介质阻挡放电等离子体对压气机叶栅性能影响的实验

在压气机叶栅叶片两侧布置电极,对电极施加高压高频交流电产生等离子体,通过三孔探针测量栅后总压和速度的变化.实验中发现,流速低于20 m/s时,加电产生等离子体后,可显著改善栅后总压和速度分布;流速接近0 m/s时,等离子体仍会明显改变总压和速度的最小值;出现流动分离趋势后,等离子体无法抑制分离趋势;对分离区大小、分离涡强度的影响还需进一步的实验研究.      

基于DFT的水射流红外热像频域时空分析

基于二维离散傅里叶变换及空间频谱分析,对水射流湍流脉动的空间尺度进行了研究,得到了由红外辐射温度表征的被动标量湍流场在对流区、耗散区、惯性子区的特征空间尺度及其时间演化规律.对射流不同区域的关心点重新采样,得到湍流场中关心点的时间序列,利用一维离散傅里叶变换,分析了对流区大尺度涡中心、惯性子区小尺度涡中心、耗散区及射流轴心线上各关心点的湍流波动特征.计算了时间序列频谱的分形维数,研究了自由湍流不同尺度区间上述各关心点湍流脉动的分形特征.      

大惯量负载多电机驱动系统协调控制方法综述

大惯量负载往往采用多个电机协同驱动,整体系统的稳态和动态性能都与多电机驱动系统的协调控制密切相关。根据国内外多电机驱动系统协调控制的研究成果,综述相关控制结构和控制算法。通过对比分析,说明各种控制方法的优缺点和适用场合。最后,根据目前的工业需求,展望了多电机驱动系统协调控制的研究方向和发展趋势。     

Discriminating satellite IR anomalies associated with the MS 7.1 Yushu earthquake in China

In the process of exploring pre-earthquake thermal anomalies using satellite infrared data, Blackett et al. (2011) found that the previously reported anomalies before the 2001 Mw 7.7 Gujarat earthquake, in India, were related to positive biases caused by data gaps due to cloud cover and mosaicing of neighboring orbits of MODIS satellite data. They supposed that such effects could also be responsible for other cases. We noted a strip-shaped TIR anomaly on March 17th, 2010, 28?days before the Ms. 7.1 Yushu earthquake (Qin et al., 2011). Here we again investigate multi-year infrared satellite data in different bands to discriminate whether the anomaly is associated with the earthquake, or is only bias caused by the data gaps. From the water vapor images, we find lots of clouds that have TIR anomalies. However, on the cloudiness background, there is an obvious strip-shaped gap matching the tectonic faults almost perfectly. In particular, the animation loops of hourly water vapor images show that the cloud kept moving from west to east, while they never covered the strip-shaped gap. We consider that the cloud with this special spatial pattern should have implied the abnormal signals associated with the seismogenic process. Based on current physical models, the satellite IR anomalies both on TIR and water vapor bands can qualitatively be explained using synthetic mechanisms.     

Improved robust Kalman filter for state model errors in GNSS-PPP/MEMS-IMU double state integrated navigation

The integration of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) with Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) has been actively researched and widely applied as it can provide reliable positioning information continuously. In recent years, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology achieves rapid development and Micro Electro Mechanical Systems and Inertial Measurement Unit (MEMS-IMU) has aroused wide concern due to its excellent properties in some cases. However, the observations from MEMS-IMU are easy to be influenced by motion state and location environment because of its manufacturing process. It is not easy to judge whether gross errors are in the state model or the observation model by the widely adopted robust filter based on innovation. In this contribution, we present an improved robust filter with a double state model on the basis of the chi-square distribution of the square of the Mahalanobis distance. The vehicle motion model acts as the external constraint information and can be adopted to construct robust statistic with the results from INS mechanization. And then a robust factor was determined to adjust the observation noise covariance matrix. To evaluate the performance of this method, the simulation test and the field test based on locomotive platform of Nottingham Geospatial Institute (NGI) were carried out. According to the results, in the simulation test, the position improvements are 33%, 30% in the north and east directions; in the real test, the loosely and tightly coupled was adopted and the position accuracy can be improved by about 50–60% in the horizontal direction and the improvement of the pitch and the roll accuracy was lower than the azimuth accuracy due to poor observability and experimental scene which is of the characteristics of small elevation change. Therefore, the proposed robust filter could diminish the effect of the gross error from MEMS-IMU and enhance the integrated system.     

基于紫外纳米压印光刻的氟化混合物模板制备

不同特征尺度和不同周期的氟化混合物软复制模板通过使用硅主模板和紫外纳米压印光刻技术制备而成。与聚二甲基硅氧烷和其它聚合物材料比较,此处使用的光刻胶拥有优良的性能,比如优良的机械强度,低表面能和良好的热稳定性。在紫外和热纳米压印工艺中,主模板被用作印章。实验结果表明,转移到基底上的图案与主模板非常一致。所制备的氟化混合物复制模板不仅仅适合紫外纳米压印,也适用于热纳米压印,并且所加工的复制模板还被用于制备光电器件以实现传感、成像、探测、通信和数据存储等领域中的相关功能。     

北斗在轨卫星广播星历精度分析

为分析北斗广播星历的精度，采用激光测距资料和精密星历作为参考进行分析。由于没有提供BDS-3试验卫星精密星历，本文设计了3天弧段的DBS-3试验卫星精密定轨试验，解算的轨道精度约为50 cm，钟差精度约为2 ns。之后联合国际GNSS监测评估系统iGMAS发布的事后BDS-2精密星历，对BDS-3/BDS-2广播星历轨道、钟差精度进行分析。为准确评估广播星历轨道精度，还采用SLR观测数据作为外部检核手段分析北斗在轨卫星广播星历轨道精度。统计了广播星历轨道误差的1D RMS和钟差误差的STD，结果表明：多数钟差精度优于 10 ns ，轨道精度优于5 m。另外为分析广播星历卫星钟的时频性能，计算了在轨卫星钟差的频率稳定度、漂移率和准确度，试验结果表明：BDS-3试验卫星各项性能指标普遍优于BDS-2，频率准确度、频率漂移率和频率稳定性指标计算结果显示BDS-3卫星相对于BDS-2卫星分别提升了42.8%,22.5%,9.5%。     

A new method for improving the performance of an ionospheric model developed by multi-instrument measurements based on artificial neural network

There are remarkable ionospheric discrepancies between space-borne (COSMIC) measurements and ground-based (ionosonde) observations, the discrepancies could decrease the accuracies of the ionospheric model developed by multi-source data seriously. To reduce the discrepancies between two observational systems, the peak frequency (foF2) and peak height (hmF2) derived from the COSMIC and ionosonde data are used to develop the ionospheric models by an artificial neural network (ANN) method, respectively. The averaged root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of COSPF (COSMIC peak frequency model), COSPH (COSMIC peak height model), IONOPF (Ionosonde peak frequency model) and IONOPH (Ionosonde peak height model) are 0.58 MHz, 19.59 km, 0.92 MHz and 23.40 km, respectively. The results indicate that the discrepancies between these models are dependent on universal time, geographic latitude and seasons. The peak frequencies measured by COSMIC are generally larger than ionosonde’s observations in the nighttime or middle-latitudes with the amplitude of lower than 25%, while the averaged peak height derived from COSMIC is smaller than ionosonde’s data in the polar regions. The differences between ANN-based maps and references show that the discrepancies between two ionospheric detecting techniques are proportional to the intensity of solar radiation. Besides, a new method based on the ANN technique is proposed to reduce the discrepancies for improving ionospheric models developed by multiple measurements, the results indicate that the RMSEs of ANN models optimized by the method are 14–25% lower than the models without the application of the method. Furthermore, the ionospheric model built by the multiple measurements with the application of the method is more powerful in capturing the ionospheric dynamic physics features, such as equatorial ionization, Weddell Sea, mid-latitude summer nighttime and winter anomalies. In conclusion, the new method is significant in improving the accuracy and physical characteristics of an ionospheric model based on multi-source observations.     

Statistical seismo-ionospheric precursors of M7.0+ earthquakes in Circum-Pacific seismic belt by GPS TEC measurements

The Circum-Pacific seismic belt is the region heavily affected by earthquakes in the world. The relationship between earthquake (e.g., the geographic location, occurrence time, magnitude, and focal depth) and ionospheric anomalies in the belt was investigated using 100 M7.0+ earthquakes during 2006–2015. The ground-based GPS measurements and global ionosphere map (GIM) data were used for the analyses of the ionospheric variations preceding the earthquakes. The results indicated that the occurrence rate of total electron content (TEC) anomalies was proportional to the magnitude and inversely proportional to the focal depth to a certain degree, and the occurrence frequency of anomalies had a rising trend with the days getting close to the main shock. The occurrence rate of TEC anomalies in the Southern hemisphere was larger than that in the Northern hemisphere. Besides, the spatial characteristics of TEC anomalies showed that the anomalies in low-middle latitudes did not coincide with the epicenter, sometimes the anomalies were also observed in the corresponding conjugated region. However, the TEC anomalies in the high latitude usually appeared around the epicenter and within the seismogenic zone while no TEC anomalies appeared in the conjugated area. These results may have potential applications to the earthquake prediction in the Circum-Pacific seismic belt.     

Dual-frequency carrier smoothed code filtering with dynamical ionospheric delay modeling

In GNSS applications, carrier-smoothed-code is a widely used technique to combine code pseudo-range and carrier phase measurements. A dynamical ionospheric delay modeling method is proposed based on Kalman filter and least-squares theory. The level of the process noise is adaptively tuned along with the real-time KF state estimation, based on the online variance component estimation method. Meanwhile, the correlations of the time differenced carrier phase measurements are considered. This approach avoids overly optimistically evaluating the estimate and improves the transient accuracy of the estimates. A real GPS dataset is employed to check the performance of the proposed method under different conditions. The results show that the new algorithm can model the ionospheric delay variation well with different sampling intervals or even in ionospheric abnormal environment. The positioning accuracy can be confirmed, about 21%, 35% and 16% better are obtained in the N, E, and U direction than raw dataset.