叶顶抽吸对叶栅间隙泄漏流动的控制研究

为了控制压气机叶尖间隙泄漏流动,减少叶尖泄漏流和泄漏涡对压气机内部流场带来的不利影响,数值模拟研究了在压气机叶栅叶顶位置沿叶片中弧线开槽抽吸对叶尖泄漏流的控制效果,并与端壁流向开槽抽吸方案进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:叶顶抽吸和端壁抽吸直接通过影响叶尖泄漏流的结构形态,减弱间隙泄漏流强度和影响范围,从而提升压气机/叶栅性能。叶顶中游抽吸方案Slot TB对于泄漏流与泄漏涡的控制效果优于叶顶上游抽吸方案Slot TA;而机匣端壁上游抽吸方案Slot CA相较于中游抽吸方案Slot CB对叶顶流场改善效果更佳。叶顶抽吸和端壁抽吸在抽吸量为0.6%时分别可以使总压损失系数下降约3.3%和7.2%。     

典型难加工材料叶片切削加工研究

本文通过建立刀具磨损预测模型,并将该模型理论和现场生产实际相结合,在保证加工质量要求的前提下,给出了难加工材料(GH2132)经济效益最大化的切削加工参数,并在航空发动机叶片型面加工中获得验证,取得了加工质量、加工效率和加工成本的最优结合,为解决航空典型难加工材料的切削参数优化问题提供了重要依据和解决途径,这对于提高航空发动机难加工材料的加工效率和降低加工成本具有重要意义。     

A new localization theory of adaptive machining of near-net-shape blades

In the fabrication of aero-engine blades, a great deal is gained when massive material removal is avoided at the end of the process, and as little as possible material is left on the blade billet. Due to the uncertainty of pre-process, the billet shapes are inconsistent. Sometimes, the near-net-shape billet doesn’t cover the blade design surface to be cut. Therefore, blade localization is necessary for these billets before the machining. In conventional localization methods, the design surface’s location focused on guaranteeing enough material to be cut. However, because the to-be-cut surface is in near-net and free-form shape, it is difficult to find a valid localized surface model to generate the tool path. Different from the localized surface is taken as rigid in previous investigation, it is allowed to deviate from the design surface no more than the tolerance band. In term of this principle, the tolerance band is utilized to promote localization ability. A series of optimization models with different priorities is established to avoid the abandonment expensive blade billet. Finally, with the experiments performed on the near-net-shape blades, the blade localization theory and the promotion of localization ability are verified.     

某型发动机高压涡轮工作叶片叶尖裂纹修复方法

采用激光熔焊方法,修复了高压涡轮工作叶片叶尖裂纹,有效降低了发动机修理成本,提高了发动机修理的经济效益.     

大转角正弯扩压叶栅流场性能实验与数值研究

实验对不同冲角下三种叶型折转角环形压气机直、弯叶栅进、出口流场进行了详细的测量,并利用实验结果对数值模拟结果进行了校核,得到了详细的直、弯叶栅流道内的计算结果。结果表明,大折转角叶栅流道内旋涡由多涡结构向单一涡结构转变的趋势明显,叶片正弯使得流道内近吸力面的涡系径向掺混作用加强;叶展中部流动分离的加重导致集中涡系破裂,从而引起流道内气流的严重堵塞,这是损失激增的主要原因,因此,要在高负荷压气机叶栅中应用正弯叶片,必须有效抑制中部流动的恶化。     

低速离心压气机叶尖小翼设计与扩稳机理研究

为了揭示叶尖小翼对离心压气机气动性能的影响机理,采用数值模拟方法研究了NASA低速离心压气机(LSCC)附加不同叶尖小翼的气动特性,并在分析离心叶轮失稳机制的基础上探究了叶尖小翼的扩稳机理.研究结果表明:平顶型小翼对离心压气机性能影响较小,凹槽型小翼均使得压气机效率有所降低.凹槽型压力面小翼方案使得压气机综合稳定裕度增...     

高压涡轮冷却叶片叶顶结构气动与传热

开展了叶顶结构及间隙变化对高压涡轮冷却叶片气动与传热性能影响的研究,建立了四种不同叶顶结构的涡轮冷却叶片几何与数值分析模型,进行了高精度流热固耦合分析,得到了不同叶顶结构及间隙对涡轮冷却叶片气动与传热性能影响的数值分析结果。结果表明:不带射流孔叶片随着叶顶间隙的增大,总压损失增加;由于近壁面处存在的涡流,凹槽叶顶结构能够减少叶顶燃气泄漏,阻碍叶顶平面高温燃气的流动与热交换;叶顶射流孔冷却效果明显,能够大幅度降低叶顶平面温度。在相同叶顶间隙下,凹槽射流叶片具有最高的气动性能。     

航空发动机叶片榫头优化设计研究

针对航空发动机常用的2～5对齿枞树型榫头连接形式, 进行了优化设计研究。建立了7个设计变量、以重量最轻为目标并满足静强度的数学模型。在选定齿数(2, 3, 4或5对齿)的前提下, 首先进行优化计算, 取得初步最优方案后, 再进行二维有限元考核及寿命估算。通过对某发动机涡轮榫头的优化, 取得了满意的效果。      

带冠和冷却小孔涡轮叶片振动特性分析

某发动机第一级涡轮叶片是带有矩形冠和9小孔冷却涡轮叶片,为分析该级叶片振动特性,建立了有限元模型,分析了小孔、均匀温度场和非均匀温度场下、叶冠边界条件等对振动特性的影响。同时,依据共振疲劳损伤寿命理论确定叶冠的最佳间隙值,来增加使用寿命。计算结果表明:在无真实的温度场时,考虑工作时的平均温度是有效的工程处理方法;小孔对叶片振动特性的影响是较微弱的。      

An investigation on adaptively machining the leading and tailing edges of an SPF/DB titanium hollow blade using free-form deformation

Titanium hollow blades are characterized with lightweight and high structural strength, which are widely used in advanced aircraft engines nowadays. Superplastic forming/diffusion bonding (SPF/DB) combined with numerical control (NC) milling is a major solution for manufacturing titanium hollow blades. Due to the shape deviation caused by multiple heat and pressure cycles in the SPF/DB process, it is hard to manufacture the leading and tailing edges by the milling process. This paper presents a new adaptive machining approach using free-form deformation to solve this problem. The actual SPF/DB shape of a hollow blade was firstly inspected by an on-machine measurement method. The measured point data were matched to the nominal SPF/DB shape with an improved ICP algorithm afterwards, by which the point-pairs between the measurement points and their corresponding points on the nominal SPF/DB shape were established, and the maximum modification amount of the final nominal shape was constrained. Based on the displacements between the point-pairs, an accurate FFD volume was iteratively calculated. By embedding the final nominal shape in the deformation space, a new final shape of the hollow blade was built. Finally, a series of measurement and machining tests was performed, the results of which validated the feasibility of the proposed adaptive machining approach.