Theoretical aspects of selecting repeated unit cell model in micromechanical analysis using displacement-based finite element method

Repeated Unit Cell(RUC)is a useful tool in micromechanical analysis of composites using Displacement-based Finite Element(DFE)method,and merely applying Periodic Displacement Boundary Conditions(PDBCs)to RUC is almost a standard practice to conduct such analysis.Two basic questions arising from this practice are whether Periodic Traction Boundary Conditions(PTBCs,also known as traction continuity conditions)are guaranteed and whether the solution is independent of selection of RUCs.This paper presents the theoretical aspects to tackle these questions,which unify the strong form,weak form and DFE method of the micromechanical problem together.Specifically,the solution’s independence of selection of RUCs is dealt with on the strong form side,PTBCs are derived from the weak form as natural boundary conditions,and the validity of merely applying PDBCs in micromechanical Finite Element(FE)analysis is proved by referring to its intrinsic connection to the strong form and weak form.Key points in the theoretical aspects are demonstrated by illustrative examples,and the merits of setting micromechanical FE analysis under the background of a clear theoretical framework are highlighted in the efficient selection of RUCs for Uni Directional(UD)fiber-reinforced composites.     

Investigation of phase transition-based tethered systems for small body sample capture

This paper summarizes the modeling, simulation, and testing work related to the development of technology to investigate the potential that shape memory actuation has to provide mechanically simple and affordable solutions for delivering assets to a surface and for sample capture and possible return to Earth. We investigate the structural dynamics and controllability aspects of an adaptive beam carrying an end-effector which, by changing material equilibrium phases, is able to actively decouple the end-effector dynamics from the spacecraft dynamics during the surface contact phase. Asset delivery and sample capture and return are at the heart of several emerging potential missions to small bodies, such as asteroids and comets, and to the surface of large bodies, such as Titan.     

基于椭圆空腔虚拟势场的航天器集群控制方法

航天器集群由多个航天器在空间轨道上近距离飞行,进行信息交换,并相互协同共同完成空间任务。航天器集群作为智能集群在空间领域的表现形式,是智能集群的重要组成部分。当前,许多空间科学研究机构提出了多个航天器集群的研究计划,如 ANTS计划、APIES计划等。文章以在小行星带探测航天器集群为研究对象,提出了航天器集群的自组织控制方法,利用虚拟势场力使得与这个参考航天器构成最大距离可控的空间构型,从而保 证了航天器集群中的所有航天器共同构成松散空间构型。     

柴油发动机热管理系统的高度特性

基于空中和高原环境的特点,研究了柴油发动机散热器传热性能的高度特性;进一步建立了发动机热管理系统的流动和传热模型,研究了热管理系统的高度特性;给出了基于最小功耗原则的热管理系统运行参数匹配方法.在固定系统热负荷条件下的计算结果表明:随着海拔高度的增加,在空中环境下,散热器的散热性能先上升后下降,热管理系统中冷却液和润滑油温度先下降后上升,热管理系统所需的最小功耗先减小后增加;在高原环境下,散热器的散热性能随高度增加大幅下降,热管理系统中冷却液和润滑油温度大幅上升,发动机出现过热问题,为了给发动机提供足够的散热能力,热管理系统所需要的最小功耗随着海拔高度的增加而大幅增加.      

剪切层与边界层组合流动的线性不稳定性分析

对不可压缩剪切层与边界层的组合流动完成了线性稳定性研究.组合流动的数学模型为Blasius边界层相似解与双曲正切函数的叠加,采用整体数值方法求解组合流动的稳定性方程,并验证了程序的准确性及网格无关性.研究给出组合流动的不稳定模态的辨识,即边界层模态和剪切层模态.在此基础上研究了剪切层对边界层模态不稳定性的影响以及壁面对剪切层模态的影响.由于剪切层的存在,使边界层模态中性曲线向左上方平移,临界雷诺数减小.此外,边界层模态不稳定性得到增强或抑制的影响,取决于扰动频率以及剪切层速度比的变化.组合流动中壁面边界层促使剪切层不稳定性减弱,主要表现在低频区域;而在高频区域,剪切层不稳定性几乎不受壁面边界层的影响.      

推力室状态对其声学振型及其阻尼特性的影响

为确定工程中冷态条件下获得的推力室声学特性能否表征真实条件下的声学特性,研究了冷态无流动、热态气相流动和湍流两相燃烧三种状态下推力室声学振型及其阻尼特性。在推力室稳态流场中的有限区域施加数值定容弹,激发其具有多模态声学振型的大幅值压力振荡,采用衰减时间和半带宽来定量评价所激发的不同声学振型压力振荡衰减快慢,进而获得其阻尼特性。在相同过载比的数值定容弹激励下,在冷态条件下能激发包含更多声学振型压力振荡,且该振荡衰减时间更长,相同振型压力振荡衰减比热态条件下慢。在冷态条件下,一阶切向振型振幅最大,为最容易被激发声学振型;一阶纵向振型半带宽最小,为最难衰减的振型。在热态条件下,一阶纵向振型为最容易激发声学振型,也为最难衰减声学振型。从所激发的主要振型及其相对衰减的快慢来看,冷态条件下获得的声学特性能够表征真实条件下的推力室的声学特征。     

Vision-based pose estimation for cooperative space objects

Imaging sensors are widely used in aerospace recently. In this paper, a vision-based approach for estimating the pose of cooperative space objects is proposed. We learn generative model for each space object based on homeomorphic manifold analysis. Conceptual manifold is used to represent pose variation of captured images of the object in visual space, and nonlinear functions mapping between conceptual manifold representation and visual inputs are learned. Given such learned model, we estimate the pose of a new image by minimizing a reconstruction error via a traversal procedure along the conceptual manifold. Experimental results on the simulated image dataset show that our approach is effective for 1D and 2D pose estimation.     

有压槽道流中图像处理参数对推移质运动测量结果的影响

推移质运动具有间歇性和波动性，在应用高速摄影方法进行测量时，有关参数会直接影响测量结果。在封闭槽道中进行了试验研究，定量分析了样本容量、采样历时、采样区域及相邻2帧图片之间的时间间隔（采样间隔）等参数对推移质运动测量值的影响，包括运动比例、运动速度以及单宽输沙率。结果表明，参数选择对测量结果影响很大，需要根据实验条件合理选取参数:在本研究的实验条件下，当样本容量不小于5000、采样历时不小于100s及采样面积不小于400倍粒径的平方时，统计平均结果才能收敛；同时，随采样间隔的增大，运动速度与单宽输沙率减小，而运动比例增大。研究结果可供图像处理法观测推移质运动参考。     

A low-thrust transfer between the Earth–Moon and Sun–Earth systems based on invariant manifolds

A low-energy, low-thrust transfer between two halo orbits associated with two coupled three-body systems is studied in this paper. The transfer is composed of a ballistic departure, a ballistic insertion and a powered phase using low-thrust propulsion to connect these two trajectories. The ballistic departure and insertion are computed by constructing the unstable and stable invariant manifolds of the corresponding halo orbits, and a complete low-energy transfer based on the patched invariant manifolds is optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm on the criterion of smallest velocity discontinuity and limited position discontinuity (less than 1 km). Then, the result is expropriated as the boundary conditions for the subsequent low-thrust trajectory design. The fuel-optimal problem is formulated using the calculus of variations and Pontryagin's Maximum Principle in a complete four-body dynamical environment. Then, a typical bang–bang control is derived and solved using the indirect method combined with a homotopic technique. The contributions of the present work mainly consist of two points. Firstly, the global search method proposed in this paper is simply handled using the PSO algorithm, a number of feasible solutions in a fairly wide range can be delivered without a priori or perfect knowledge of the transfers. Secondly, the indirect optimization method is used in the low-thrust trajectory design and the derivations of the first-order necessary conditions are simplified with a modified controlled, restricted four-body model.