航天器数据预测中的因果关系调整技术应用研究

在航天领域，预测参数不但受其自身时序变化的影响，也普遍受到关联因素的交叉影响。因果因素的影响也需要在时序预测过程中被考虑，该类问题被列入因果调整技术当中。为了更全面地反映航天器参数变化的实际情况，提出了一种基于层次分析法（AHP）的因果调整方法。该方法提供了因果因素的判断调整方法，并将调整系数应用于时序模型预测的修正。最终，建立了一个因果与时序预测有机结合的预测体系。     

Flutter control of a composite plate with piezoelectric multilayered actuators

Active flutter velocity enhancement scheme is presented for lifting surfaces, employing Linear Quadratic Gaussian based multi-input multi-output controller with multilayered piezoelectric actuators. To numerically test the developed concept, a composite plate wing, surface bonded with eight piezoelectric bender actuators and sensors has been considered. A modal flutter control model is formulated in state-space domain using coupled piezoelectric finite element procedures along with unsteady aerodynamics and optimal control theory. The bending – torsion flutter instability has been actively postponed from 44.13 to 55.5 m/s using the energy imparted by the multilayered piezoelectric actuators. As the power requirement by these actuators is comparatively very low with respect to stack actuators, they can be employed in an integrated form to develop active lifting surfaces for real time applications.     

Robust reliable control for autonomous spacecraft rendezvous with limited-thrust

This paper investigates the problem of robust reliable control for the spacecraft rendezvous with limited-thrust. Based on the Clohessy–Wiltshire (C–W) equations and by considering the uncertainties and the possible failures, the dynamic model for spacecraft rendezvous is proposed, and the orbital transfer control problem is transformed into a stabilization problem. Then, by a Lyapunov approach, the existence conditions for admissible controllers are formulated in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), and the controller design is cast into a convex feasibility problem subject to LMI constraints. With the obtained controllers, the rendezvous can be accomplished with the limited-thrust in spite of the possible thruster failures. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated by simulation examples.     

Coupling between structural deformation and attitude motion of large planar space structures suspended by multi-tethers

A planar space structure suspended by multi-tethers is one candidate for large and lightweight structures. For such flexible structures, coupling phenomena between structural deformation and attitude motion must be considered. In the present paper, the dynamic characteristics of a planar structure suspended by multi-tethers are investigated. Simulation results reveal that the coupling occurs for low tether stiffness. In addition, it is shown that the coupling can also occur if a number of the tethers become slack. Thermal deformation of the planar structure is one cause of tether slack. Thermal deformation and the induced attitude motion are also investigated. It is shown that roll and yaw motions become unstable due to thermal deformation. Finally, we modify the condition of the connection between sub-panels in order to reduce the overall thermal deformation, and it is confirmed that large deformation can be inhibited by the modification.     

Validation study of numerical simulations by comparison to measurements in piston-driven shock-tunnels

The simulation of high enthalpy flows, both experimentally and numerically, is a topic of international research efforts. It is important to understand and quantitatively describe the aerothermodynamic phenomena of high speed/high enthalpy flows in order to develop more capable reusable space transportation systems. A CFD-method is used here to model several piston driven shock tunnels used around the world to experimentally study re-entry and supersonic combustion phenomena. The results are compared to measured data (pressure and shock speed) of the various tunnels and shows that the approach is valid and is ideal for the development of new tunnel operating conditions and new tunnels. Using the numerical models, test facilities are compared to each other. For the medium enthalpy condition presented here, the tunnels produce similar test conditions, with the bigger ones having greater levels of nozzle supply pressure relative to the diaphragm rupture pressure, and greater test time.     

化学回热循环中工质热力性质的处理方法

采用VC和Matlab混合编程的方法,编制了CRGT循环中工质（水-水蒸气和空气-湿燃气）的热力性质计算程序。空气和干燃气的热力性质采用理想气体掺混模型,水和蒸汽的热力性质采用IAPWS-IF97标准模型,湿燃气的热力性质采用改进的工程计算方法进行处理。计算结果表明：该方法计算精度高、计算速度快。     

单腔内冷涡轮的气热耦合数值仿真

将所开发的HIT-3D气热耦合求解器应用于某低压涡轮的数值仿真中,对该涡轮设计简单的内冷结构,比较了不同湍流、转捩模型对叶片温度场预测的影响,初步验证了所开发的耦合求解器的应用能力.由于目前涡轮的冷却结构复杂,数值计算量比较大,为此发展了一种气热耦合与工程设计相结合的方法,以该涡轮为算例初步验证了该方法,并初步模拟了粗...     

A new chapter in doctoral candidate training: The Helmholtz Space Life Sciences Research School (SpaceLife)

In the field of space life sciences, the demand of an interdisciplinary and specific training of young researchers is high due to the complex interaction of medical, biological, physical, technical and other questions. The Helmholtz Space Life Sciences Research School (SpaceLife) offers an excellent interdisciplinary training for doctoral students from different fields (biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, physics, psychology, nutrition or sports sciences and related fields) and any country. SpaceLife is coordinated by the Institute of Aerospace Medicine at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in Cologne. The German Universities in Kiel, Bonn, Aachen, Regensburg, Magdeburg and Berlin, and the German Sports University (DSHS) in Cologne are members of SpaceLife. The Universities of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Frankfurt, Hohenheim, and the Beihang University in Beijing are associated partners.In each generation, up to 25 students can participate in the three-year program. Students learn to develop integrated concepts to solve health issues in human spaceflight and in related disease patterns on Earth, and to further explore the requirements for life in extreme environments, enabling a better understanding of the ecosystem Earth and the search for life on other planets in unmanned and manned missions.The doctoral candidates are coached by two specialist supervisors from DLR and the partner university, and a mentor. All students attend lectures in different subfields of space life sciences to attain an overview of the field: radiation and gravitational biology, astrobiology and space physiology, including psychological aspects of short and long term space missions. Seminars, advanced lectures, laboratory courses and stays at labs at the partner institutions or abroad are offered as elective course and will provide in-depth knowledge of the chosen subfield or allow to appropriate innovative methods. In Journal Clubs of the participating working groups, doctoral students learn critical reading of scientific literature, first steps in peer review, scientific writing during preparation of their own publication, and writing of the thesis. The training of soft skills is offered as block course in cooperation with other Helmholtz Research Schools. The whole program encompasses 303 h and is organized in semester terms. The first doctoral candidates started the program in spring 2009.     

可重复使用助推器调姿转弯段的控制系统设计

针对可重复使用助推器（RBV）强非线性、强耦合、多输入/多输出的特点,在姿态变化剧烈及空域变化广的调姿转弯阶段,采用非线性动态逆控制方法设计RBV的姿态控制系统。根据时标分离原则及奇异摄动理论,将系统分为快慢两回路子系统。对所需的总控制力矩进行控制分配,由空气舵和反作用控制系统（RCS）共同执行。仿真结果表明：由该法可获得较好的动态性能和鲁棒性。