电网时间同步技术标准制定

电网时间同步系统对电力工业非常重要,制定电网时间同步技术标准也很重要。介绍了国家电力公司华东公司的企业标准《华东电网时间同步系统技术规范》的制定过程和主要内容,并对编制中问题及其改进加以讨论,指出制定标准货柜繁殖是电力时间同步网建设的第一步,需要各方面的协作努力,尤其是管理、培训等“软件”工作跟上去,才能使电网的时钟等“硬件”设备充分发挥作用。     

航天测控系统卫星鉴定技术研究

针对基于卫星的航天测控系统精度鉴定技术开展了深入的分析和研究,提出了较为全面的卫星鉴定的思路和技术途径。在时序比对统计方法的基础上对利用卫星进行系统误差分离的方法展开了深入研究,并将比对估计统计方法和"EMBET"自鉴定方法有机结合起来。通过可行性分析和工程应用充分验证了利用卫星对航天测控系统进行精度鉴定的可行性、正确性和优越性。     

A new simpler rotation/curvature correction method for Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model

 A new and much simpler rotation and curvature effects factor, which takes the form of Richardson number suggested by Hellsten originally for SST k-x model, is presented for Spalart and Shur's rotation and curvature correction in the context of Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model. The new factor excludes the Lagrangian derivative of the strain rate tensor that exists in the SARC model, resulting in a simple, efficient and easy-to-implement approach for SA turbulence model (denoted as SARCM) to account for the effects of system rotation and curvature, techniquely. And then the SARCM is tested through turbulent curved wall flows: one is the flow over a zeropressure- gradient curved wall and the other is the channel flow in a duct with a U-turn. Predictions of the SARCM model are compared with experimental data and with the results obtained using original SA and SARC models. The numerical results show that SARCM can predict the rotation-curvature effects as accurately as SARC, but considerably more efficiently. Additionally, the accuracy of SARCM might strongly depend on the rotation-curvature model constants. Suggesting values for those constants are given, after some trials and errors.     

Autonomous satellite navigation using starlight refraction angle measurements

An on-board autonomous navigation capability is required to reduce the operation costs and enhance the navigation performance of future satellites. Autonomous navigation by stellar refraction is a type of autonomous celestial navigation method that uses high-accuracy star sensors instead of Earth sensors to provide information regarding Earth’s horizon. In previous studies, the refraction apparent height has typically been used for such navigation. However, the apparent height cannot be measured directly by a star sensor and can only be calculated by the refraction angle and an atmospheric refraction model. Therefore, additional errors are introduced by the uncertainty and nonlinearity of atmospheric refraction models, which result in reduced navigation accuracy and reliability. A new navigation method based on the direct measurement of the refraction angle is proposed to solve this problem. Techniques for the determination of the refraction angle are introduced, and a measurement model for the refraction angle is established. The method is tested and validated by simulations. When the starlight refraction height ranges from 20 to 50 km, a positioning accuracy of better than 100 m can be achieved for a low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellite using the refraction angle, while the positioning accuracy of the traditional method using the apparent height is worse than 500 m under the same conditions. Furthermore, an analysis of the factors that affect navigation accuracy, including the measurement accuracy of the refraction angle, the number of visible refracted stars per orbit and the installation azimuth of star sensor, is presented. This method is highly recommended for small satellites in particular, as no additional hardware besides two star sensors is required.     

船载雷达综合测量精度估算方法及其应用初探

在推导极坐标系中船体变形修正公式的基础上，提出了船载雷达综合测量精度的估算方法，并对其在定位和定轨精度计算、标校及日常工作中的应用进行了探讨。     

基于广播星历的北斗绝对位置基准建立与精度分析

军事反恐、远洋或偏远地区等区域由于条件受控或受限，无法快速自建基准站网框架，因此难以获取高精度的全球绝对位置基准。基于此，提出了利用广播星历中获取的开普勒轨道参数和钟差参数，联合伪距和载波观测值，对单站多天观测文件和导航文件进行静态序贯最小二乘解算，使其定位精度收敛，进而为该区域提供一个低成本的绝对位置基准。多天连续试验结果表明：1）在静态环境下，BDS广播星历单天解的平面和高程定位精度分别为30.0cm和20.0cm，若延长观测时长至7天左右，可获得收敛解，其平面和高程方向平均精度分别达到9.5cm和14.3cm；2）用超快速星历代替广播星历，则BDS单天解平面和高程精度分别为24.3cm和37.3cm，与广播星历结果相差不大；3）对比BDS和GPS定位结果发现，BDS与GPS定位精度结果基本相当，GPS/BDS组合可显著提升定位精度和稳定性。     

北斗实时精密轨道和钟差产品解算策略及精度评定

随着北斗卫星导航系统全球星座部署即将完成，其应用领域不断扩大，实时精密服务性能受到了极大关注。基于动力学精密定轨方法，设计了北斗卫星实时轨道、钟差算法流程和解算策略。利用不同频点信号，分别计算了BDS-2和BDS-3卫星的实时精密轨道和钟差，建立了完整的轨道和钟差精度评定方法，重点对解算的实时产品的精度进行了评定。结果表明：BDS-2和BDS-3实时精密轨道和钟差产品精度均可满足大部分实时用户的需求。对于B1IB3I频点，BDS-3 MEO卫星的实时轨道精度约为26cm，径向精度约为6cm，实时钟差精度约为0.45ns，且相较于BDS-2，性能更加稳定；对于B1CB2a频点，BDS-3 MEO卫星的实时轨道精度优于20cm，精度和稳定性较高。     

三轴稳定卫星的星敏感器对地定姿精度分析

给出利用星敏感器进行惯性姿态和对地姿态确定的流程,重点分析了惯性姿态向对地姿态转换过程中的误差传播关系,给出了相应的误差传播矩阵和误差传播影响因子。仿真表明,由于坐标转换时引入轨道参数误差,误差传播影响因子一般在1~2之间,因而使得对地定姿精度较惯性定姿精度稍低。     

外弹道数据处理中航向角精确计算方法

针对国内靶场在外测事后数据处理中航向角计算存在的问题，深入分析了传统计算方法存在的缺陷，提出了两种新的航向角计算方法——坐标法和速度法，并提供了两种方法的算法和模型。在理论分析的基础上，采用实测数据对新旧三种方法比较分析，最后验证速度法是目标瞬时航向角最佳计算方法。     

导弹武器的三维射击精度评估方法

在二维命中精度定义的基础上，首次采用三维命中精度的概念，即球概率误差SEP（spherical error probable），进而给出一般条件和特殊条件下的SEP计算公式。阐述了将相关随机向量转化为独立随机向量的方法，并提出在给定脱靶量样本条件下SEP的估计和评定方法，包括代入型点估计、基于参数自助方法的置信上界估计和置信区间估计。实例证明这些方法具有良好的应用前景。