环形流道流体阻力特性实验研究

针对环形流道下流体阻力特性较圆管阻力特性存在差异,对不同尺寸间隙的环形流道流体阻力特性进行了实验研究.依据圆管流体流动特性原理,推导出摩擦阻力计算公式,采集实验数据、计算实验结果,并对实验结果进行比较、分析.结果表明,环形通道流动特性与流道间隙大小有关,认为间隙为2.5mm是环形通道流动特性的临界点.研究发现,间隙尺寸大于2.5mm时摩擦阻力系数与理论计算相符,流态转捩雷诺数与常规尺寸基本吻合;间隙小于2.5mm为窄环形通道,窄环形流道流体阻力系数随间隙的减小而减小,流道流体流态转捩点明显提前,并且间隙值越小流态转捩雷诺数越小.     

微量元素P对NiAl-34Cr合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用真空非自耗电弧炉熔炼了四种P含量(0.005%,0.02%,0.05%,0.15%(质量分数))的NiAl-34Cr-xP合金.铸态合金的组织均含有NiAl相和Cr相,为典型的胞状树枝晶组织,且随着P含量的增加胞状树枝晶的平均尺寸逐渐减小.在P含量为0.05%和0.15%的合金中还存在Cr3P相.均匀化热处理后合金...     

Numerical simulation and transonic wind-tunnel test for elastic thin-shell structure considering fluid–structure interaction

Aerodynamic force can lead to the strong structural vibration of flying aircraft at a high speed. This harmful vibration can bring damage or failure to the electronic equipment fixed in aircraft. It is necessary to predict the structural dynamic response in the design course. This paper presents a new numerical algorithm and scheme to solve the structural dynamics responses when considering fluid–structure interaction(FSI). Numerical simulation for a free-flying structural model in transonic speed is completed. Results show that the small elastic deformation of the structure can greatly affect the FSI. The FSI vibration tests are carried out in a transonic speed windtunnel for checking numerical theory and algorithms, and the wind-tunnel test results well accord with that of the numerical simulation. This indicates that the presented numerical method can be applied to predicting the structural dynamics responses when containing the FSI.     

凸优化方法在工作站负荷优化配置中的应用

在不考虑设备故障的前提下,一个工作站的服务质量主要取决于其负荷大小。建立了工作站负荷最小化的优化模型,设计了一种变量转换方法并经适当的约束条件合并将该非线性的、具有不等式约束的模型转化为凸优化模型。推导给出该凸优化模型对应的拉格朗日函数及其最优解存在的KKT条件,并引入凸优化内点法作为负荷配置的有效计算工具。实例计算结果表明,凸优化内点算法具有迭代次数少、收敛速度快的优点;实际应用中可以将非线性的复杂的优化问题凸性化从而得到其最优解。     

关于桶滚动态特点的分析

桶滚是近代空战中重要的战术机动动作之一,飞行员能否熟练掌握桶滚的操纵方法,是取得空战胜利和保障飞行安全的基础。针对飞行训练中,桶滚操纵动作不易准确掌握,后段易出现偏差等特点。从桶滚的运动方程入手,根据其战术意义及飞机机动性能特点,分析与研究桶滚的动态特点及其影响因素,总结出桶滚的运动特点及操作规律。最终,为飞行员正确掌握桶滚的操纵方法,提高飞行员对飞机空中状态变化的掌控和识别能力,提升技战术水平,有效地保障飞行安全提供可靠的理论依据。     

电动汽车永磁同步电机滑模低速控制

针对采用永磁同步电机id=0矢量控制调速的电动汽车电机驱动控制系统,为了改善其抗负载扰动能力,并且当电动汽车处于低速运行时,能够输出大转矩,将滑模变结构控制中的变指数趋近律进行改进,设计了一种滑模速度控制器。为了减小滑模变结构控制的抖振问题,引入饱和函数来代替符号函数,同时考虑到滑模速度控制器中存在滞后问题,将饱和函数与经过积分环节后得到的信号相乘,在提高了响应速度的同时增强系统的抗扰动能力。经过仿真验证,不同负载工况下,滑模速度控制器具有较强的鲁棒性和抗扰动能力,满足电动汽车低速运行工况下输出大转矩的要求。     

构建大学生和谐人际交往关系的对策研究

大学生和谐人际交往关系是推进和谐社会建设进程中的一个重要问题。大学生构建和谐人际关系的能力并不是与生俱来的,是需要后天的教育、自身的努力才能获得的。本文针对如何构建大学生和谐人际关系问题,从高校、家庭和大学生自身三个方面提出相应对策。     

Intelligent fault-tolerant control for swing-arm system in the space-borne spectrograph

Fault-tolerant control (FTC) for the space-borne equipments is very important in the engineering design. This paper presents a two-layer intelligent FTC approach to handle the speed stability problem in the swing-arm system suffering from various faults in space. This approach provides the reliable FTC at the performance level, and improves the control flow error detection capability at the code level. The faults degrading the system performance are detected by the performance-based fault detection mechanism. The detected faults are categorized as the anticipated faults and unanticipated faults by the fault bank. Neural network is used as an on-line estimator to approximate the unanticipated faults. The compensation control and intelligent integral sliding mode control are employed to accommodate two types of faults at the performance level, respectively. To guarantee the reliability of the FTC at the code level, the key parts of the program codes are modified by control flow checking by software signatures (CFCSS) to detect the control flow errors caused by the single event upset. Meanwhile, some of the undetected control flow errors can be detected by the FTC at the performance level. The FTC for the anticipated fault and unanticipated fault are verified in Synopsys Saber, and the detection of control flow error is tested in the DSP controller. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the novel FTC approach.