LPV modeling and controller design for body freedom flutter suppression subject to actuator saturation

In recent years, the Active Flutter Suppression (AFS) employing Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) framework has become a hot spot in the research field. Nevertheless, the flutter suppression technique is facing two severe challenges. On the one hand, due to the fatal risk of flight test near critical airspeed, it is hard to obtain the accurate mathematical model of the aeroelastic system from the testing data. On the other hand, saturation of the actuator may degrade the closed-loop performance, which was often neglected in the past work. To tackle these two problems, a new active controller design procedure is proposed to suppress flutter in this paper. Firstly, with the aid of LPV model order reduction method and State-space Model Interpolation of Local Estimates (SMILE) technique, a set of high-fidelity Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) models which are usually derived from flight tests at different subcritical airspeeds are reduced and interpolated to construct an LPV model of an aeroelastic system. And then, the unstable aeroelastic dynamics beyond critical airspeed are ‘predicted’ by extrapolating the resulting LPV model. Secondly, based on the control-oriented LPV model, an AFS controller in LPV framework which is composed of a nominal LPV controller and an LPV anti-windup compensator is designed to suppress the aeroelastic vibration and overcome the performance degradation caused by actuator saturation. Although the nominal LPV controller may have superior performance in linear simulation in which the saturation effect is ignored, the results of the numerical simulations show that the nominal LPV controller fails to suppress the Body Freedom Flutter (BFF) when encountering the actuator saturation. However, the LPV anti-windup compensator not only enhances the nominal controller’s performance but also helps the nominal controller to stabilize the unstable aeroelastic system when encountering serious actuator saturation.     

一种地理系下基于伪线性模型的捷联惯导算法

针对传统捷联惯导算法模型为非线性,需要对姿态、速度和位置分步运算,且高动态下算法精度较低的问题,提出一种地理系下基于伪线性模型的捷联惯导算法。利用伪线性模型及其分析方法,将传统的地理系下捷联惯导方程各部分转换成伪线性形式,定义导航向量并建立其系统模型;再利用高阶数值积分算法提升导航向量更新精度,得到地理系下基于伪线性模型的捷联惯导算法。最后,用仿真评估算法精度,与传统捷联惯导算法相比,大机动条件仿真中伪线性捷联惯导算法的精度提升了两个量级;旋转弹飞行仿真中导航误差不到传统算法的1/5。提出的伪线性捷联惯导算法结构简单,采用一个更新回路即可完成导航向量更新,且在高动态大机动条件下具有更高的算法精度,因此,对于捷联惯导算法研究与工程应用有一定的参考价值。     

Thermal damage analysis of aircraft composite laminate suffered from lightning swept stroke and arc propagation

Lightning strike is a complicated process involving multi-field coupling. In order to investigate the thermal damage mechanism of carbon fiber reinforced composites subject to lightning swept stroke, a complete numerical method is presented. Numerical model of lightning discharge is established based on Magneto Hydro Dynamics (MHD) and calculated by FLUENT secondary development technology. Considering aerodynamic flow effect, channel formation and evolution process during lightning discharge is analyzed for lightning current waveform A. Thermal-electric Coupling model is presented according to Radial Basis Function (RBF) interpolation theory, which is implemented by compiling program to make lightning current and heat energy inject into composite laminate. Consequently, damage mechanism of composite laminate under lightning swept stroke is studied based on the coupled numerical model and element deletion method. Ablation damage morphology of composite laminate is analyzed to understand plasma expansion and reattachment in arc root. The results show that aerodynamic flow makes the lightning channel move fast and composite laminate is deteriorated due to thermal damage.     

发动机机匣弧面不规则管路的布局参数多目标优化设计

管路布局优化是降低发动机管路振动应力的重要手段,提出了一种发动机机匣弧面上不规则管路布局参数的多目标优化设计方法。从发动机机匣弧面的U形管路出发,建立了具有复杂布局走向的不规则单管路的参数化建模方法。分析了布局参数对管路的危险固有频率、多点激励响应的灵敏度。综合考虑错频和最大响应等多个目标,采用多目标遗传优化算法,对不规则管路的布局参数实施了优化设计。结果表明:管形布局优化设计效果显著,错开了两个危险固有频率禁带;管路结构在相同激励下最大位移幅值下降约35%,最大应力幅值下降近50%,为发动机管路的振动控制和动力学正向设计提供了参考。      

基于双循环的离心叶轮多学科可靠性优化设计

 针对传统多学科设计优化方法中未能考虑不确定因素的问题,开展基于可靠性的多学科设计优化(RBMDO)方法的研究。以离心式压气机叶轮为对象,综合考虑工作状况和材料参数等随机性因素的影响,利用改进的一次二阶矩(AFOSM)法进行可靠性分析,通过双循环策略将多学科可行优化方法与可靠性分析相结合,合理引入近似技术,建立了基于可靠性的多学科设计优化系统。对某离心叶轮进行多学科可靠性优化设计的算例表明,在满足所有可靠性指标的前提下,该方法可实现离心叶轮综合性能的提高,并有效地缩减设计周期。     

某型管接头系统的动强度分析及优化设计

针对某型飞机管接头系统采用了动力学优化的有限元分析方法,进行了冲击压力载荷下系统的动强度及卡箍特性的优化分析,得到了不同卡箍参数对系统动力学特性的影响,提出了满足系统动强度要求的优化设计方案,最终使管路系统的安全可靠性得到了保障,为系统的安全性指导和设计提供了理论依据。     

Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model identification for turbofan aero-engines with guaranteed stability

This paper is concerned with identifying a Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy model for turbofan aero-engines working under the maximum power status (non-afterburning). To establish the fuzzy system, theoretical contributions are made as follows. First, by fixing antecedent parameters, the estimation of consequent parameters in state-space representations is formulated as minimizing a quadratic cost function. Second, to avoid obtaining unstable identified models, a new theorem is proposed to transform the prior-knowledge of stability into constraints. Then based on the aforementioned work, the identification problem is synthesized as a constrained quadratic optimization. By solving the constrained optimization, a TS fuzzy system is identified with guaranteed stability. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the turbofan aero-engine using simulation data generated from an aerothermodynamics component-level model. Results show the identified fuzzy model achieves a high fitting accuracy while stabilities of the overall fuzzy system and all its local models are also guaranteed.     

对转压气机中机匣处理的非定常影响

为探究不同形式的机匣处理扩稳机理和损失产生区别，以某两级对转压气机（CRAC）为研究对象，通过非定常数值模拟方法开展了自循环机匣处理（SRCT）和轴向槽机匣处理（ASCT）扩稳机理的研究。结果表明：SRCT和ASCT在近失速点均显著提高失速裕度和总压比，在峰值效率点附近增加效率损失；机匣处理通过作用于叶顶泄漏流和抑制压力势流减弱转子间动-动干涉效应；机匣处理槽内流场与转子相对位置相关，转子周期性的扫掠机匣处理槽增加了轴向槽内流动的非定常性，机匣处理槽内流动掺混是效率下降的主要原因。     

压气机叶顶流动不稳定性试验和数值研究

为了研究大叶顶间隙下压气机的流动失稳演化过程和物理机理,以某单级轴流压气机试验台为研究对象,利用布置于机匣壁面的动态压力传感器测量叶顶流场的脉动特征,利用全通道数值模拟获得与流场失稳发展相关的非定常流动细节。结果表明：随着流量减小压气机内部流动经历了稳定状态、旋转不稳定性和旋转失速3个阶段,叶顶泄漏涡的两种临界行为与不稳定性模式的转变有关。当叶顶泄漏涡移动到相邻叶片尾缘时,在与相邻叶片的干涉作用下开始随时间振荡,导致了小尺度的扰动沿周向传播,即旋转不稳定性。在近失速工况下,叶顶泄漏涡与主流交界面超过叶片流道进口平面,导致前缘溢流,并伴随着前缘径向涡的周期性产生、周向迁移和衰减。此时,前缘径向涡沿周向几乎呈均匀分布,构成了有序传播的扰动。随着压气机被进一步节流,前缘径向涡的有序传播被破坏,形成了局部聚集的分布特征,从而产生了局部堵塞更强、熵更高的失速团。     

Numerical analysis of broadband noise reduction with wavy leading edge

Large Eddy Simulation(LES) is performed to investigate the airfoil broadband noise reduction with wavy leading edge under anisotropic incoming turbulence. The anisotropic incoming turbulence is generated by a rod with a diameter of 10 mm. The incoming flow velocity is 40 m/s and the corresponding Reynolds numbers based on airfoil chord and rod diameter are about 397000 and 26000, respectively. The far-field acoustic field is predicted using an acoustic analogy method which has been validated by the experiment. A straight leading edge airfoil and a wavy leading edge airfoil are simulated. The results show that wavy leading edge increases the airfoil lift and drag whereas the lift and drag fluctuations are substantially reduced. In addition, wavy leading edge can significantly change the flow pattern around the leading edge and a pair of counter-rotating streamwise vortices stemming from each wavy leading edge peak are observed.An averaged noise reduction of 9.5 dB is observed with the wavy leading edge at the azimuthal angle of 90°. Moreover, the wavy leading edge can mitigate noise radiation at all the azimuthal angles without significantly changing the noise directivity. The underlying noise reduction mechanisms are then analyzed in detail.