Low latitude nighttime ionospheric vertical E × B drifts at African region

The nighttime vertical E × B drifts velocities of the F2-region were inferred from the hourly hmF2 values obtained from ionosonde data over an African equatorial station, Ilorin (8.50^oN, 4.68^oE; dip lat. 2.95^o) during period of low solar activity. For each season, the plasma drift Vz is characterized by an evening upward enhancement, then by a downward reversal at 1900 LT till around 0000 LT, except for June solstice. This was explained using the Rayleigh–Taylor (R-T) instability mechanism. The occasional drift differences in Vz obtained by inferred and direct measurement over Ilorin and Jicamarca, respectively are reflective of the importance of chemistry and divergent transport system due to both the E region electric and magnetic fields instead of simple motions. The pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) magnitude is higher during the equinoctial months than the solsticial months over Jicamarca, highest during December solstice and the equinoctial months over Ilorin, suggesting the dominance of higher E × B fountain during equinoxes at both stations. The lowest PRE magnitude was in June solstice. The appearance of post-noon peak in NmF2 around 1700 LT is highest during the equinoctial months and lowest during the solsticial period. A general sharp drop in NmF2 around 1800 LT is distinct immediately after sunset, lowest during June solstice and highest in March equinox. Our result suggests that between 0930 and 2100 LT, the general theory that vertical drifts obtained by digisonde measurements only match the E × B drift if the F layer is higher than 300 km is reliable, but does not hold for the nighttime period of 2200–0600 LT under condition of solar minima. Hence, the condition may not be sufficient for the representation of vertical plasma drift at nighttime during solar minima. This assertion may still be tentative, as more equatorial stations needed to be studied for better confirmation.     

添加Ni+Nb中间层的钛合金与不锈钢扩散焊工艺研究

分别采用常规工艺和阶梯状工艺的方法,对添加Ni+Nb复合中间层的TC4钛合金与1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢真空扩散焊进行了研究.利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及能谱分析(EDS)对接头的组织结构、元素分布进行了分析,测试了接头的力学性能并分析了断口形貌和元素分布.结果表明,通过添加Ni+Nb中间层成功阻止了...     

电沉积ZrO2/Ni纳米复合材料低温高应变速率超塑性的研究

采用电沉积方法制备了平均晶粒尺寸为45nm的ZrO2/Ni复合材料,并通过拉伸和胀形试验对该材料的超塑性能进行了研究。拉伸试验结果表明:材料在温度为420~500℃,应变速率为8.33×10-4s-1~1.67×10-2s-1时均获得了高于200%的延伸率。在温度为450℃和应变速率为1.67×10-3s-1时,得到最大延伸率605%。用扫描电镜SEM对拉伸前后试件的显微组织进行了观察,发现晶粒在温度的作用下明显长大。采用内径5 mm的凹模对ZrO2/Ni复合材料进行超塑胀形试验,在温度为420~500℃获得高径比H/d高于0.5的胀形件,说明该材料具有良好的超塑性能。     

Cu-1.0% Cr亚共晶合金定向凝固组织演化

在定向凝固下计算和比较了Cu-1.0%Cr亚共晶合金组织中各相的界面生长温度,结果表明当定向凝同速率大于5αm/s时,α-Cu相的界面生长温度高于共晶组织,α-Cu相会作为初生相首先析出凝固,从而难以制备出全耦合生长的共晶组织的复合材料,计算获得的结果与实验结果相一致.另外随定向凝固速率的增加,初牛胞状α-Cu相一次枝晶间距和尖端半径以及共晶组织的体积分数都相应地减少,其中α-Cu相一次枝晶间距实验结果与KF一次枝晶间距模型计算结果较为接近.     

轴向力作用两端支承梁的固有特性和稳定性分析

推导了轴向力作用下的两端支承梁的运动微分方程,以两端支承梁的振型函数为假设振型函数,分析了不同扭转弹簧刚度下轴向力变化对梁固有频率的影响,导出了两端支承梁在临界轴向力作用下的解析表达式,讨论了扭转弹簧刚度对梁临界轴向力的影响特性.     

Phase Transformation and Microstructure of Ti50Ni48-xFe2Ndx Shape Memory Alloys

The influences of rare earth element Nd on the phase transformation and the microstructure of Ti₅₀Ni_48−xFe₂Nd_x shape memory alloys are investigated by means of electrical resistivity, optical microscopy, electron probe microanalyzer, and X-ray diffraction. The results show that TiNiFe alloys with different Nd contents exhibit two-step martensitic transformation. The start temperature of martensitic transformation increases sharply from 212 K to 267 K when 0.1 at.% Nd is added in, and then decreases gradually if Nd content further increases. The microstructure of TiNiFeNd quaternary alloys consists of TiNi matrix, Ti₂Ni second phase, and Nd₃Ni intermetallic compound. The spherical Nd₃Ni precipitate-particles evenly disperse in the matrix.     

聚偏氟乙烯/亲水性高聚物共混相容性及膜性能

采用相转移制备聚偏氟乙烯、亲水性高聚物共混膜.用绝对粘度、DSC等对PVDF/B共混体系的相容性进行了研究,测试了膜的水通量、截留率膜强度等性能.结果表明,PVDWB为部分相容体系,当PVDF/B共混比为9:1、固含量为16%时,膜的水通量达到416.0 L/m2·h,对BSA截留率达到92.8%.     

基于DS18B20的数字温度测量仪

介绍了DS18B20-线式数字温度传感器的功能特性和结构特点,分析了其工作时序,结合AT89S51给出了数字式温度测量装置的系统结构、硬件接口电路和软件设计方法。     

NeQuick模式在亚太地区扇区电离层参数f0F2的预测能力

利用亚洲、澳大利亚地区8个电离层观测台站的F2层临界频率f0F2的历史观测数据,考察了NeQuick模式预报电离层基本参数f0F2在亚太扇区的适应性.对比分析表明,此模式能比较好地预测各地的F2层临界频率,其绝对误差在南半球各站相对北半球各站较大,太阳活动高年相对太阳活动低年较大,春秋季相对夏冬季较大.其误差均方根在太阳活动高年相对太阳活动低年较大.      

SiO2f/SiO2复合材料自身及其与铜、不锈钢的钎焊

采用AgCuTi活性钎料,在880℃/10min规范下成功实现了SiO2f/SiO2自身、SiO2f/SiO2与Cu和SiO2f/SiO2与1Cr18Ni9Ti三种接头的连接。实验结果表明,三种接头中靠近SiO2f/SiO2母材的界面处均形成了一层薄薄的扩散反应层组织,反应层中出现了Ti和O的富集,根据两者的原子比例推断生成了TiO2相;另外,三种接头中心区都形成了由灰色相和白色相共同组成的Ag-Cu共晶组织,其中灰色相为Cu基固溶体,白色相为Ag基固溶体。接头剪切强度结果显示,SiO2f/SiO2/Cu接头剪切强度为12.4MPa,SiO2f/SiO2/1Cr18Ni9Ti接头剪切强度为18.4MPa,接头中的残余应力是决定接头强度大小的重要因素之一。