制效果越明显。研究结果为探索降低水/空气中航行器摩阻的新技术提供有价值的参考。     

Streamwise vortex generation by the rod

The technology development related to aerodynamics is leading to ever increasing loads of wings, airfoils and turbine and compressor blades. The increase in aerodynamic forces is often leading to flow separation and depreciation of the aerodynamic performance of flying objects or propulsion systems. Flow control methods are required to avoid these negative effects. In the recent two decades the flow control by means of air-jet vortex generators has been also intensively investigated. In this method a streamwise vortex is introduced by an oblique jet. The necessity to supply air by a pipe system may be considered a disadvantage. In order to eliminate this feature, it has been proposed to put out a rod instead of a jet. It has been shown that the application of a rod can introduce the same effect as a jet, as long as the streamwise vortex generation is concerned and appropriate dimensions are used. The present paper focuses on the influence of rod vortex generators on a flow pattern downstream. The results presented here concern experimental and numerical investigations and provide guidelines for the design of a new flow control method dedicated mainly to external flows.     

带轴对称台阶的圆锥高超声速边界层转捩试验

在Ma 6风洞内，通过高频脉动压力测试技术和基于纳米粒子示踪的平面激光散射(NPLS)技术，分别对带前向、后向轴对称台阶的圆锥高超声速边界层转捩进行了试验研究。采用功率谱密度分析和互相关计算等方法对脉动压力数据进行分析，得到了边界层中扰动波的发展规律，定量分析了第二模态波的相关参数。结果显示：两种模型中第二模态波在沿流向向下游发展的过程中，其幅值均先增大再衰减、特征频率均逐渐减小；特征频率和传播速度整体上均随雷诺数的增大而增加(后台阶模型中特征频率由100 kHz增至196 kHz，前台阶中则由 97 kHz 增至174 kHz)、波长变化规律则与之相反(后台阶中由6.35 mm降至4.54 mm，前台阶由7.35 mm降至 4.66 mm )；后台阶模型中第二模态波初次出现位置比前台阶中更靠近上游，边界层转捩位置较前台阶前移。将NPLS结果与高频脉动压力测试结果进行对比，两者吻合较好。     

重型燃气轮机高雷诺数CDA叶型转捩特性数值计算

为研究重型燃气轮机的压气机叶片在高雷诺数工况下的气动性能,基于Gamma-Theta转捩模型的雷诺时均方程对某可 控扩散叶型进行了数值计算。通过对比不控制马赫数与控制马赫数,分析高雷诺数对可控扩散叶型气动性能及转捩特性的影响。 结果表明：在不控制马赫数条件下,在零攻角时,雷诺数从7×10 5 增大为9×10 5 ,总压损失增加了约391.95%;在高雷诺数工况下随 着雷诺数的增大,叶片流动损失不断增大,叶片可用攻角范围减小,同时在叶片吸力面出现激波,干扰转捩的产生。在控制马赫数 条件下,当Ma=0.6时,在零攻角工况下,雷诺数从8.2×10 5 增大为1×10 7 ,总压损失减小了约38.98%,吸力面转捩起始点从4.78%弦 长处前移至1.11%弦长处;在高雷诺数工况下,叶片流动损失随着雷诺数的增大不断减小,吸力面转捩位置前移。