压力敏感涂料PSP宽域(1~600 kPa)静态标定方法研究

压力敏感涂料PSP是一种先进的光学测试技术。涂料的标定误差是该技术的主要误差来源之一。压敏漆的测量范围正逐步从常规压力区间向超低压和超高压拓展,因此需要开发压力调节范围大、精度高的标定系统。本文将现有的变压力法和变浓度法相结合,提出了一种新型的PSP宽域压力标定方法及系统。通过理论计算的方式,分析了该系统与ISSI公司的商用PSP标定系统的性能差异。结果表明:PSP宽域压力标定系统在低压区（1~20 kPa）标定误差能够控制在0.5 kPa范围内,性能优于ISSI标定系统;中压区（20~200 kPa）与ISSI标定系统性能趋同,误差在4%以内,且随着压力增大,误差降低;高压区（200~600 kPa）可以弥补ISSI无法标定400 kPa以上范围的不足,能实现超高压环境中的PSP标定。本文还对最常用的两种快响应PSP进行了标定实验,结果表明:本文提出的系统标定精度高,能实现PSP宽域标定。     

The thrust and lift of an ornithopter's membrane wings with simple flapping motion

Human beings flying with the help of aircrafts of various kinds have been able to fly for about one century. Although the flapping wings of animals served as an inspiration to pioneers of human flight, we don't really understand how they work. In this study, we employ the concept of four-bar linkage to design a flapping mechanism which simulates a flapping motion of a bird. Wind tunnel tests were performed to measure the lift and thrust of the mechanical membrane flapping wing under different frequency, speed, and angle of attack. It is observed that the flexibility of the wing structure will affect the thrust and lift force due to its deformation at high flapping frequency. The lift force will increase with the increase of the flapping frequency under the corresponding flying speed. For the same flapping frequency, the flying speed can be increased by decrease of the angle of attack with the trade of loosing some lift force. An angle of attack is necessary in a simple flapping motion in order to derive a lift force. The flapping motion generates the thrust to acquire the flying speed. The flying speed and angle of attack combine to generate the lift force for flying.     

基于经纬仪的光束平差法定向方法改进

针对基于传统经纬仪工业测量系统使用光束平差法定向精度有待提高的问题，提出一种新的定向改进方法。该方法同时结合了精确互瞄法与光束平差法，简化了测量过程，提出新的约束，消减了光束平差法中定向阶段的基准点测量累积误差，实现了在非通视条件中完成多台经纬仪高精度定向的目标。试验数据表明：该方法可在10m范围内，在误差为±3″的测点交会精度下，维持0.1mm的定向精度。     

Genetic differentiation induced by spaceflight treatment of Cistanche deserticola and identification of inter-simple sequence repeat markers associated with its medicinal constituent contents

The dried, fleshy stems of Cistanche deserticola (Orobanchaceae) are popular tonics in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to treat the inability of kidney in expelling extra fluid in the body, causing fluid retention, and reform reproductive system. However, the wild plants of C. deserticola have become endangered due to habitat downsizing and over-harvesting for its medicinal usages. The present research was carried out for the following purposes: (1) promoting the space-breeding research; (2) providing molecular evidence for agricultural selective breeding; and (3) protecting this endangered herbal medicine and conserving its genetic resources.     

Wavelength dimensioning for wavelength-routed WDM satellite network

Internet and broadband applications driven by data traffic demand have become key dri-vers for satellite constellations. The key technology to satisfy the high capacity requirements between satellites is optical satellite networks by means of wavelength division multiplexing inter-satellite links (ISLs) with wavelength routing (WDM-OSN). Due to the limited optical amplifier bandwidth onboard the satellite, it is important to minimize the wavelength requirements to provi-sion requests. However, ISLs should be dynamically established and deleted for each satellite according to its visible satellites. Furthermore, different link assignments will result in different topologies, hence yielding different routings and wavelength assignments. Thus, a perfect match model-based link assignment scheme (LAS-PMM) is proposed to design an appropriate topology such that shorter path could be routed and less wavelengths could be assigned for each ISL along the path. Finally, simulation results show that in comparison to the regular Manhattan street net-work (MSN) topology, wavelength requirements and average end-to-end delay based on the topol-ogy generated by LAS-PMM could be reduced by 24.8%and 12.4%, respectively.     

流场可压缩性对涡相互作用影响的数值研究

涡相互作用作为冲压发动机喷注装置的典型抽象流动现象,研究其可压缩性影响对于认识包含化学反应的真实燃料喷射场具有一定基础理论价值。基于经过数值验证的可压缩Navier-Stokes算法与压力泊松方程初始条件设置方法研究流场可压缩性对涡相互作用演化过程的影响。结果表明,以较高涡旋马赫数表征的可压缩性在改变涡对形态的同时,具有延缓涡旋相互靠近,迟滞融合进程的作用。关于涡对系统开始融合的临界条件,可压缩相互作用开始的临界展弦比与无量纲时间相比于低速涡对明显提高。为在无量纲时间意义下统一不同马赫数涡对相互作用的进程,从涡心密度随时间变化规律出发在不可压涡对特征时间的基础上,初步构建了考虑可压缩性的时间尺度修正关系。     

风扇/压气机周向模态识别中传感器角度偏差的影响

基于任意角度压缩感知(CS)方法分析了传感器安装角度偏差对风扇/压气机周向模态识别重构的影响,设计了一套自适应角度优化程序修正重构误差。利用数值试验探究了传感器角度偏差和数量对周向模态重构结果的影响,研究表明:当角度偏差等级为2.5%时,平均重构误差达到10%以上,若保证重构误差基本不变,将传感器数量从7个增加至25个,仅可以将角度偏差等级放宽至4%。而采用小生境微种群遗传算法进行自适应角度优化,在20 dB信噪比下,通过自适应角度优化可将角度偏差等级从2.5%放宽至10%,降低了传感器安装的精度要求。成功优化了一款冷却风扇在前三阶叶片通过频率下的主要周向声模态重构幅值。自适应角度优化算法有效提升了基于压缩感知的风扇/压气机周向模态重构可靠性。     

全机模型静强度分析的多区域并行计算

在Windows XP 64位操作系统环境下,利用若干普通PC机搭建了机群系统,实现了分布内存式并行（DMP）计算。采用3节点和4节点薄壳单元和2节点梁单元建立了约260万自由度（DOF）的全机有限元模型。采用封装的METIS区域分解方法（DDM）,并利用大型通用有限元软件MSC.Marc,实现了全机静强度模型的并行求解,为大型复杂有限元模型的求解提供了一种高性价比的解决方案。     

高超声速飞行器瞬态热试验

为了进行高超声速飞行器热防护系统的初步设计和数值计算的验证,设计开发了高超声速飞行器瞬态气动加热地面试验系统及其控制软件.试验系统能够根据飞行器的飞行轨迹和外形参数加载瞬态热流,实时测出结构表面的热流值和温度,得到飞行器的表面试验热流曲线和温度曲线.试验系统采用真空舱模拟飞行环境,并为此设计了冷却床,在真空环境下能比较真实的模拟热防护系统的下表面热环境,使瞬态热试验的原理更加合理,精度进一步提高.      

脉冲等离子体推力器羽流特性数值研究

以脉冲等离子体推力器羽流为研究对象,建立三维物理模型,简化并离散电子动量方程,运用单元粒子-直接模拟蒙特卡罗混合法模拟非稳态羽流流动.假定脉冲周期内推进剂粒子按正弦规律进入流场,分析流场中电势、电子、离子和原子数密度分布随着时间变化情况,并通过与已有实验数据的对比验证仿真模型.研究表明:模型能在垂直和平行于推力器极板的两个平面内预测等离子体羽流流场参数.该研究方法、结果对更深入研究脉冲等离子体推力器(PPT)羽流具有参考价值.