一种新非轴对称端壁成型方法的数值研究

根据叶栅内部二次流形成和发展的机理, 应用正弦函数和多项式函数建立了一种叶栅非轴对称端壁成型方法.采用三维时均可压缩N-S方程组求解技术, 数值研究了采用所建立的非轴对称端壁成型方法设计的跨音速直列叶栅的流动特性, 分析讨论了建立的非轴对称端壁成型方法的效果及其对叶栅流动特性的影响.计算结果表明:所建立的非轴对称端壁可以有效地抑制和延迟叶栅通道中二次流涡系的发展, 沿整个叶栅流道内总压系数明显降低, 成型过程中幅值控制函数中最大幅值约占7.5%叶高为宜, 叶栅出口位置处总压损失降低了约5.6%.      

涡轮叶栅前缘上游端壁气膜冷却的流场实验研究

对前缘上游端壁有单排和双排孔冷却的大尺寸低速涡轮导向叶栅进行了气动测量、热示踪和端壁流场显示,在吹风比1～3范围获得了叶栅内的详细流场、冷气的空间分布和端壁上的流动图案。结合先前测得的没有冷却时的流场数据,这些结果表明端壁气膜冷却对叶栅流场结构有重大影响,吹风比是主宰射流与二次流间相互作用的主要因素,双排孔喷射使冷气比单排孔喷射更贴近端壁。低吹风比喷射冷气不能到达压力面并被二次流逐渐卷离端壁;中吹风比喷射有效的抑制了二次流的形成,并使端壁流线偏向于无粘流流线,冷气很均匀的覆盖在端壁上。      

涡轮叶栅端壁表面换热系数的测量

在大尺寸低速开式叶栅传热风洞中对一种高压涡轮导向叶片构成的直叶栅通道端壁表面的换热特性进行了试验研究。在雷诺数为 750 0 0～ 30 0 0 0 0的范围内,采用热膜法测量了端壁换热系数的分布,研究了Re数对叶栅端壁换热的影响规律;同时给出了端壁平均 St数与来流 Re数之间的准则关系式     

进口不重合和轴对称造型对跨声速涡轮叶栅端壁传热特性的影响

为有效评估实际燃气涡轮叶栅进口端壁不重合和轴对称收敛端壁造型对叶栅端壁传热特性的影响,以某工业燃气涡轮第一级跨声速导向叶栅为研究对象,基于商用CFD软件ANSYS Fluent 15.0,研究了3种端壁结构:简化平板端壁、具有子午面轴对称收敛造型的实际涡轮叶栅外端壁(叶顶)和内端壁(叶根)在设计工况(进口湍流强度为16%,出口马赫数为0.85)下的流动和传热特性。计算分析了2种进口端壁不重合度(进口后向台阶高度为0、 6.78 mm)下,3种叶栅端壁结构的端壁热负荷分布、近端壁二次流结构和后台阶涡系发展。结果表明:轴对称收敛端壁造型和进口端壁不重合均会显著改变叶栅端壁二次流结构和热负荷分布规律;轴对称收敛端壁造型可在一定程度上减小端壁热负荷,尤其是叶片前缘肩部和喉部下游等易发生热腐蚀的冷却气膜难以覆盖区域;燃气涡轮实际运行中产生的进口端壁不重合导致叶栅前缘上游典型高传热区面积和强度(增大约140%)显著增大并向叶栅通道内迁移,使叶栅端壁承受着极高热负荷;实际燃气涡轮第一级导向叶栅端壁冷却方案设计必须充分考虑实际端壁造型结构和燃烧室-涡轮交界面端壁不重合对端壁热负荷分布的影响。      

Vector deflection stability control of aero-engine based on linear active disturbance rejection

Aimed at the problem of instability in engine control caused by vector deflection in experiment of turbofan engines with Axisymmetric Vectoring Exhaust Nozzle (AVEN), a vector deflection stability control method of aero-engine based on Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control (LADRC) is proposed. Firstly, based on CFD numerical simulation, aerodynamic performance model of AVEN is established, and the aerodynamic load change rule of the nozzle throat area actuator during vector deflection is revealed. Subsequently, the integrated model of AVEN/turbofan engine is established by Simulink/AMESim co-simulation. Finally, the nozzle throat area control loop based on LADRC is designed. The simulation results show that the integrated model can reflect the influence of vector deflection on the stability of the control system. The accuracy comparison between the fan rotor speed and the test data during vector deflection is larger than 1%, indicating a high degree of confidence. Compared with the conventional PID control, the designed LADRC control loop reduces the speed of the low-pressure rotor during vector deflection by 70%, which effectively improves the control stability of the vector deflection. Meanwhile, the fuel flow ratechange during the vector deflection process is smaller and more economical, which provides an important reference for engineering applications.