粗糙度对多级压气机性能影响的数值模拟研究

为了研究粗糙度对多级压气机气动特性的影响,采用三维数值模拟软件CFX,对3.5级压气机进行了研究。结果表明,相比于端壁粗糙度,叶片表面粗糙度对压气机性能影响更大;不同转速下,叶片表面粗糙度的增大会造成压气机压比和效率的降低,并且粗糙度增大越快,性能衰退也越快,其中设计转速下粗糙度对压气机的性能影响更大,当叶片表面粗糙度达到50μm时,峰值效率下降了5.25%,对应压比下降了1.33%。前面级叶片表面粗糙度加剧了后面级角区分离和尾迹损失,在压气机性能下降中所占比重更大;而最后一级粗糙度对分离区的影响很小,主要是增加了尾迹掺混造成的损失。单级粗糙度对压气机稳定工作区间影响很小,而全部级粗糙度增大了压气机的稳定工作区间,这是由于粗糙度造成的近失速点处的流量下降相比于堵塞流量的下降程度更大。     

高强化活塞振荡冷却的场协同分析

数值模拟了高强化活塞内冷油腔中机油的振荡冷却过程,定义了有效速度的概念,通过数据处理得到了内冷油腔壁面的各场参数在时间和空间上的分布规律,分析了壁面表面传热系数与场协同性能间的联系.结果表明:在面相位为60°~120°和240°~300°范围内,场协同匹配性能较好;有效速度的分布规律与协同角余弦值的分布规律一致;内冷油腔壁面表面传热系数分布规律与协同角余弦值和有效速度的分布规律一致,表明可以使用场协同机理阐述机油振荡冷却的对流换热规律.      

接收模式下加罩天线系统特性的快速电磁仿真

针对接收模式下电大尺寸的天线-天线罩系统电磁特性分析问题,提出了一种全波法和高频法结合的混合算法:积分方程/修正型表面积分+多层快速多极子(IE/MSI+MLFMA)方法.该方法将由高频方法MSI得到的天线罩内场分布作为天线阵列的激励场,再利用基于体-面混合积分方程(VSIE)和MLFMA的快速全波分析方法精确计算天线阵;同时应用球谐函数展开、预处理技术、混合并行等技术进一步改进算法的计算效率.同传统的全波数值法相比,该方法在保证计算精度、满足工程需要的前提下,解决了求解计算时间长、计算效率低的问题,实现了对电大尺寸天线-天线罩系统的快速、高效仿真.      

一种基于时标状态的启发式航天器任务规划算法

深空探测领域对实时性要求较高,在较短时间内找到规划解是深空探测自主任务规划中的一个要求,运用启发式规划算法是达到该要求的方法之一。而深空探测自主任务规划的另外一个特点是需要处理持续动作和数值信息。针对深空探测任务特点,采用规划领域定义语言PDDL,建立深空探测领域中知识模型,描述操作中遇到的时间与资源约束;随后应用以条件数为代价的启发式搜索方法对深空探测规划问题进行求解,并将其与TFD规划器中以动作时间为代价的上下文增强累加启发式搜索方法得到的结果进行对比,得出以条件数为代价的启发式搜索方法在搜索速度方面效果更佳,满足深空探测自主规划任务实时性要求。     

Variational method based robust adaptive control for a guided spinning rocket

In this paper, a robust adaptive controller is designed for a guided spinning rocket, whose dynamics presents the characteristics of pitch-yaw cross coupling, fast time-varying aerodynamics parameters and wide flight envelop. First, a coupled nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom equation of motion for a guided spinning rocket is developed, and the lateral acceleration motion is modeled as a control plant with time-varying matched uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics. Then, a robust adaptive control method is proposed by combining Bregman divergence and variational method to achieve fast adaption and maintain bounded tracking. The stability of the resulting closed-loop system is proved, and the ultimate bound and convergence rate are also analyzed. Finally, numerical simulations are performed for a single operating point and the whole flight trajectory to show the robustness and adaptability of the proposed method with respect to time-varying uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics.     

Solid rocket motor propellant grain burnback simulation based on fast minimum distance function calculation and improved marching tetrahedron method

To efficiently compute arbitrary propellant grain evolution of the burning surface with uniform and non-uniform burning rate for solid rocket motor, a unified framework of burning surface regression simulation has been developed based on minimum distance function. In order to speed up the computation of the mini-mum distance between grid nodes of grain and the triangular mesh of burning surface, a fast distance querying method based on the equal size cube voxel structure was employed. An improved marching tetrahedron method based on piecewise linear approximation was carried out on second-order tetrahedral elements, achieved high-efficiency and adequate accuracy of burning surface extraction simultaneously. The cases of star grain, finocyl grain, and non-uniform tube grain were studied to verify the proposed method. The observed result indicates that the grain burnback computation method could realize the accurate simulation on unstructured tetrahedral mesh with a desirable performance on computational time.     

地月系统循环轨道初步设计与特性分析

基于平面圆型限制性三体问题(CR3BP)模型,根据轨道弧以及顺行和逆行特征采用圆锥曲线拼接法设计了5类地月系统周期轨道。以地月系统循环轨道的工程约束为出发点,从轨道周期、近地点高度、近月点高度、交会对接速度、轨道稳定性等方面分析了这5类周期轨道的特性,从中选择了适合地月系统循环轨道任务方案的周期轨道,并对周期轨道进行了优化。该研究为我国未来载人登月工程提供了一种新的思路与理论技术支持。     

Influence of laser shock peening on surface integrity and tensile property of high strength low alloy steel

Laser Shock Peening (LSP) is a well-established surface treatment commonly used to improve mechanical properties of material's surfaces. To further understand the relationship between tensile property and fatigue life improvement of high strength low alloy steel in the LSP process, LSP treatment of 32CrNi high strength low alloy steel was carried out by YAG laser with pulse energy of 15 J, and tensile property was tested by electronic universal material testing machine. Surface morphology, residual stress and tensile fracture of the specimens before and after LSP were observed by white light interferometer (WLI), X-ray measuring apparatus and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Result shows that LSP did not change tensile strength of 32CrNi steel but cause yield characteristic transform from obvious yield point to no yield phenomenon which is the only factor benefiting fatigue life, indicating that the increment of fatigue life was probably related to the disappearance of yield phenomenon. Formation mechanisms of tensile fractures and yield phenomenon induced by LSP at room temperature were also discussed and completely revealed. Deeper compressive residual stress and flat grains contributed to the transition of yield characteristic and lower elongation rate of 32CrNi steel subjected to LSP.     

环形桁架式天线展开不同步现象分析

从国外相关文献所反映的地面试验结果看,环形桁架式天线周边的桁架结构由于阻尼等因素在展开过程中存在明显的不同步现象。文章利用绝对节点坐标法建立了天线展开过程的多柔体展开动力学模型,获得了连续展开过程中桁架各部分承受的载荷和变形情况,并重点对展开过程中的不同步现象的产生原因及其影响进行了分析。结果表明,环形桁架式天线展开的不同步现象是由展开过程中桁架的变形与摩擦引起的,这种现象的出现导致桁架结构承受更高的载荷。该研究为环形桁架式天线的设计和验证提供了参考。     

基于Lyapunov函数的小天体软着陆障碍规避控制方法

针对姿轨耦合型探测器控制方法存在工程实现难、计算效率低的问题,提出一种基于Lyapunov函数的小天体自主软着陆障碍规避控制方法。首先,建立了小天体着陆过程姿态和轨道的动力学模型;其次,考虑探测器当前的势能与障碍地形对探测器的威胁选取Lyapunov函数,并根据Lyapunov稳定性原理推导了推力器的开关控制逻辑,能够实现到达目标着陆点的同时进行障碍规避,且该过程不需事先设计参考模型。同时,该控制逻辑具有解析形式,能够实现实时障碍规避。仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效实现规避障碍且满足姿态稳定的要求。