地基激光清除椭圆轨道空间碎片特性的计算分析

空间碎片对人类航天活动的危害很大,用高能激光减缓其危害性已受到广泛关注.针对地基激光清除椭圆轨道空间碎片问题,提出了单脉冲变轨和多脉冲变轨两种计算分析方法.仿真计算结果表明,碎片初始真近角在100°～150°附近降轨效果最佳;从激光器在地球表面可供布站的区域讲,在碎片真近角180°附近,布站区域最大;当推进激光总作用时间较短或作用距离较小时,单脉冲变轨计算模型和多脉冲变轨计算模型计算结果接近,因此可采用单脉冲变轨计算模型计算结果近似表示多脉冲作用效果.     

Elliptical formation control based on relative orbit elements

A new set of relative orbit elements（ROEs）is used to derive a new elliptical formation flying model.In-plane and out-of-plane motions can be completely decoupled,which benefts elliptical formation design.The inverse transformation of the state transition matrix is derived to study the relative orbit control strategy.Impulsive feedback control laws are developed for both in-plane and out-of-plane relative motions.Control of in-plane and out-of-plane relative motions can be completely decoupled using the ROE-based feedback control law.A tangential impulsive control method is proposed to study the relationship of fuel consumption and maneuvering positions.An optimal analytical along-track impulsive control strategy is then derived.Different typical orbit maneuvers,including formation establishment,reconfguration,long-distance maneuvers,and formation keeping,are taken as examples to demonstrate the performance of the proposed control laws.The effects of relative measurement errors are also considered to validate the high accuracy of the proposed control method.     

基于旋转阀的脉冲爆震火箭发动机实验

针对现有条件下电磁阀高频与大流量不可兼得的矛盾,设计了一种凸轮式旋转阀,以此来控制脉冲爆震火箭发动机氧化剂、燃料和隔离气体的间歇式供给.基于该旋转阀,以汽油和富氧空气为推进剂,进行了不同频率下的实验.实验结果表明,推进剂和隔离气供给压力与点火相位直接影响到能否稳定起爆.随着频率的增加,在1～ 10 Hz范围内,降低隔离氮气压力、调整点火相位可实现发动机的稳定工作;10Hz以上时,仅需要提高油气的供给压力.基于该旋转阀控制技术,脉冲爆震火箭发动机实现了工作频率30 Hz的稳定工作.     

隔舱式双脉冲发动机金属膜片设计与实验研究

为得到双脉冲发动机隔舱结构关键部件金属膜片适宜结构,通过圆板大挠度理论和断裂力学理论推导出金属膜片预制缺陷处应力强度因子计算公式,得到金属膜片在内压作用下的设计方法,建立了膜片破坏压强与结构尺寸之间定量关系,并通过6次膜片动态破坏单项实验验证了其正确性.在此基础上,利用缩比发动机分别开展了隔舱热流承压、热流打开、热流联合实验以进一步考核隔舱的工作特性.结果表明:所导出的金属膜片设计方法与实验结果较为一致,平均误差约4.394％,可以用于脉冲发动机膜片具体结构尺寸设计;隔舱承压、密封、打开、消融性能良好,可以较好满足双脉冲发动机使用要求.     

Thrust measurement method verification and analytical studies on a liquid-fueled pulse detonation engine

In order to test the feasibility of a new thrust stand system based on impulse thrust mea- surement method, a liquid-fueled pulse detonation engine （PDE） is designed and built. Thrust per- formance of the engine is obtained by direct thrust measurement with a force transducer and indirect thrust measurement with an eddy current displacement sensor （ECDS）. These two sets of thrust data are compared with each other to verify the accuracy of the thrust performance. Then thrust data measured by the new thrust stand system are compared with the verified thrust data to test its feasibility. The results indicate that thrust data from the force transducer and ECDS system are consistent with each other within the range of measurement error. Though the thrust data from the impulse thrust measurement system is a litter lower than that from the force transducer due to the axial momentum losses of the detonation jet, the impulse thrust measurement method is valid when applied to measure the averaged thrust of PDE. Analytical models of PDE are also discussed in this paper. The analytical thrust performance is higher than the experimental data due to ignoring the losses during the deflagration to detonation transition process. Effect of equivalence ratio on the engine thrust performance is investigated by utilizing the modified analytical model. Thrust reaches maximum at the equivalence ratio of about 1.1.     

联合正交变换与信号交织的测距仪脉冲干扰抑制方法

为解决宽带航空数据链以内嵌方式工作在测距仪(DME)频道间而带来测距仪发射脉冲信号干扰宽带航空数据链正交频分复用(OFDM)接收机的问题,提出一种联合正交变换与信号交织的OFDM传输方法。首先,该方法利用测距仪脉冲信号在频域呈现为强相关高斯脉冲的特性,通过发射机正交变换与信号交织器,配合接收机解交织器与逆正交变换器将强相关脉冲转换为非相关脉冲;随后,基于期望最大化(EM)算法迭代重构非相关随机脉冲;最后,通过频率域脉冲干扰消除抑制脉冲干扰。仿真结果表明:所提出联合正交变换与信号交织的OFDM传输方法可有效抑制测距仪脉冲干扰,显著提高OFDM接收机链路传输的可靠性。     

多管脉冲爆震发动机压力反传特性试验与数值研究

为了研究多管脉冲爆震发动机的压力反传特性,采用数值模拟和试验相结合的方法对四管爆震室的压力反传特性进行研究,测量了四管爆震室同时点火和分时点火这两种工作模式下的压力反传规律,利用数值模拟对四管爆震室共用进气道进行研究,分析了共用进气道长度以及在共用进气道内加装分流板对压力反传的影响。试验结果表明,四管爆震室同时工作时,共用进气道产生一道很强的压力扰动波,其峰值压力接近0.12MPa;四管爆震室分时工作时,共用进气道在一个循环内出现四次压力扰动,但扰动波的峰值压力较小。数值模拟的结果表明,在两种工作模式下,爆震室产生的反传压力使发动机入口产生高速倒流,四管分时工作时倒流的速度较小。随着共用进气道的长度增大,反传压力的峰值降低,但发动机入口处仍然存在倒流现象,倒流的速度随着共用进气道的长度增大而减小。共用进气道内加装分流板对反传压力的峰值并没有削弱作用。     

脉冲燃烧风洞点式油流技术在压缩拐角流动显示中的应用

为在脉冲燃烧风洞上应用油流技术,针对该类设备马赫数6条件下气流总温高(可达1650K)、有效试验时间短(约300ms)、小动压条件下显示油"流不动"等困难,提供了一种技术解决方案。试验设备为中国空气动力研究与发展中心Φ=600mm脉冲燃烧风洞。采用两个多级压缩楔模拟高超进气道外压缩面,其中三级压缩楔偏转角为6°,7°和8°,两级压缩楔偏转角均为10°。运用高速摄像方法获得了点式图谱的动态变化过程。三级压缩楔8°拐角上游油点在200ms内流过了拐角,并向下游移动了足够长度,可判断该拐角处气流不产生分离。两级压缩楔油流结果则显示风洞尾气会显著改变图谱分布。     

一种脉冲式空间拦截末端导引规律的设计

本文通过对空间拦截运动学模型的线性化处理，提出了一种脉冲式末端导引规律，它既满足脱靶量指标，又使轨控发动机的燃料最省，且易于工程实现。仿真结果表明该导引律性能良好     

基于自适应视觉检测的磁脉冲压接管件接头深度智能检测算法研究

磁脉冲压接技术成形速度快、效率高,适合高强钢和铝、碳纤维等轻质材料的连接,在飞机工业中有广泛的应用前景.但目前针对磁脉冲压接管件的在线检测方法较少,不利于该技术实现自动化生产.针对磁脉冲压接管件压接质量的在线检测需求,提出了一种基于改进YOLOv4–Tiny(You only look once v4–Tiny)检测网...