行星齿轮传动动力学特性研究进展

行星齿轮传动由于结构紧凑、承载能力强等优点而广泛应用在各个工业领域。振动和噪声是行星齿轮传动的主要问题。本文从动力学模型、自由振动、响应求解、均载及振动抑制等几个方面对国内外行星齿轮传动系统弹性动力学及相关研究进行了综述。介绍了行星齿轮传动弹性动力学研究中常用的纯扭转振动模型、横向—回转耦合振动模型以及有限元模型,对三种常用的响应求解方法进行了分析和评述。最后指出了需要进一步研究的几个问题。      

燃气轮机系统仿真集成概念及其分布对象实现

本文提出燃气轮机系统仿真集成的概念, 分析了关键实现技术, 然后从跨平台性入手, 给出 1个分布异构计算机平台上的面向对象实现方案。算例表明, 这一方案成功实现了系统仿真集成的主要功能, 从而为发动机系统的多学科开发、研制和实验提供了有效的仿真软、硬件平台, 并使发动机的远程协同设计成为可能。      

Advanced flight management system human interface

Alternative Flight Management System (FMS) human interface concepts are becoming increasingly important to investigate as the complexities of understanding and operating this equipment continue to burden and confuse an already inundated pilot. Rockwell Collins, Inc. has designed an advanced FMS display/interface that will significantly reduce and/or eliminate human interface problems between users and the FMS. Results from human factors investigations for a limited set of FMS functions reveal statistically significant findings at the 95th level of confidence favoring the Advanced FMS Interface display format. The Advanced FMS Interface display format produced quicker reaction times and lower levels of mental workload than the a conventional Control Display Unit (CDU) type FMS.Furthermore, statistically significant findings at the 98th level of confidence for three subjective measures, Usability, Learnability, and Overall Attitude lean in favor of this type of FMS display format. These statistically significant findings lead us to believe that this Advanced FMS Interface display format has great potential for significantly reducing and/or eliminating human interface problems between users and the FMS while at the same time reducing pilot mental workload.     

Europe needs a space policy

Space - or, more precisely, space technologies which enable us to enter and make use of space for a wide range of purposes - concerns us all for many reasons.     

The demography of massive galactic black holes

This review describes dynamical evidence for massive black holes (BHs) at the centers of galaxies. BHs appear to be a common if not ubiquitous feature of local galactic spheroids, with a mean mass that is roughly 0.5% of the parent stellar spheroid mass. This mass is large enough that the formation and evolution of central BHs has had a significant influence on the inner stellar density profile. For example, low-density, core-type profiles may have been created by the scouring action of binary BH pairs, whose orbital decay ejects stars from the center of the galaxy. Or, BHs may have grown substantially by gas accretion, pulling in surrounding stars and creating the cuspy cores and power laws that are seen in spheroids. If BHs are ubiquitous in galactic spheroids at the above mass ratio, their total local mass density is comparable to that implied by the energy density of QSO photons, suggesting that these local BHs are the long-sought fossil BHs of QSO central engines. However, QSOs are much rarer per unit co-moving volume than local BHs, unless one equates them to just the massive BHs found in rare and massive local spheroids. The resultant BH masses exceed typical QSO BH mass estimates by nearly a factor of 10, suggesting that BHs have grown in mass by roughly that factor since the QSO era. At least some of that growth might have occurred as protogalaxies grew in mass by mergers, and their BHs also merged and grew apace.     

导弹水下点火的流体动力研究

对轴对称导弹水下点火这一非线性瞬态流动提出以下数学模型及求解方法。水流场假设为理想不可压势流,用边界积分方程法求解;喷管中的燃气流动按准一维非定常无粘完全气体流动处理,用逆步有限差分格式的特征线法求解;喷入水中的燃气流采用简化的等压泡模型,用Euler-Lagrange方法模拟气泡的演化。按照时间步进方法实现了水、气流动和物体运动的数值耦合求解。数值实验结果反映出导弹水下点火时水气流动的一些重要特性。     

航天器太阳帆板展开过程的最优控制

本文讨论航天器太阳帆板展开过程中主体姿态的最优控制问题. 利用多体动力学与最优控制理论建立数学模型, 考虑系统的非完整约束特性, 提出太阳帆板展开过程的最优控制算法. 通过数值仿真, 表明该方法对太阳帆板展开姿态控制的有效性.      

复杂背景中红外多光谱目标检测算法研究

针对多光谱红外探测器,对复杂背景条件下红外弱小目标检测算法进行了研究。根据弱小目标缺乏纹理等相关信息的特点,给出了一种用于多光谱图像的弱小目标检测算法。对多光谱图像,构建数据立方体,对多光谱信息建立稳定的目标特征向量,用多光谱背景抑制滤波器以提升图像信噪比,将一种基于统计判别的低信噪比条件下红外序列图像弱小目标检测算法与传统多级假设检验跟踪(MHT)算法综合,形成了改进的连续帧目标检测跟踪算法,对波门内疑似目标点用引入多光谱信息建立的特征向量进行目标的非监督检测判决。实验结果证明:在低信噪比下该算法能有效检测跟踪弱小目标,在保证检测概率前提下可有效抑制虚警,极大地降低了后续跟踪算法的计算爆炸风险。     

目标机动条件下的定点伴飞控制方法研究

对目标机动条件下的定点伴飞控制进行了研究。根据相对运动关系,建立适于伴飞模式的相对运动方程,将目标机动大小作为未知量加入相对运动方程,构建不确定系统。用LQR和Lyapunov法结合的方式设计相应定点伴飞控制律。理论证明了在目标机动时该控制律仍能实现系统的渐近稳定。仿真结果验证了该控制律的有效性。