Mg-Sc-Y三元合金的微观组织和力学性能

稀土元素作为重要的镁合金强化相元素,其多元添加产生的影响并未得到充分研究。在Mg-Sc二元系的基础上将Y作为第三元加入,制备了Mg-5Sc二元合金及Mg-5Sc-0.5Y,Mg-5Sc-1Y,Mg-5Sc-2Y,Mg-5Sc-3Y,Mg-5Sc-3.5Y(质量分数,%)5种三元合金,并通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)及室温拉伸等试验,研究了Y元素的加入对Mg-Sc二元合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Y元素在合金中的主要存在形式为固溶态,富集于晶界处。随着Y元素含量的提升,合金晶粒度显著减小,屈服强度和硬度大幅提升,Mg-5Sc-3.5Y的屈服强度相比Mg-5Sc提升了约50%。该强度的提升主要是由细晶强化和固溶强化引起的。     

GNSS Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) using inter-satellite measurements

Integrity is the ability of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to detect faults in measurements and provide timely warnings to users and operators when the navigation system cannot meet the defined performance standards, which is of great importance for safety of life critical applications. Compared with both Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) and ground based GNSS Integrity Channel (GIC) methods which are widely adopted nowadays, the Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) method can be used to monitor orbit/ephemeris and clock errors, and has advantages in monitoring orbit and clock quality and providing instantaneous responses when faults happen.     

仿生水下探测器试验研究

水下探测器广泛运用于海洋工程装备中，是船舶、潜艇等感知水下环境的主要设备。目前常用的传感器有着探测距离短、消耗功率高、信噪比不足等缺陷，应用受到较大限制。长期以来，仿生学研究为海洋工程装备的设计提供了大量的创新灵感。研究发现，海洋生物中的海豹在水下的捕食和避险等行为依赖于其胡须的特殊结构对水下环境进行感知。本文通过对海豹胡须结构的研究，仿制了海豹胡须型水下探测器，通过水槽试验验证了其水中目标探测能力。在试验中，针对角度、来流速度和探测目标位置等不同工况进行了研究，通过探测器收集到的信号的频谱分析，掌握了海豹胡须型探测器的工作规律。     

100 kWe级空间快堆核电源系统仿真平台开发与应用

空间核反应堆电源作为一种具有竞争力的空间电源方案,正逐渐受到关注及应用。本文针对一个100 kWe级锂冷快堆耦合布雷顿循环的空间堆核动力系统方案,修改了RELAP5程序中的物性程序、换热模型,程序中的中子动力学模块使用蒙特卡洛方法计算快堆物理参数与堆芯控制调节参数,由此集成并建立一个空间快堆核动力系统综合仿真平台,应用该平台对100 kWe级空间堆核动力系统进行了稳态模拟与事故分析。结果表明:在瞬态发生后系统各参数变化符合预期,验证了各部件及控制系统的功能性及有效性;同时,还初步进行了仿真平台用于100 kWe级空间反应堆核动力系统设备的设计优化的实践,为空间快堆设计与安全分析提供了技术储备。     

客机总体方案的综合评价方法

从民用飞机的经济性、环保性、舒适性和适应性出发,运用层次分析法建立多级层次结构,形成民机总体方案的综合竞争力评价模型。给出了民机方案各性能指标的量化方法,将设计准则转化为具体的民机性能指标。引入多人评价机制,提高评价模型各层级权重分布的合理性。应用本文方法对两种大型客机总体方案进行了综合评价,结果表明该方法能明确地识别出竞争力较高的设计方案,且评价结果具有合理性。算例表明该综合评价模型可用于民机总体方案的优选。     

Genetic differentiation induced by spaceflight treatment of Cistanche deserticola and identification of inter-simple sequence repeat markers associated with its medicinal constituent contents

The dried, fleshy stems of Cistanche deserticola (Orobanchaceae) are popular tonics in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to treat the inability of kidney in expelling extra fluid in the body, causing fluid retention, and reform reproductive system. However, the wild plants of C. deserticola have become endangered due to habitat downsizing and over-harvesting for its medicinal usages. The present research was carried out for the following purposes: (1) promoting the space-breeding research; (2) providing molecular evidence for agricultural selective breeding; and (3) protecting this endangered herbal medicine and conserving its genetic resources.     

基于层次分析法的民用客机发动机技术评价与选型

层次分析法是1种有效实用的多目标决策方法。针对在大型客机研制中科学选择适合的民用航空发动机问题特点,基于层次分析法,将发动机的选型要求层次化分解,建立了指标技术评估模型,并考虑不同评估专家分配不同权重的方法。以现有民用发动机为例进行分析。分析结果表明：层次分析法在民用客机发动机选择中具有合理性、科学性,符合市场实际情况,适用于民用客机发动机方案选型,并可为民用客机发动机工程技术评估提供科学依据。     

大型民用飞机应急放油系统适航符合性要求研究

为了确保飞机在起飞后就出现飞机故障或紧急事件的情况下,能具有快速返场着陆能力,并尽可能降低应急着陆对飞机和飞机维护的影响,大型民用飞机通常需要安装应急放油系统,以实现快速空中放油。通过研究对大型民用飞机应急放油系统适航条款的要求,总结了民用飞机应急放油系统适航要求的立法背景,以及适航条款要求的演变历史和原因,并分析了具体的适航要求及相应的符合性验证方法,对民用飞机应急放油系统适航验证有一定借鉴和指导意义。     

Wavelength dimensioning for wavelength-routed WDM satellite network

Internet and broadband applications driven by data traffic demand have become key dri-vers for satellite constellations. The key technology to satisfy the high capacity requirements between satellites is optical satellite networks by means of wavelength division multiplexing inter-satellite links (ISLs) with wavelength routing (WDM-OSN). Due to the limited optical amplifier bandwidth onboard the satellite, it is important to minimize the wavelength requirements to provi-sion requests. However, ISLs should be dynamically established and deleted for each satellite according to its visible satellites. Furthermore, different link assignments will result in different topologies, hence yielding different routings and wavelength assignments. Thus, a perfect match model-based link assignment scheme (LAS-PMM) is proposed to design an appropriate topology such that shorter path could be routed and less wavelengths could be assigned for each ISL along the path. Finally, simulation results show that in comparison to the regular Manhattan street net-work (MSN) topology, wavelength requirements and average end-to-end delay based on the topol-ogy generated by LAS-PMM could be reduced by 24.8%and 12.4%, respectively.     

基于压电纤维复合材料的离心叶轮叶片高阶模态测量

为准确获取离心叶轮叶片的高阶振动特性及其模态,利用压电纤维复合材料(Marco fiber composite,MFC)对离心叶轮叶片进行模态测试。设计了MFC激励系统,提出了MFC选型、激励和测点位置的确定方法,研究了不同信号的高阶模态激励效果,并分析了MFC附加质量和刚度对叶片固有频率和模态的影响;结合有限元仿真结果,对比分析了前20阶振动模态的异同。试验结果表明:MFC具有操作简单、重复性好、信噪比高、能够稳定激励出高阶模态等优势,计算模态与测量模态吻合较好,在第6～8阶与第12～15阶之间存在模态密集区域;MFC附加质量和刚度对实验固有频率的影响低于4%。提出的MFC激励方法可用于具有较高固有频率的航空发动机部件的模态测量。