高速水润滑机械密封的两相流热振动现象

处在高速、快速启动、低黏度介质润滑下的低温高速涡轮泵轴端机械密封性能与常规密封的性能发生了显著的变化，主要因素在于高速的振动影响、低黏度介质下的较差润滑性。以水为模拟介质，研究了低黏度介质下高速机械密封的运转性能，特别是气液两相流问题，实验过程中发现了两相流介质诱发的热振动问题，其机理可能在于受压缩有限空间内的流体可压缩性的变化导致。测试结果表明，在水润滑升速工况下，机械密封虽能够保持好的密封性能，但其性能变化规律较为复杂；在接触端面从接触到非接触状态的转变过程以及稳定运转过程中均存在两相流状态，密封端面温升和摩擦力存在明显的低频振荡，温度振荡可达30℃；出现汽化两相流的情况下，理论计算的结果与试验结果在升速时误差可达到50%以上。随着密封闭合力的增加，密封会出现明显的两相流现象，相变引起的温度和摩擦力的振荡可归结为一类流体密封的自激振动现象。     

Nonlinear effects in the correlation of tracks and covariance propagation

Even though there are methods for the nonlinear propagation of the covariance the propagation of the covariance in current operational programs is based on the state transition matrix of the 1st variational equations, thus it is a linear propagation. If the measurement errors are zero mean Gaussian, the orbit errors, statistically represented by the covariance, are Gaussian. When the orbit errors become too large they are no longer Gaussian and not represented by the covariance. One use of the covariance is the association of uncorrelated tracks (UCTs). A UCT is an object tracked by a space surveillance system that does not correlate to another object in the space object data base. For an object to be entered into the data base three or more tracks must be correlated. Associating UCTs is a major challenge for a space surveillance system since every object entered into the space object catalog begins as a UCT. It has been proved that if the orbit errors are Gaussian, the error ellipsoid represented by the covariance is the optimum association volume. When the time between tracks becomes large, hours or even days, the orbit errors can become large and are no longer Gaussian, and this has a negative effect on the association of UCTs. This paper further investigates the nonlinear effects on the accuracy of the covariance for use in correlation. The use of the best coordinate system and the unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) for providing a more accurate covariance are investigated along with assessing how these approaches would result in the ability to correlate tracks that are further separated in time.     

A human language corpus for interstellar message construction

The aim of HuLCC (the human language chorus corpus), is to provide a resource of sufficient size to facilitate inter-language analysis by incorporating languages from all the major language families: for the first time all aspects of typology will be incorporated within a single corpus, adhering to a consistent grammatical classification and granularity, which historically adopt a plethora of disparate schemes. An added feature will be the inclusion of a common text element, which will be translated across all languages, to provide a precise comparable thread for detailed linguistic analysis for translation strategies and a mechanism by which these mappings can be explicitly achieved. Methods developed to solve unambiguous mappings across these languages can then be adopted for any subsequent message authored by the SETI community. Initially, it is planned to provide at least 20,000 words for each chosen language, as this amount of text exceeds the point where randomly generated text can be disambiguated from natural language and is of sufficient size useful for message transmission [1] (Elliot, 2002). This paper details the design of this resource, which ultimately will be made available to SETI upon its completion, and discusses issues ‘core’ to any message construction.     

非对称机动能力多无人机智能协同攻防对抗

协同攻防对抗是未来军用无人机的重要作战场景。针对不同机动能力无人机群体间的攻防对抗问题，建立了多无人机协同攻防演化模型，基于多智能体强化学习理论，研究了多无人机协同攻防的自主决策方法，提出了基于执行-评判（Actor-Critic）算法的集中式评判和分布式执行的算法结构，保证算法稳定收敛的同时，提升执行效率。无人机的评判模块使用全局信息评价决策优劣引导策略学习，而执行时只需要依赖局部感知信息进行自主决策，提高了多机攻防对抗的效能。仿真结果表明，所提的多无人机强化学习方法具备较强的自进化属性，赋予了无人机一定智能，即稳定的自主学习能力，通过不断演化，能自主学习提升协同对抗的决策效能。     

Post mission life plan for FORMOSAT-2

This paper presents the enhancement in mission operations, the mission life state-of-health (SOH) trending analysis, and the post mission life plan of the FORMOSAT-2 (or FS2, Formosa satellite #2, was called ROCSAT-2, or RS2, Republic of China satellite #2, previously) during its five years mission life from 20 May 2004 to 20 May 2009. There are two payloads onboard FS2: a remote sensing instrument (RSI) with nadir ground sampling distance (GSD) of 2 m for panchromatic (PAN) and GSD of 8 m for multi-spectral (MS, 4 bands) as the primary payload, and an imager for sprite and upper atmospheric lightning (ISUAL) as the secondary payload. It was launched on 20 May 2004. The design life is 7 years while the mission life is 5 years. In other words, the end of mission life date of FS2 is 20 May 2009. Generally speaking, FS2 is still at very good condition in its SOH. Post mission life plan for FS2 consists of: the practice of orbit transfer for global coverage and better resolution, the development of gyroless attitude control, and the method for life extension. It is expected that the working life of FS2 can be extended 3–5 years.     

Typing logic contents using Lingua Cosmica

This paper informs how elements of constructive type theory can be used effectively for clarifying textual messages meant for communication with ETI. Within the setting of a suitable environment consisting of declared terms, it is shown how logical contents of texts can be modelled and codified.     

大尺寸圆柱体几何参数测量系统研制

在分析圆度误差和同轴度误差原理的基础上,研制出一种数字化测量装置,利用相对测量提取出待测特征点的信息,并用最小二乘法进行数据处理,得出工件的圆度和同轴度误差。与传统的手工测量相比,本系统精度高、方便快捷、应用性强。     

河北省农村居民体育生活方式调研

本文采用文献资料法、问卷调查法,针对河北省约5万个行政村中的3000位农村居民,按照行政区域、经济发展、性别、年龄原则进行筛选。就河北省新农村建设过程中农村居民的体育生活方式的现状及影响因素等问题进行调查。目的是对河北全省农村居民进行体育生活方式的调查,明确在河北省进行新农村建设的过程中农村居民的体育生活方式的现状及其影响因素。为河北省农村居民形成科学、文明、健康的体育生活方式,为加快河北省新农村建设提供参考依据。     

轻小型太阳能/氢能无人机发展综述

轻小型无人机（UAV）在军民领域都有着广泛的用途，电动无人机由于其振动低、无污染、无排放等优势，已经成为无人机领域的发展热点。为了提高轻小型电动无人机的航时，清洁、高能量密度的太阳能和氢能成为非常可行的技术途径之一。本文总结了轻小型太阳能、氢能无人机的发展历程；梳理了相关的关键技术，并对太阳能、氢能无人机的总体设计方法和能源动力系统的发展进行了较为深入的探讨；最后，展望了该类无人机的发展趋势，并对所面临的挑战进行了预测。